CN111559790B - Pollutant treatment device of venturi type water mist discharge plasma - Google Patents

Pollutant treatment device of venturi type water mist discharge plasma Download PDF

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CN111559790B
CN111559790B CN202010436941.5A CN202010436941A CN111559790B CN 111559790 B CN111559790 B CN 111559790B CN 202010436941 A CN202010436941 A CN 202010436941A CN 111559790 B CN111559790 B CN 111559790B
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water
water tank
water mist
gas
throat
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CN111559790A (en
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王小平
梅洁
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Chongqing Technology and Business University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/48—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/32—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/80—Employing electric, magnetic, electromagnetic or wave energy, or particle radiation
    • B01D2259/818—Employing electrical discharges or the generation of a plasma
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a pollutant treatment device of venturi type water mist discharge plasma, which is characterized in that: comprises a water mist generating component and a discharging component; the device feed inlet is provided with an air inlet (2-7) and a water inlet (2-6) respectively; the discharge assembly comprises a high-voltage electrode and a ground electrode; the water mist generating component is arranged in the water tank, and generates mist through the throat (1-2) by using the venturi principle. The discharge area is positioned between the contraction section and the expansion section, the high-voltage electrode (1-1) is positioned above, and the ground electrode (1-4) is positioned below. The invention can realize self-cooling and cooling during discharging, and can simultaneously realize low-cost and high-efficiency treatment of refractory organic pollutants.

Description

Pollutant treatment device of venturi type water mist discharge plasma
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pollutant treatment, and particularly relates to a pollutant treatment device for venturi type water mist discharge plasma.
Background
With the development of petrochemical industry, organic synthesis, printing and dyeing industry and other industries, various high-concentration refractory organic wastewater and waste gas are correspondingly increased, and more problems are raised for environmental protection. The treatment of refractory organic contaminants has been a challenge and focus in environmental protection. The refractory organic matter refers to a compound which cannot be degraded biologically or in any environment at a high enough speed to be accumulated in the environment for a long time, and has the characteristics of easy biological enrichment, serious environmental pollution, great harm to human bodies and the like. Common refractory organic pollution is toxic and harmful substances such as heterocyclic compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, cyanide-containing compounds and the like.
The plasma technology is an emerging advanced oxidation technology, integrates multiple functions such as free radical oxidation, ozone oxidation, ultraviolet photolysis, high-energy electron bombardment, supercritical effect, local thermal effect and the like, and is a comprehensive technology with the interdisciplinary disciplines of physics, chemistry, biology, environmental science and the like. The plasma is an aggregation state of various active free radicals, high-energy electrons, ecological oxygen, anions and cations, and active particles such as the free radicals, the high-energy electrons and the like can collide with organic pollutant molecules in gas or water body to generate a series of primitive reactions, so that the destruction, chain breakage and oxidative decomposition of organic matters are efficiently and non-selectively realized in a very short time, and the aim of treating the organic pollutants is fulfilled.
A basic form of the presence of low-temperature plasma as a substance is an assembly of charged positive ions, negative ions (including electrons, radicals, various reactive groups, etc.), where the electric charges of positive and negative charges are equal and called plasma. The plasma includes high temperature plasma, thermal plasma, and low temperature plasma. The low-temperature plasma is also called non-thermodynamic equilibrium plasma, has high electron energy and lower ion and gas temperature, can reduce the energy consumption of a reaction system, and can save investment. Dielectric barrier discharge, radio frequency discharge, corona discharge, and glow discharge are all effective discharge modes for generating low-temperature plasma.
From the practical application point of view, the current atmospheric pressure plasma research is mainly focused on the gas-liquid two-phase environment. Under the action of an external special electric field, complex physical and chemical reaction processes can be generated between the gas state and the liquid state to generate various active groups (such as OH, O 3 、H 2 O 2 、NO x Etc.), which determine the main properties of the plasma.
Liquid sprays are formed by breaking up a liquid stream into droplets using charge injection. Electrostatic atomization has an advantage of producing a large number of fine droplets having a narrow particle size distribution and a surface having electric charges, and the droplet size is easily controlled by an applied voltage. Since the surface area of the droplets is much larger than in conventional atomization methods, it is expected that the dispersed fine droplets may accelerate the chemical reaction of the liquid phase with the gas phase. The active components and the dosage of the gas-liquid two-phase discharge are synergistically regulated and controlled by a plurality of physical and chemical parameters such as discharge type, reactor structure, gas-liquid two-phase parameters, reaction kinetic parameters and the like, and finally, the obvious difference of practical application effects is caused.
