RU2045149C1 - Combine harvester for plant breeding with harvested crop recording device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering. SUBSTANCE: combine harvester has a frame, self-propelled undercarriage, reaper, conveyor, parallel linkage, hopper, and a weigher. The latter is provided with two-tier weight-measuring mechanisms with different high and low sensitivity threshold levels. One mechanism is located in the hopper bottom part, and the other is mounted on a platform provided with the hopper lift mechanism and the lower tier interlock mechanism. The weigher is mounted on a bracket, and it is linked with the bracket by means of the hopper turn and dump mechanism or the interlock mechanism. The weigher is provided with additional recording equipment in electric contact with sensors of the upper and lower tiers. EFFECT: higher efficiency, convenience in operation. 40 cl, 33 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to selective harvesters for harvesting and accounting for green mass and harvested crops in experimental plots and plots.

 Known selection combine with a device for accounting for green mass, including a frame, a running gear with an engine group, a reaper, a conveyor, a hopper with a suspension mechanism and a weighing device with a table and a container.

 The disadvantages of the known harvester are the low accuracy of its weighing device, as well as the need for additional means of loading the weighed mass into vehicles.

 Also known is a selection harvester with a device for accounting for green mass, comprising a frame, a running gear with an engine group, a header, a conveyor, a hopper with a suspension mechanism and a weighing device with a table and a container, in which the suspension mechanism is made in the form of a parallelogram four-link mechanism and is equipped with a suspension arm with an emphasis, a hydraulic cylinder for fixing the hopper, which is connected to the connecting rod of the mechanism by means of brackets and a fist, while the fist is mounted to interact with the lever stop p dveski and lower arm by hinged cylinder connected to the hopper. The table of the weighing device is made in the form of frames pivotally mounted on the frame of the combine, and is equipped with a height-adjustable stop for the bottom of the hopper. The capacity of its weighing device is mounted on the frame of the combine with the possibility of adjustment in the horizontal plane. This combine is taken as a prototype.

 The disadvantages in the design of the weighing device of this selection combine are: low weighing accuracy, the threshold of sensitivity in the value of the measured mass of 0.20 kg, the measurement error exceeds ± 30% in real production conditions due to the tilt of the frame sideways, forward or backward, the hopper is jammed in the bearings lever. The measurement error exceeds the actual nominal mass by 5-6 times; when weighing the mass of the harvested crop from the accounting area, the weight of the hopper and the unconnected hydraulic cylinder for fixing the hopper falls on the mass dose, this reduces the lower limit of sensitivity and increases the weighing error; when working on slopes, the mesdoze is not operational, the adjustment of the weighing device does not ensure the alignment of the meso dose to the horizontal position, the adjustments themselves are complex and time-consuming; the table of the weighing device provides only an indirect effect on the mass dose, introducing additional errors in the value of the measured mass; on variety testing plots, the crop weight does not exceed 4.10 kg and the hopper must be unloaded immediately without raising and moving the hopper by a suspension mechanism to a height of 2 m and its further unloading; the measured mass in the control breeding plots should be taken into account with an accuracy of ± 1 g, and not using a graduated scale with an accuracy of ± 10 kg.

A weighing device on a selection combine allows you to quickly obtain information about the mass of the harvested crop both with plots of 1.4 m ² and experimental plots of 2x50 m ² , excluding their transportation to stationary scales. A device for accounting for the collected mass eliminates the use of auxiliary workers when weighing the masses of harvested crops and the subsequent unloading of the hopper. A weighing device mounted on a selection combine allows the weighing mechanism of the upper tier to weigh the masses of samples with an accuracy of 1 g up to 10 kg of the total mass. The weighing mechanism of the lower tier with an accuracy of 1 kg allows you to determine the weight of the mowed crop up to 500 kg. When filling the hopper, the latter is unloaded into a trailed tank, into a tractor trolley or into the side of a truck.

 The selector harvester is characterized by the following features: frame; running gear with an engine group; reaper; conveyor; four-link parallelogram suspension mechanism; hopper; weighing device. New in the design of the combine is a weighing device.

 A weighing device made in the form of two-tier weighing mechanisms with different levels of the upper and lower thresholds of sensitivity, one of which is installed on the bottom of the hopper, and the other on the cargo platform under the hopper, while the hopper is connected with a weighing mechanism of the upper tier to a cargo platform equipped with a lifting mechanism , and the locking mechanism of the weight measuring mechanism of the lower tier, kinematically connected with the lifting mechanism of the cargo platform, is located on the bracket rehzvennogo parallelogram mechanism and is associated with turning mechanism and emptying the bin or hopper emptying an interlock mechanism. The weighing device is equipped with additional equipment and a unit for processing and recording the value of the weighed mass, electrically connected to the sensors of the weighing mechanisms of the upper and lower tiers.

