RU2046495C1 - Power-consumer remote-control device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electric power supply. SUBSTANCE: device has M groups of isolating units, M-1 groups of channel selectors, switching unit, M-1 multiplex communication lines, line distributor, coupling and amplifying unit, new implementation of protective unit, and organization of new connections. EFFECT: improved reliability and enlarged functional capabilities of device. 2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to devices used for remote control of switching means, for example, turning current on and off to electricity consumers, and can be used, for example, for controlling electric energy consumers of a vehicle.

 The closest in technical essence to the proposed is a device for remote control of electricity consumers, containing a control and display unit, through a communication line connected to a multiplexer, a first multiplex communication line with a first group of K channel selectors, as well as a power supply and a protection unit connected in series containing a fuse block, each of the K + 1 outputs of which is connected to the power input of the corresponding channel selectors and shaper from K I am multiplexed.

 The disadvantages of this device are low reliability and lack of functionality.

 To eliminate these shortcomings, M-1 multiplex communication lines, M-1 groups of channel selectors from K each, M groups of isolation units according to the number of channel selectors, a line distributor, an isolation and amplification unit, a switching unit were introduced, while the subscriber output of the multiplex signal generator is connected with a linear output of the line distributor, each of the subscriber terminals of which is connected to the corresponding of M subscriber terminals of the isolation and amplification unit, each of the M line outputs of which is connected to the corresponding of M mu of half-duplex communication lines, to each of which are connected the linear outputs of the isolation blocks of the corresponding group, the subscriber output of each of the isolation blocks is connected to the linear output of the corresponding channel selector, the switching block contains the first and second switches, and the first power output of the first switch is connected to the output for connecting the mass , the first power terminal of the second switch is connected to the first output of the switching unit, the second power terminals of the first and second switches are combined and connected to the second the switching unit, in addition, the second output of the switching unit is connected to the common output of the power source, the first output of the switching unit is connected to the common outputs of the i-th channel selector of the g-th group, the isolation and amplification unit and the multiplexer, one of the subscriber outputs i the th channel selector of the gth group is connected to the control input of the switching unit, the power input of the isolation and amplification unit is connected to the power input of the multiplex signal driver, and the common outputs of the channel selectors, except for the i-th channel selector g-th group connected to a common power supply wiring. The common conclusions of the power supply and the protection unit are combined, and the protection unit contains series-connected conductive noise protection block, the power input and the general output of which are the power input and the general output of the protection unit, and the fuse block, the outputs of which are the outputs of the protection unit.

 In FIG. 1 is a structural electrical diagram of a device for remote control of consumers of electricity; in FIG. 2 structural electrical diagram of the isolation and amplification unit; in FIG. 3 block diagram of the channel selector; in FIG. 4 structural electrical diagram of the isolation unit; in FIG. 5 block diagram of the protection unit.

 The device for remote control of electricity consumers (Fig. 1) contains a control and display unit 1, a communication line 2 connected to a multiplex signal driver 3, the subscriber output of which is connected to a linear output of the 4 lines distributor. The subscriber terminal of the latter is connected to the subscriber terminal of the isolation and amplification unit 5, to each of the M line terminal of which is connected the corresponding M multiplex line 6.1.6. M of communication (in Fig. 1, M = 2). To each of the multiplex lines 6.1.6. The groups of blocks 7.1.7.K.7. (K + 1) .7.Р isolation and selectors 8.1.8.K. (K + 1) .8.Р channels (two groups are shown in Fig. 1) are connected to the communication channel. . The linear outputs of blocks 7.1 (7.2. 7.Р) of the junction are connected to the corresponding multiplex line 6.1.6.M of communication. The line output of the corresponding selector 8.1 (8.2.8.Р) channels is connected to the subscriber output of each of the 7.1 (7.2.7.Р) blocks, to the subscriber terminals 9.1 (9.2.9.Р) of which electricity consumers (not shown) can be connected. The second output of the switching unit 10 is connected to the common terminals of the power supply 11 and the protection unit 12, the second input of which is connected to the output of the power supply 11. Each of the P + 1 outputs of the protection unit 12 is connected to the power inputs of the multiplex signal driver 3, the isolation and amplification unit 5, and the corresponding channel selector 8.1.8. The first output of the switching unit 10 is connected to the inputs of the multiplex signal generator 3, the isolation and amplification unit 5, and the ith channel selector of the gth group, the corresponding subscriber output of which is connected to the control input of the switching unit 10. The switching unit contains the first 13 and second 14 switches. The control input of the first switch 13 is the control input of the switching unit 10, the second output of which is the first power outputs of the first 13 and second 14 switches interconnected. The first power output of the second switch 14 is the first output of the switching unit 10, the mass output of which is the first power output of the first switch 13.