At present, the design and transformation of a liquid-phase atmospheric pressure plasma dielectric barrier discharge device are important directions of plasma scientific research, and the design of the device has important engineering practical significance in terms of larger gas-liquid contact area, faster mass transfer rate between gas and liquid phases, more active substances and longer service life.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of one or more of the above-described drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention provides a pollutant treating device for a venturi-type water mist discharge plasma.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a pollutant treating device for venturi type water mist discharge plasma, which is characterized in that: comprises a water mist generating component and a discharging component; the water tank feeding port is connected with a water inlet pipe (2-6) and an air inlet (2-7), and the water tank water outlet is divided into two parts of a water outlet 1 (2-3) and a water outlet 2 (2-4); the discharging assembly comprises a high-voltage electrode (1-1) and a grounding electrode (1-4); the water mist generating component of the device is integrally positioned in a water tank, and a venturi principle is applied, and a contraction section (1-6), a throat (1-2) and an expansion section (1-3) are arranged; the throat (1-2) is provided with a plurality of pore canals, so that after gas enters through the gas inlet (2-7), the liquid phase outside the pore canals is adsorbed in a high-pressure environment, thereby generating a plurality of water mist and carrying out discharge treatment; the water outlet 1 (2-3) is arranged below the inner pipe of the water tank, and the water outlet 2 (2-4) is arranged at the middle lower part of the outer pipe of the water tank; the exhaust port (2-1) is arranged above the water tank; the water tank is rotatably mounted using threads (2-2) and (2-5).
By adopting the scheme, when the high-voltage electrode (1-1) is in operation, the high-voltage electrode (1-1) is connected with a high-voltage power supply through a lead, the high-voltage electrode (1-1) is composed of a saline solution electrode, is positioned above a water tank, a grounding electrode is positioned below the water tank, and a discharge area is positioned between a contraction section (1-6) and an expansion section (1-3), and the working characteristics are analyzed as follows:
firstly, when wastewater in a water tank is treated, plasma is formed by discharging through a high-voltage electrode (1-1) and can enter different areas in the gas phase under the rapid pushing of a large amount of water mist, so that the rapid diffusion can be realized, the problem of slow mass transfer of the plasma is solved, the decomposition efficiency is greatly improved, and the low-cost and high-efficiency discharge plasma is further realized to treat organic pollutants difficult to degrade;
secondly, because the high-voltage electrode (1-1) is composed of salt solution during discharging, quartz glass is arranged outside the high-voltage electrode to hold the high-voltage electrode, on one hand, the corrosion problem of the metal electrode can be avoided, and on the other hand, the dielectric action of the quartz glass can lead the discharging to be more uniform and stable, can avoid spark discharging, obtain uniform and stable plasmas, and lead the discharging process to have the advantages of short pulse delay, wide applicable voltage frequency range, strong adaptability and the like.
Thirdly, because of gas-liquid mixed phase discharge, after wastewater and gas are introduced, the channel element can realize self-cooling in the gas-liquid mixed flow, and the discharge area is also above the channel, thereby realizing self-cooling of the discharge area, improving the survival time of active substances and improving the efficiency.
Fourth, because the liquid at the throat (1-2) is adsorbed into the gas phase due to the high-speed flow of the gas phase between the contraction section (1-6) and the expansion section (1-3), the design of the water tank water outlet all takes into account the problem of air pressure balance.
Preferably, the diameter of the throat (1-2) duct is less than 1mm.
Preferably, the salt solution high-voltage electrode (1-1) can be a salt solution such as sodium chloride solution, sodium sulfate solution, sodium sulfite solution, etc.
Further, the salt solution used for the high-voltage electrode is sodium chloride solution, and quartz glass is used for containing.
Further, the device is detachable up and down, so that the electrode can be conveniently changed, and the device is installed by using threads (2-2) and (2-5).
Further, the spray is passed by high velocity gas through the constriction (1-6) and the expansion (1-3) to form a "vacuum zone" at the throat (1-2) to create an adsorption effect and create a mist.
Further, the discharge assembly can be expanded into a plurality of discharge assemblies, so that the pollutant treatment efficiency can be improved in a multiplied manner.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, when wastewater in the water tank is treated, plasma formed by high-voltage electrode discharge can enter different areas in the water tank under the rapid pushing of a large number of bubbles, so that rapid diffusion can be realized, the problem of slow mass transfer of the plasma is solved, the decomposition efficiency is greatly improved, and further, the low-cost and high-efficiency discharge plasma is realized to treat organic pollutants which are difficult to degrade.