 The weighing mechanism of the upper tier is made at least in the form of three vertically directed rods, the upper ends fixed with a plate, and the lower ends with the possibility of vertical movement with the bottom of the hopper through an elastic element resting on one end in the shaped flange of the rod and the other on the bottom of the hopper, a block of weight-converting elements is placed between the stop of the upper part of the rod and the shaped flange. The surface of the plate is made congruent to the bottom surface of the hopper of the weighing device. The elastic element is made in the form of a spring of equal resistance. The rod is provided with flats for the size of an open-end wrench located outside the surface of the block arrangement of the weight-converting elements.

 The weighing mechanism of the lower tier is made of at least three vertically directed rods, the lower ends fixed in ball bearings located in the ball nests of the loading platform, and the upper ones by means of ropes with a hopper lifting mechanism. Each rod of the load-measuring mechanism is made in the form of a body of revolution, and the block of weight-converting elements is placed between the flanges. The core of the weighing mechanism is equipped with flats for the size of an open-end wrench, located outside the surface of the sensors of the weight-converting elements unit.

 The lifting platform lifting mechanism is made in the form of a hydraulic piston on the threaded end of the power cylinder rod, located in the threaded head screwed into the sleeve, on the outer surface of which there is a flange connected by bolts to the bottom of the weighing device's cylindrical frame, and the second threaded end of the power cylinder rod is connected to three-fingered bracket, on the remote parts of which are fixed guide pins located in the guide bushings of the bottom of the cylindrical frame, and in blind threaded holes on the threaded ends of the ropes are screwed to the steering pins, which are connected to the sensors of the lower tier weight measuring mechanism, fixed in the ball joints of the cargo platform, the rope branches being placed on blocks equally mounted on the inner surface in the upper part of the cylindrical frame.

 The lifting platform lifting mechanism is made in the form of three threaded rods kinetically connected to each other by a synchronous rotation mechanism and placed in the threaded sleeves of the three-fingered bracket, and on one of the threaded rods there is a handwheel for driving the threaded rods into rotation and their conical shanks are mated with conical sockets on the lower surface of the bottom of the cylindrical frame, and on the remote parts of the three-fingered bracket fixed guide pins placed in the guide bushings of the bottom of the cylindrical of the carcass, and in blind tapped holes of guide pins are screwed threaded lugs ropes which are connected to the load sensor mechanism of the lower tier, mounted in ball bearings of the loading platform, wherein the branch cables are placed on the blocks, equidistantly mounted on the inner surface of the top of the cylindrical shell. The synchronous rotation mechanism of the threaded rods of the lifting platform of the cargo platform is made in the form of sprockets placed on the lower ends of the threaded rods, the outer contours of which are covered by a sleeve-roller chain, the latter equipped with a tension mechanism. The mechanism of the tension of the sleeve-roller chain is made in the form of a tension roller placed freely on the vertical axis of the oval bracket, which is placed on sliding bearings on one of the pairs of threaded rods.

 The locking mechanism of the weighting mechanism of the lower tier is made in the form of a hydraulic piston on the lower threaded end of the ram of the power cylinder located in the threaded head screwed into the upper part of the liner of the power cylinder of the lifting mechanism of the load platform, and the second threaded end of the rod of the power cylinder is equipped with a conical head mating with a conical nest placed in a cylindrical glass cargo platform. A side block is placed between the conical socket of the cylindrical cup and the upper threaded head of the sleeve of the locking mechanism. Windows are made on the cylindrical surface of the cup providing access to the piston rod nut and conical head of the locking mechanism. The bottom of the hopper is equipped with a threaded cover screwed into a cylindrical glass of the locking mechanism of the load-measuring mechanism of the lower tier. The piston rods of the hydraulic actuators of the lifting platform of the loading platform and the locking mechanism of the weight measuring mechanism of the lower tier are located in one sleeve of the power cylinder, and the rodless cavity of the sleeve is equipped with one fitting and is connected by pipelines and high pressure hoses to the pressure cavity of the combine hydraulic system.

