RU204654U1 - Plasma generator of volume barrier discharge - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed utility model can be used in the technology of building materials and the chemical industry, including when carrying out chemical reactions, to activate the initial raw materials by sequential treatment with a barrier discharge created in a plasma generator with an additional gas supply. components due to centrifugal forces on the inner surface of the outer cone of the coaxial gas-discharge chamber, with the formation of plasma between the outer and inner electrodes. New, according to the proposed utility model, is that the design of the inner electrode provides for coating with a dielectric, and also has an additional inlet for inert gas inlet into the gas-discharge chamber. The technical result of the utility model is the activation of the supplied raw materials by a volume barrier discharge in an inert gas atmosphere. The resulting modified raw materials are further used in the construction and chemical industries.

Description

The utility model can be used in the technology of building materials, including when carrying out chemical reactions, to activate the initial raw materials by sequential treatment with a barrier discharge created in a plasma generator with an additional gas supply.

There is a technical solution "non-equilibrium plasma generator" [RF Patent No. 187713], which solved the problem of creating stable sources of nonequilibrium plasma at high pressure, with high specific energy inputs.

The disadvantages of the device are the limited number of discharge channels and, as a consequence, not all raw materials are processed, but only the part adjacent to the discharge channels, which reduces the processing performance due to an insufficiently large exposure zone; low service life of insulation and electrodes. Another disadvantage is the absence of a gas injection and cooling system for the internal electrode.

There is a known device for a water purification reactor [RF Patent No. 2136600], which includes the treatment of a liquid with a barrier discharge in a reactor, consisting of a housing, in the upper part of which there is a unit for creating a water-gas mixture, an electrode system located under the unit for creating a water-gas mixture, and a unit for withdrawing a water-gas mixture, placed under the electrode system. The unit for creating a water-gas mixture includes an aerator, an ejector, pipes for supplying water and removing air and gases. A high-voltage pulse generator is connected to the electrode system. Water treatment is carried out with barrier discharges with a duration of positive and / or negative high-frequency pulses of no more than 0.5⋅10 ^-6 s and the ratio of the amplitude of the pulse voltage to the distance between the electrodes within (2-10) ⋅10 ^-3 V / mm

The disadvantages of the device are the cumbersomeness of the equipment and the complexity in the management of material flows in combination with low productivity, as well as the low temperature and density of charged particles in the discharge channel, which makes the products generated by it significantly different from those generated by spark discharges.

The closest technical solution is the utility model "Plasma-chemical generator for the activation of aqueous dispersed suspensions and dry dispersed materials" [RF Patent No. 187713], in which the activation of the initial raw materials occurs by electron flows generated in a plasma-chemical generator with an adjustable gap between the generator electrodes.

The disadvantages of the device are the impossibility of creating a volume barrier discharge and conducting directed chemical reactions. This device was chosen as a prototype.

The technical result to be achieved by this utility model is the creation of a plasma generator that allows the activation of the supplied raw materials by a volume barrier discharge in an inert gas medium, which is formed in the plasma generator between two electrodes with a dielectric barrier.

The technical result is achieved by using a plasma generator with the possibility of forming a vortex flow of raw materials due to centrifugal forces on the inner surface of the outer cone of the coaxial gas discharge chamber, with the formation of plasma between the outer and inner electrodes. New, according to the proposed utility model, is that the design of the inner electrode provides for a coating with a dielectric, and there is also an additional inlet pipe for introducing an inert gas into the gas-discharge chamber.

The proposed utility model of the device is illustrated by the diagram of the plasma generator shown in Figs. 1-4, where the positions are numbered as follows:

1 - an inner electrode covered with a dielectric;

2 - fastening screws;

3 - dielectric body;

4 - gas discharge chamber;

5 - external electrode;

6 - dielectric insert;

7 - screws for fastening the dielectric insert to the inner electrode;

8, 9 - inlet pipes;

10 - additional branch pipe.

Plasma generator consists of a dielectric housing with a gas discharge chamber, an external electrode, an internal electrode having a conical expansion in the lower part, while the taper of the internal electrode corresponds to the taper of the external electrode, and having inlet pipes for supplying modified liquid and gaseous materials, as well as an additional supply pipe inert gas. The inner electrode has a dielectric coating in the form of a dielectric insert fixed to it with screws.

Glass, quartz, ceramic and polymer materials can be used as a dielectric coating of the inner electrode.

The device is a plasma generator, in which the lower part is made in the form of a cone. The taper of the inner electrode 1 corresponds to the taper of the outer electrode 5.

The dielectric body 3 is connected to the outer electrode by means of a screw connection 2, which is isolated from the inner chamber of the dielectric body and extends through the entire height of the body. This ensures the supply of voltage to the external electrode.

The structure of the inner electrode 1 has a dielectric coating in the form of a dielectric insert 6, which is attached to the inner electrode with screws 7.

Inlet nozzles 8 and 9 are designed to supply modified liquid and gaseous materials to gas discharge chamber 4.

An additional branch pipe 10 provides the possibility of supplying an inert gas to the gas-discharge chamber for the reactions to take place in an inert atmosphere.

The inlet and outlet nozzles are equipped with their own valves to regulate the supply of each substance.

The mixing of the processed material is ensured by the design of the gas-discharge chamber, which allows creating a vortex movement of the material flow.

In the gas-discharge chamber formed by the external and internal electrodes, the raw components are processed in a barrier discharge, which are supplied sequentially in a vortex flow.

The creation of electron flows occurs in the conical part of the device, i.e. in the gap between the electrodes.

Claims (5)

1. Plasma generator, consisting of a dielectric housing with a gas discharge chamber, an external electrode, an internal electrode having a conical expansion in the lower part, while the taper of the internal electrode corresponds to the taper of the external electrode, and having inlet nozzles, characterized in that the internal electrode has a dielectric coating in in the form of a dielectric insert fixed to it with screws, and there is also an additional inert gas supply pipe. 2. Plasma generator according to claim 1, characterized in that glass is used as the dielectric coating of the inner electrode. 3. Plasma generator according to claim 1, characterized in that quartz is used as the dielectric coating of the inner electrode. 4. Plasma generator according to claim 1, characterized in that ceramic materials are used as the dielectric coating of the inner electrode. 5. Plasma generator according to claim 1, characterized in that polymer materials are used as the dielectric coating of the inner electrode.

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