 Block 5 isolation and amplification (Fig. 2) contains M blocks 15.1.15.M connection to the line (in Fig. 2 M = 2), each of which (for the considered option of organizing multiplex lines 6.1.6.M communication) contains the first 16 (19) and second 18 (21) matching transmit blocks and matching matching block 17 (20). The combination of the outputs of the first 16 (19) and second 18 (21) matching transmitting units and the input of the matching matching unit 17 (20) is the corresponding linear output of the isolation and amplification unit 5. The combination of the inputs of the first 16 (19) and second 18 (21) matching transmit blocks and the output of the matching matching block 17 (20) is the corresponding subscriber output of the isolation and amplification block.

 Each of the channel selectors 8.1 (8.2.8.P) (Fig. 3) contains a signal processing unit 22 interconnected, the first outputs of which are linear outputs of the channel selector, and a signal conversion unit 23, the second output of which is the subscriber output of the channel selector. The power inputs of the signal processing unit 22 and the signal conversion unit 23 are connected to the output of the secondary power source 24, the inputs of which are the power and mass inputs of the channel selector.

 Each of the P blocks 7.1 (7.2.7.P) isolation (Fig. 4) contains the first 25 and second 27 matching reception blocks and matching block 26 transmission. The set of inputs of the first 25 and second 27 matching reception and output blocks of the matching transmission unit 26 is a linear output of the isolation block, the subscriber output of which is the combination of the outputs of the first 25 and second 27 matching receiving and input matching blocks of the transmission matching unit 26.

 The protection block 12 (Fig. 5) contains a series-connected block of protection against conducted interference, the first and second inputs of which are the first and second inputs of the protection block, and the fuse block 29, the P + 1 outputs of which are the outputs of the protection block.

 A remote control device for consumers of electricity works as follows.

 Multiplex information exchange in the device is carried out by control signals generated in the control and display unit 1. In this case, the multiplex exchange includes the transmission of control signals from block 1 through the multiplex signal shaper 3, the 4 line distributor, the isolation and amplification block 5, the blocks 7.1.7. P isolation, the selectors 8.1.8. P channels to the corresponding consumers of electricity connected to the subscriber conclusions 9.1. 9.R. It is also possible to transmit control signals in the device, for example, from sensors (fuel level, temperature, etc.) connected to the corresponding subscriber terminals 9.1.9.Р through the corresponding selectors 8.1.8.Р channels, blocks 7.1.7.Р decoupling, decoupling and amplification unit 5, 4 lines distributor, multiplex signal shaper 3 to the control and display unit 1. Electricity consumers can be united in groups, each of which is connected to the corresponding subscriber terminals 9.1.9.Р. The principle of combining consumers into groups can be based, for example, on a territorial attribute (a group of lighting devices, for example lamps), concentrated in a small area, etc. vehicle door). To the isolation and amplification unit 5, multiplex 6.1.6.M communication lines independent from each other are connected, and any of the multiplex 6.1.6.M communication lines can be connected in the form of a ring. Such a construction provides high reliability and survivability of the multiplex exchange carried out in accordance with the algorithm, a possible version of which is described below.

 The time interval during which a single exchange of information signals is carried out with each consumer of electricity is called super-cycle interval (SDH). Each SDH is divided into m equal to each other in the duration of the cycle intervals (CR), and m can be equal to the total number of selectors 8.1.8. P channels (i.e. m = P).

 All 8.1.8. P channel selectors are sequentially numbered, and the DI number in the general case corresponds to the serial number of the channel selector. From this it follows that during one DI, information signals are exchanged between subscribers connected to subscriber terminals 9.1.9. P of the corresponding channel selector by 3 multiplex signal shaper.

 Each QI is divided into n equal in length channel intervals (CI). The number of CIs in the DI is determined by the maximum number of subscribers connected to the terminals 9.1.9.Р of any of the selectors 8.1.8.Р channels. The combination of the number of QI and KI determines the address of a specific consumer in SDH.

 At the beginning of each SDH and DI, clock signals are transmitted, through which synchronization is provided for cycles and supercycles. It should be noted that the clock signals are transmitted during the KI with numbers 01 and 02, and also that the signal corresponding to the super-cycle clock is transmitted during 01 and 02 KI QI with the number 00, and the signal corresponding to the cyclic clock is transmitted during 01 and 02 The QI of each QI with numbers other than 00.

 Information signals are transmitted during KI with numbers 03-32. At the same time, each of these KIs in the multiplex line 6.1.6.M of communication looks, for example, such that at the beginning of each KI, a signal corresponding to logical "1" (guard interval) is always transmitted, and then a signal corresponding to either logical "0 ", or logical" 1 "(information interval) depending on the type of information transmitted. The durations of the protective and information intervals can be equal to each other and, for example, equal to the period of the clock oscillation, the frequency of which determines the rate of exchange of information signals within the SDH.