 The hydraulic drive of the lifting platform of the loading platform and the locking mechanism of the weight measuring mechanism of the lower tier is equipped with a shut-off valve located in the hydraulic network of the weighing device and connected by pipelines to the fittings of the rod cavities of the cylinder liner, and a high-pressure sleeve with a spool of the combine distributor. The receiving nipples of the shutoff valve and rodless cavity are located on the lateral surface of the cylindrical frame. The receiving nipples are hydraulically connected by a high pressure sleeve.

 Technological windows are made on the surface of the cylindrical frame, providing access to the load measuring mechanism of the lower tier and to the lifting mechanisms of the load platform and blocking the weight measuring mechanism of the lower tier.

 The mechanism of rotation and emptying of the weighing device hopper is made in the form of a multi-linker, one of the pairs of links of which is represented by a cylindrical gear and a gear sector located on the drive shaft, kinematically connected to the drive cam in rotation of the left axle of the cylindrical frame of the weighing device and with the ram cylinder, the base of which connected to the beam of the lever four-link parallelogram suspension mechanism of the weighing device hopper, and a cylindrical gear is placed on to the splined portion of the left pin of the cylindrical frame. The rod of the power cylinder is equipped with a threaded head with a spherical ring connecting the hydraulic cylinder to the drive cam in rotation of the left axle of the cylindrical frame of the weighing device.

 The locking device of the mechanism for turning and emptying the hopper is made in the form of a screw tie with left and right threads on the inside of the pipe and threaded rods with the named threads, articulated at one end with the axis of the cantilever part of the four-link parallelogram hopper suspension mechanism, and the other quick-release latch with brackets of the cylindrical frame weighing device.

 The additional equipment of the weighing device is made in the form of a mobile frame of different-sized rings with stiffeners placed between them, and on the small ring there is a cylindrical frame of the weighing device, and on the big ring are weather vane brackets with rolling bearings.

 Additional equipment of the weighing device is made in the form of a portable frame with brackets for placing the left and right trunnions of the cylindrical frame and the mechanism for blocking the vertical position of the hopper.

 The mechanism for locking the vertical position of the hopper on the portable frame is made in the form of a spring-loaded lever pivotally mounted on brackets, and a cylindrical ring is placed between the parts of the spring-loaded lever, which grips the three-fingered bracket of the lifting mechanism of the load platform of the weighing device, and the free end of the spring-loaded lever is equipped with a pedal.

 The unit for processing and recording the value of the weight to be weighed is equipped with a large integrated circuit of an analog-to-digital converter, light indicators with digital indication, voltage stabilizers, microcircuits, blocks of weight-converting elements into electrical signals, a two-position packet switch of sensitivity threshold levels and a power supply unit.

 The hopper is equipped with a window for a visual assessment of the degree of filling of its capacity. The hopper is equipped with a guard located at the junction of the hopper and the cylindrical frame of the weighing device. The cylindrical frame is equipped with handles for carrying, mounting and servicing the weighing device.

 The ends of the levers of the four-link parallelogram suspension mechanism are equipped with brackets with pharynx to accommodate the trunnions of the cylindrical frame of the weighing device.

 The weighing device is made in the form of a sectional table, the surface of which is formed from the outer and inner rings, and the outer ring is connected through the threaded cover to the glass of the loading platform and the weighing mechanism of the lower tier, and the inner ring is placed on the rods of the weighing mechanism of the upper tier, and the rods are placed through the side - Units or compression springs of equal resistance in the holes of the flange of the threaded cover.

 The rings of the surface of the sectional table are placed coaxially with the cylindrical frame of the weighing device. The inner ring of the table surface is located above the surface of the outer ring. The outer and inner rings are equipped with flanges and are stamped. The working surface of the inner ring of the surface of the sectional table is provided with a local cylindrical or spherical lowering. The width of the flange of the outer ring is made greater than the stroke of the rod of the power cylinder of the lifting platform of the cargo platform. The threaded cap and the outer ring together with their mutual conjugation are equipped with a technological hole for connecting the block of weight-converting elements of the weight measuring mechanism of the upper tier with the processing unit and recording the value of the weighed mass.