Secondly, the high-voltage electrode is a saline solution electrode and is filled with quartz glass, so that corrosion caused by direct contact of metal electrodes is effectively avoided, in addition, spark discharge can be avoided, uniform and stable plasmas are obtained, and the discharge process has the advantages of short pulse delay, wide applicable voltage frequency range, strong adaptability and the like after being blocked by an insulating medium.
Thirdly, the invention is characterized in that the gas-liquid mixed discharge is carried out, so that the self-cooling of the throat duct is possible after the wastewater and the gas are introduced, and the discharge area is also arranged around the duct, thereby realizing the self-cooling of the discharge area, improving the survival time of the active substances and improving the efficiency.
Fourth, in the present invention, since the spray discharge is performed, the applied liquid spray is formed by decomposing the liquid flow into droplets by charge injection. The atomizing discharge has the advantage of producing a large number of fine droplets having a narrow particle size distribution and a surface charge, and the droplet size is easy to control in voltage. Since the surface area of the droplets is much larger than in conventional atomization methods, it is expected that the dispersed fine droplets may accelerate the chemical reaction of the liquid phase with the gas phase.
Fifth, the invention can be used for treating waste gas, waste water and waste gas synchronously, and can meet the requirement of treating single or/and composite pollutant, has multifunction and can achieve the aim of one machine for multiple purposes.
Sixth, the invention can improve the yield of active substances and is beneficial to the removal of organic pollutants because the discharge space is arranged in the pore canal piece and the water-gas mixed phase discharge is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the throat.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
examples: referring to fig. 1, a pollutant treating apparatus of venturi type water mist discharge plasma includes a water mist generating component, a discharge component and a high voltage power supply.
The water tank feeding port is connected with a water inlet pipe (2-6) and an air inlet (2-7), and the water tank water outlet is divided into two parts of a water outlet 1 (2-3) and a water outlet 2 (2-4).
The water mist generating component of the device is integrally positioned in a water tank, and a venturi principle is applied, and a contraction section (1-6), a throat (1-2) and an expansion section (1-3) are arranged; the throat (1-2) is provided with a plurality of pore canals, so that after gas enters through the gas inlet (2-7), the liquid phase outside the pore canals is adsorbed under a high-pressure environment, thereby generating a plurality of water mist and carrying out discharge treatment.
The water outlet 1 (2-3) is arranged below the inner pipe of the water tank, and the water outlet 2 (2-4) is arranged at the middle lower part of the outer pipe of the water tank; the exhaust port (2-1) is arranged above the water tank.
Preferably, the diameter of the throat (1-2) duct is less than 1mm.
Preferably, the salt solution high-voltage electrode (1-1) can be a salt solution such as sodium chloride solution, sodium sulfate solution, sodium sulfite solution, etc.
Further, the salt solution used for the high-voltage electrode is sodium chloride solution, and quartz glass is used for containing.
Further, the spray is passed by high velocity gas through the constriction (1-6) and the expansion (1-3) to form a "vacuum zone" at the throat (1-2) to create an adsorption effect and create a mist.
Further, the device is detachable up and down, so that the electrode can be conveniently changed, and the device is installed by using threads (2-2) and (2-5).
Further, the discharge assembly can be expanded into a plurality of discharge assemblies, so that the pollutant treatment efficiency can be improved in a multiplied manner.
By adopting the scheme, when the high-voltage electrode (1-1) is in operation, the high-voltage electrode (1-1) is connected with a high-voltage power supply through a lead, the high-voltage electrode (1-1) is composed of a saline solution electrode, is positioned above a water tank, a grounding electrode is positioned below the water tank, and a discharge area is positioned between a contraction section (1-6) and an expansion section (1-3), and the working characteristics are analyzed as follows:
firstly, when wastewater in a water tank is treated, plasma is formed by discharging through a high-voltage electrode (1-1) and can enter different areas in the gas phase under the rapid pushing of a large amount of water mist, so that the rapid diffusion can be realized, the problem of slow mass transfer of the plasma is solved, the decomposition efficiency is greatly improved, and the low-cost and high-efficiency discharge plasma is further realized to treat organic pollutants difficult to degrade;
secondly, because the high-voltage electrode (1-1) is composed of salt solution during discharging, quartz glass is arranged outside the high-voltage electrode to hold the high-voltage electrode, on one hand, the corrosion problem of the metal electrode can be avoided, and on the other hand, the dielectric action of the quartz glass can lead the discharging to be more uniform and stable, can avoid spark discharging, obtain uniform and stable plasmas, and lead the discharging process to have the advantages of short pulse delay, wide applicable voltage frequency range, strong adaptability and the like.