 From the description of the above algorithm, it follows that over a period of time equal to one SDH, information exchange between all consumers connected to the terminals 9.1.9.Р and the control and display unit 1 has been successively carried out.

 In each SDH, the described procedure is cyclically repeated. It follows from this that in the process of work a continuous multiplex exchange is carried out with each of the consumers. Perhaps, of course, the use of other algorithms of multiplex exchange.

 The described algorithm is implemented as follows.

 The control signals from the control and display unit 1 through the communication line 2 are supplied to the multiplexer 3, in which the clock signals, the multiplexed signal are generated, and the time distribution of the signals corresponding to each of the electricity consumers is realized.

 By means of a distributor of 4 lines, if necessary, it is possible to quickly switch linear signals to one or another multiplex line 6.1.6.M of communication. If there is no need for such a switch, the distributor of 4 lines is converted into a translator of signals coming from the shaper 3 of the multiplex signal.

 Block 5 isolation and amplification is necessary for the formation of independent signals on the multiplex lines 6.1.6.M communication, as well as for matching parameters of the signals in the lines 6.1.6.M and the signals at the output of the shaper 3 multiplex signal. Each of the M line terminals of the isolation and amplification unit 5 is connected to a corresponding multiplex line 6.1.6.M of the M line.

 Below we consider an implementation option for multiplex 6.1.6.M communication lines, in which clock oscillation and information (linear) signals are transmitted on different circuits, i.e., each of the multiplex communication lines is a combination of two circuits of a linear signal circuit and a clock oscillation circuit. If the clock and information signals are transmitted on the same circuit, the implementation of block 5 may be different.

 A group of blocks 7.1.7.K.7. (K + 1) .7.R isolation, which is necessary to ensure galvanic isolation, isolation of the required signals from the common multiplexed signal, and also connected to each of the M multiplex lines 6.1.6.M communications is connected. forming a multiplexed signal from sensors connected to the corresponding subscriber terminals 9.1.9.Р.

 Using the combination of isolation and amplification unit 5 and 7.1.7.Р isolation units allows for multiplex exchange over a long line, which expands the functionality of the device.

 Using each of the P channel selectors, the signals from the multiplexed signal are separated to control consumers of electricity and the multiplexed signal is formed from signals coming from sensors connected to the corresponding subscriber terminals 9.1. 9.R.

 The device is powered from a power source 11, the voltage from the output of which through the protection unit 12 is supplied, for example, via separate circuits to each of the P selectors 8.1.8. P channels, the isolation and amplification unit 5, and the multiplexer 3. The protection unit 12 is necessary to protect the power source 11 from short circuit power circuits, for example, to ground, and to protect the electronic components of the system from the effects of conducted noise arising in the power circuits during load shedding.

 By means of the switching unit 10, the multiplex exchange in the device is turned on, as well as the mass is turned on for the functioning of consumers (lamps, sensors, etc.).

 Consider in more detail the functioning and implementation of the device blocks.

 In FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a possible embodiment of an isolation and amplification unit 5.

 Linear signals from the outputs of the distributor of 4 lines are received through blocks 15.1.15.M connection to the line to the corresponding multiplex lines, 6.1. 6. M communication. Blocks 15.1.15.M connection to the line are necessary to coordinate the parameters of the signals at the outputs of the electronic blocks of the device with multiplex lines 6.1.M communication and to ensure multiplex exchange on lines 6.1. 6.M long-distance communications, which extends the functionality of the device.

 The structure of each block connecting to the line for the considered case of organizing multiplex lines 6.1.6.M communication includes matching blocks 16 (19) transmit clock oscillation matching blocks 18 (21) transmission of a linear signal, matching blocks 17 (20) receiving a linear signal. The clock oscillation arriving at the inputs of the matching transmission units 16 (19) is generated in the multiplexer 3, is transmitted unchanged through the 4 line distributor and fed to the inputs of the matching transmitting units 16 (19).

 In FIG. Figure 3 shows a diagram of a possible implementation of the selector 8.1 (8.2.8.P) channels.

 By means of block 22, the signal from the corresponding multiplex communication is processed, as well as the combination (multiplexing) of signals received either from sensors connected to the subscriber terminals 9.1.9.P or from the diagnostic outputs of the signal conversion block 23. Block 23 signal conversion is a collection of "smart" electronic keys, the load of each of which is, for example, a corresponding lamp. These keys have a diagnostic output and provide the ability to monitor (diagnose) the health of both the loads themselves (for example, lamp burnout) and electronic keys that directly control the loads.

 The address of the DI, which determines the multiplex exchange with a specific selector 8.1 (8.2.8.P) channels, is displayed by a multi-digit code number supplied through the control circuit to the signal processing unit 22.