 The implementation of the device for accounting for mowing mass by a selection combine in the form of two-tier weighing mechanisms with two different levels of sensitivity thresholds allows you to expand the measurement range from 1 g to 500 kg, and in the range up to 10 kg, measure with an accuracy of 0.1% with a division value of 1 g, and in the measuring range of 1.500 kg with an accuracy of 0.5% with a division price of 1 kg. Digital marks of the electronic unit for recording and processing information about the size of the weighed mass with digital weight indicators in combination with the mechanisms of the weighing device of the selection combine allow the operator or combine, without leaving the control platform of the combine, to read the weight value with an accuracy of ± 1 kg in measurement ranges up to 500 kg , unload the beveled mass into the vehicle, clean the hopper and return it to its original working position. With the help of a laboratory assistant or an auxiliary worker, it is possible to harvest the harvested selection plots in bags or bags and weigh the mass with an accuracy of 1 g. The section table of the weighing device provides ease of use when weighing long-stemmed crops, sheaves, samples of any type of agricultural crops, as well as their parts.

 A device for accounting for the collected mass of a selection combine contains a number of commercially available units and parts. The latter include the details of the power cylinder of the lifting platform of the cargo platform, the power cylinder of the mechanism for turning and emptying the hopper, high pressure hoses, pipelines for working under pressure up to 200 MPA, supports, silent blocks, springs of equal resistance, standard axes and fingers, cotter pins, pins, pins, pins , stoppers, bolts, washers, nuts, as well as standard radio and electrical components. The remaining parts and assemblies can be manufactured industrially from well-known structural and technical materials. The combination of known and new parts ensures the assembly of the units and mechanisms of the device for accounting for the collected mass and its installation on a four-link parallelogram mechanism of the selection combine.

 Scope: research organizations, experimental stations, breeding and experimental demonstration farms engaged in the cultivation of new varieties of crops, the search for new technologies for growing and cultivating fodder, technical, grain and bread crops, as well as for comparing new agricultural techniques.

 In FIG. 1 shows the proposed harvester, side view; in FIG. 2 same, plan view; in FIG. 3 section AA in figure 1, a diametrical section of a weighing device with a hopper at the time of collection and accumulation of the harvested mass; figure 4 is the same, the position of the weighing device and the hopper when weighing and taking into account the collected mass; figure 5 section BB in figure 3, the relative position of the blocks of the mechanism for lifting the hopper on the cylindrical frame of the weighing device and the weighing mechanism of the upper tier; in Fig.6 section BB in Fig. 4, the position of the sensor of the weighing mechanism of the upper tier at the bottom of the hopper and the placement of a conical plate on the sensor rod; in Fig.7 section GG in Fig.1, the placement of the cylindrical pins of the load-measuring mechanism of the lower tier on the loading platform; on Fig.8 cross-section DD in Fig.3, the connection of the sensor of the load-measuring mechanism of the lower tier with the rope of the lifting mechanism of the loading platform of the hopper with its ball bearing; FIG. 9, section EE in FIG. 3, the placement of guide bushings with pins on the bottom of the cylindrical frame of the weighing device; figure 10 section FJ in figure 4, the mutual connection of the rope, guide sleeve, pin and three-fingered bracket of the lifting mechanism of the load platform; 11, a selection combine with a device for accounting for the collected mass when loading the hopper (a), at the time of weighing (b), when unloading into a vehicle (c), when cleaning and emptying the hopper (d), when collecting and unloading small masses (e) for example ears of cultivar plots; in Fig.12 view along arrow 3 in Fig.11, the placement of the hopper on the lever four-link parallelogram suspension; in Fig.13 section II in Fig.12, the placement of the right trunnion of the cylindrical frame of the weighing device on the lever of the four-link parallelogram suspension of the tilt and empty the hopper; on Fig section KK in Fig.12, the position of the left trunnion of the cylindrical frame of the weighing device on the bracket four-link parallelogram suspension; in Fig.15 node I in Fig.11, the mechanism for tilting and emptying the hopper of the weighing device, side view; in Fig.16 section LL in Fig.15, the placement of the base of the power cylinder of the tilt mechanism and emptying the hopper of the weighing device; in Fig.17 section MM in Fig.15; in Fig.18 cross-section NN in Fig.1, the mechanism for locking the vertical position of the hopper with a cylindrical frame of the weighing device on the levers of a four-link parallelogram suspension of the selection combine; on Fig weighing device with a hopper on a mobile frame when working in warehouse and laboratory conditions; Fig. 20, section О-О in Fig. 19, translation of the weighing device to the working position by the threaded rods of the manual control unit of the lifting mechanism of the hopper loading platform; in FIG. 21 section PP in FIG. 19, a synchronous rotation mechanism of the threaded rods of the manual control unit; in Fig.22 section PP in Fig.21, the tensioner chain transmission mechanism for synchronous lifting of the threaded rods of the manual control unit; in Fig.23 section CC in Fig.2, the relative position of the parts and components of the block of the mechanism for lifting the hopper and the manual control unit of the weighing device when unloading the capacity of the collected mass when working in stationary or laboratory conditions; on Fig weighing device with a hopper on a stationary or portable frame when working in the autumn-winter period in laboratory conditions with a mechanism for locking the vertical position of the hopper; in Fig.25 the same side view (arrows indicate the direction of inclination of the hopper to empty its tank); in Fig.26 a cross section TT of Fig.24, a mechanism for locking the vertical position of the hopper, a plan view; in Fig.27 cross section YU in Fig.25, the mechanism for locking the vertical position of the hopper, side view; in Fig.28 node II in Fig.25, the bracket of the cylindrical frame of the weighing device, side view; on Fig section FF in fig. 24, the position of the pistons in the power cylinder of the lifting mechanism of the hopper and shut-off valve in the network of high-pressure hoses and pipelines with stem cavity fittings when weighing the collected mass in laboratory conditions; in FIG. 30 is a circuit diagram of a processing unit and recording the value of the weighed mass; on Fig weighing device for measuring the masses of sheaf material and samples of long-stemmed crops, plan view; on Fig the same side view; in Fig.33 section X-X in Fig.31, the relative position of the tables of the weighing mechanisms of the upper and lower tiers.