Thirdly, because of gas-liquid mixed phase discharge, after wastewater and gas are introduced, the channel element can realize self-cooling in the gas-liquid mixed flow, and the discharge area is also above the channel, thereby realizing self-cooling of the discharge area, improving the survival time of active substances and improving the efficiency.
Fourth, because the liquid at the throat (1-2) is adsorbed into the gas phase due to the high-speed flow of the gas phase between the contraction section (1-6) and the expansion section (1-3), the design of the water tank water outlet all takes into account the problem of air pressure balance.
The invention has three working states:
first, only the organic wastewater difficult to degrade is treated, namely the main working state of the device. Firstly, gas is introduced from an air inlet (2-7), then wastewater is introduced from an inlet pipe (2-6), and when uniform water mist is sprayed out from a throat, a high-voltage power supply is started to start discharge treatment, and then the device can be operated for a long time.
Second, only the hardly degradable volatile organic waste gas is treated. Firstly, exhaust gas is introduced from an air inlet (2-7), then water is introduced from an air inlet pipe (2-6), when water mist is uniformly sprayed out from a throat, a power supply is turned on to start discharging, and finally, the speed of introducing water from the air inlet pipe (2-6) is reduced by adjusting a flowmeter.
Third, both waste water and exhaust gas are treated. Waste gas and waste water are simultaneously introduced from the air inlet (2-7) and the water inlet pipe (2-6), and when the water mist is uniformly sprayed out from the throat (1-2), the power supply is turned on to start discharging, and then the long-term operation can be realized.
Therefore, the invention can be used for treating waste gas, waste water and waste gas simultaneously.
The foregoing describes in detail preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations can be made in accordance with the concepts of the invention by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden. Therefore, all technical solutions which can be obtained by logic analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the prior art by the person skilled in the art according to the inventive concept shall be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims (3)

1. The pollutant treatment device of venturi type water mist discharge plasma is characterized by comprising a water mist generation assembly and a discharge assembly; the water mist generating assembly is integrally positioned in the water tank, the venturi principle is applied, the water mist generating assembly comprises an inner pipe and an outer pipe, the inner pipe is provided with a contraction section (1-6), a throat (1-2) and an expansion section (1-3), the inner pipe is connected with an air inlet (2-7), and the outer pipe is connected with a water inlet pipe (2-6); the throat (1-2) is provided with a plurality of pore channels, so that after gas enters through the gas inlet (2-7), the liquid phase of the outer tube of the water mist generating component is adsorbed in a high-pressure environment, and a plurality of water mist is generated; the discharging assembly comprises a high-voltage electrode (1-1) and a grounding electrode (1-4), wherein the high-voltage electrode (1-1) is arranged right above the expansion section (1-3), and the grounding electrode (1-4) is arranged right below the inner contraction section (1-6) of the inner tube; the water tank feed inlet is connected with a water inlet pipe (2-6) and an air inlet (2-7); the water tank comprises a water tank inner pipe and a water tank outer pipe, and a water tank water outlet is divided into a water outlet 1 (2-3) and a water outlet 2 (2-4); the water outlet 1 (2-3) is arranged below the inner pipe of the water tank, and the water outlet 2 (2-4) is arranged at the middle lower part of the outer pipe of the water tank; an exhaust port (2-1) is arranged above the water tank; the high-voltage electrode (1-1) is a saline solution electrode and is contained by quartz glass, so that the corrosion problem of the metal electrode is avoided; the diameter of the pore canal of the throat (1-2) is smaller than 1mm.
2. A pollutant treating device for venturi type water mist discharge plasma according to claim 1, characterized in that the water tank feed inlet is respectively provided with a gas phase and a liquid phase by a gas inlet (2-7) and a water inlet pipe (2-6), the gas phase is discharged through a gas outlet (2-1), and the liquid phase uniformly flows out in the form of water mist through the pore canal of the throat (1-2).
3. A pollutant treating device for a venturi-type water mist discharge plasma according to claim 1, wherein the device is mounted using threads (2-2) and (2-5) for easy mounting and dismounting.
CN202010436941.5A 2020-05-21 2020-05-21 Pollutant treatment device of venturi type water mist discharge plasma Active CN111559790B (en)

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