 In FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a possible implementation of block 7.1 (7.2.7.P) of the interchange.

 For the considered option of organizing the multiplex line 6.1 (6.2. 6. M), the linear signal from the line 6.1 (6.2.6.M) through the matching block 25 of the reception enters the selector 8.1 (8.2.8.P) channels. The linear signal through the matching block 26 of the transmission from the linear output of the selector 8.1 (8.2.8.Р) channels enters the multiplex communication line 6.1 (6.2.6.M), the clock oscillation from which through the matching block 27 of the reception enters the selector 8.1 (8.2. 8.P) channels.

 It should be noted that matching transmission blocks 16, 18, 19, 21 can be implemented identically, matching reception blocks 17, 20 can be implemented identically, matching reception blocks 25, 27 can be implemented identically. The control and display unit 1 can be implemented, for example, as a combination of switches and control lamps on the vehicle instrument panel.

 The voltage from the power source 11 through the protection unit 12 through individual circuits is supplied to the selectors 8.1.8. P channels, block 5 isolation and amplification and driver 3 multiplex signal. To supply electronic components in each of the selectors 8.1 (8.2.8.Р) channels, a secondary power source is used. Secondary power sources (not shown) are also used to power the electronic components in the isolation and amplification unit 5 and the multiplex signal generator 3.

 In FIG. 5 is a diagram of a possible embodiment of a protection unit 12.

 As follows from FIG. 5, the protection block 12 includes two blocks: a block 28 for protection against conducted interference arising from the operation of the vehicle’s standard electrical equipment during load shedding, and a fuse block 29 for protection against short circuit in supply circuits. Block 28 in the simplest case can be implemented based on a diode.

 For the operation of block 28, it receives a supply voltage from a power source 11.

 The fuse block 29 is a collection of fuses, each of which is included in the corresponding power circuit.

 The power source 12 when using this device on a vehicle can be implemented as a combination of a battery and a generator operating at a common load.

 In a vehicle, the mass is connected to consumers of electricity by means of a mass switch. In the proposed device, the function of this switch is performed by the first switch 13 of the switching unit 10. The second switch 14 serves to enable multiplex exchange in the device regardless of the state of the first switch 13. The presence of switches 13 and 14 in the switching unit 10 is determined by the need, in the case when the mass switch is a consumer of electricity, to control it from the subscriber terminal 9. K (as this is shown in Fig. 1) or when it is required to remotely control the electric power consumers of the vehicle (for example, an open door indicator lamp, etc.) regardless of the position of the ground switch (switch thirteen). To ensure this, a multiplex signal driver 3 and a corresponding selector 8.K of channels use a wire from the first switch 13 as a return wire.

 From the above description it follows that the proposed device is more reliable in operation while expanding its functionality.

Claims (2)

 1. DEVICE FOR REMOTE CONTROL OF ELECTRIC POWER CONSUMERS, comprising a control and display unit, through a communication line connected to a multiplexer, a first multiplex communication line with a first group of K channel selectors, as well as a power supply and a protection unit in series with each fuse block, each from K + 1 outputs of which are connected to the power input of the corresponding from K channel selectors and a multiplex signal shaper, characterized in that M 1 ultiplex communication lines, M 1 groups of channel selectors from K each, M groups of isolation blocks according to the number of channel selectors, a line distributor, an isolation and amplification unit, a switching unit, while the subscriber output of the multiplex signal shaper is connected to the linear output of the line distributor, each of the subscriber the terminals of which are connected to the corresponding of the M subscriber terminals of the isolation and amplification unit, each of the M line outputs of which is connected to the corresponding of the M multiplex communication lines, to each of which I connect the linear outputs of the isolation units of the corresponding group are provided, the subscriber output of each of the isolation units is connected to the linear output of the corresponding channel selector, the switching unit comprising the first and second switches, the first power output of the first switch connected to the output for connecting the mass, the first power output of the second switch with the first output of the switching unit, the second power terminals of the first and second switches are combined and connected to the second output of the switching unit, the control input of the first switch connected to the control input of the switching unit, in addition, the second output of the switching unit is connected to the common output of the power source, the first output with the common conclusions of the i-th channel selector of the g-th group of the isolation and amplification unit and the multiplexer, one of the subscriber outputs i- of the channel selector of the gth group is connected to the control input of the switching unit, the power input of the isolation and amplification unit is connected to the power input of the multiplexer, and the common outputs of the channel selectors, except for the ith channel selector of the gth groups connected to the common output of the power source.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the common conclusions of the power source and the protection unit are combined, and the protection unit contains series-connected protection against conducted interference, the power input and the common output of which are the power input and the general output of the protection unit, and the unit fuses, the outputs of which are the outputs of the protection unit.

Images