 The proposed combine consists of a frame 1, a running gear 2, an engine group 3 with a gearbox 4, a header 5, an inclined longitudinal conveyor 6, a weighing device 7, a hopper 8 and a four-link parallelogram mechanism 9 of the suspension device 7. The header 5 contains a reel 10, a cutting apparatus 11 and screw conveyor 12.

 On the L-shaped bracket 13 of the frame 1 of the combine, an I-shaped beam 14 is fixed on which pairs of cranks 15 and the rocker arm 16 of the mechanism 9 are pivotally mounted. At the bottom of the pairs of cranks 15 and the rocker arm 16 the I-shaped rod 17 is pivotally connected to the H-shaped lever 18 of the weighing device 7 (see Fig. 12). On the upper part of the frame 1, the base of the master cylinder 19 is placed, the rod of which is pivotally connected to the crank 15. The lower part of the crank 15 is provided with an axis 20 for accommodating the mechanism for locking the position of the hopper 21 (see Figs. 1, 11 and 18).

 The weighing device 7 (see Fig. 3-10) is made by an autonomous unit and can be installed both on the H-shaped lever 18 of the mechanism 9 of the selection combine (see Figs. 1, 2, 11 and 12), and independently on a special mobile frame 22 (see Fig.19) or on a stationary support 23 (see Fig.24 and 25). The weighing device 7 is made on the principle of "scales in scales" and contains a cylindrical frame 24, in the lower part of which on the outer cylindrical surface the left 25 and right 26 trunnions are fixed with welds. The trunnions 25 and 26 on the frame 24 are mounted coaxially. At the bottom of the frame 24, a bolt 27 with a countersunk head secures a flange 28 of the power two-piston cylinder 29 of the hopper lifting mechanism 8. The seats of the power cylinder 29 and the frame 24 provide mutual alignment (see Figs. 3, 4 and 9). On the free surface of the bottom of the cylindrical frame 24 between its inner wall 30 and the flange 28 of the power two-piston cylinder 29, three equally spaced guide sleeves 31 are placed. On the lower rod 32 of the power cylinder 29, the piston 35 is secured with a washer 33 and the nut 36, the washers 37 and 38 a three-fingered bracket 39 is fixed. The lower stem 32 is located in the head 40. The head 40 is screwed into the lower part of the cylinder liner 41. The rubber ring 42 seals the connection of the head 40 with the cylinder liner 41. Sealing rings are installed in the head 40 tsa 42 of the lower rod 32 and the wiper rubber frame ring 43. Fittings 44-46 are welded to the outer surface of the cylinder 23 and communicate with the inner cavity of the sleeve 41. The piston 35, having a diameter of 40 mm and a stroke of 150 mm, moves along the polished surface of the sleeve 41 of the power cylinder 29. Two rubber o-rings 47 installed in the grooves of the piston 35 and the o-ring 48 eliminate the flow of oil from the pressure cavity into the drain cavity. The flat 49 at the lower end of the rod 32 provides for the assembly of the piston 35 with the rod 32, as well as the three-fingered bracket 39 by means of nuts 33 and 36 at the threaded ends of the rod 32.

 On the upper rod 50 of the actuator 29, a piston 51 is placed in its lower part, which is fixed by a washer 52 and a cotter nut 53. In the upper part of the rod 50 by a nut 54 and washer 55, the conical head 56 of the locking mechanism 8 is fixed on the cylindrical frame 24 of the weighing device 7. Upper the rod 50 is located in the threaded head 57. The head 57 is screwed into the upper part of the cylinder liner 41. The rubber ring 58 seals the connection of the head 57 to the cylinder 29. O-rings 59 of the rod 50 and the wiper rubber frame are installed in the head 57 tso 60. A piston 51 having a diameter of 40 mm and a stroke of 200 mm, moving on the ground surface 41 of the cylinder liner 29. Two rubber O-ring 61 mounted in the piston bore 51 and sealing ring 62 eliminates the oil flow from the pressure cavity to cavity discharge.

 In the initial position, the cone head 56 of the hopper locking mechanism 8 on the cylindrical frame 24 is coupled with a conical socket 63 screwed into the body of the cup 64. In the lower part of the cup 54, a cargo platform 65 is fixed with welds on the peripheral part of the cargo platform 65. three ball sockets 66 are placed from each other and are connected to the loading platform 65 by closed welds. In the ball nests 66 through the vertical slots introduced ball bearings 67 to accommodate the load-measuring mechanism of the lower tier.

 A threaded cap 68 is screwed into the upper part of the cup 64, which is connected by spot welds to the bottom of the hopper 8. Windows 69 are made on the outer cylindrical surface of the cup 64 and provide access to the nut 54 of the rod 50 of the actuator 29.

 The three-fingered bracket 39 (see FIGS. 3, 4, 9 and 10) of the hopper lifting mechanism 8 is provided with three cylindrical holes 70, and three threaded holes 72 are made in the tides 71. Guide pins 72 of the lower tier weight measuring mechanism are located in the cylindrical holes 70. The ends of the guide pins 73 with external thread are located in the holes 70 and interconnected by washers 74 and 75, as well as nuts 76. The second end of the guide pin 73 is provided with a blind threaded hole 77 into which the threaded end 78 of the cable 79 is screwed. The end of the cable 19 is pressed in the cylindrical sleeve 80 of the threaded tip 78. The middle part of the tip 78 contains a hexagon 81 for the size of an open end wrench. The guide sleeve 31 and the pin 73 are made of hardened steel and steel without heat treatment, respectively, providing a pair of sliding.

The second end of the rope 79 (see figure 3, 4, 7 and 8) of the lifting mechanism of the hopper 8 is pressed into a cylindrical sleeve 82, which ends with a hexagon 83 for the size of an open end wrench. A blind threaded hole 84 is made in the end part of the hexagon 83. The hexagon 63 of the rope 79 is connected via a threaded pin 85 to the sensor 86 of the load measuring mechanism of the lower tier. On the opposite side of the sensor 86 there is a cylindrical pin 87 located in the hole of the ball bearing 67. The sensor 86 is connected to the ball bearing 67 through the flange 88 of the sensor 86 and the washers 89 and 90, and also interconnected by a nut 91. When screwing the nut 91 onto the threaded pin 92 the sensor 86 is held behind the flats 93 with an open-end wrench. Lask 94 serves to connect the sensor 86 with the hexagonal threaded sleeve 83 of the rope 79. The flats 93 and 94 eliminate torsional deformation on the body 95 of the sensor 86. The surface of the body 95 of the sensor 86 is polished. Sensor material 86 steel 65HGS GOST 1050-74. The body 95 of the sensor 86 is hardened to 70 HRC _e . Flange 96 eliminates damage to the glued strain gauge sensors on the body 95 when the load measuring mechanism of the lower tier is moved from the working position when weighing the harvested crop to the hopper unloading position 8. The lateral surface of the cylindrical frame 24 is provided with windows 97 that provide access to the sensors 86 of the lower tier weight measuring mechanism (see Fig.7).

The ropes 79 of the lower tier weight measuring mechanism in the upper part of the cylindrical frame 24 (see FIGS. 3-5) are placed on the blocks 98. Each block 98 is located on the axis 99. A sliding bearing 100 is pressed into the sleeve of the block 98. The axis 99 is located in the U-shaped bracket 101. From the axial displacement, the axis 99 of the block 98 is limited by washers 102 and 103, and also fixed by a nut 104. On the inner surface of the cylindrical frame 24, the U-shaped brackets 101 are fixed by means of countersunk bolts 105, washers 106 and 107 and nuts 108. Such a constructive implementation of the weighing mechanism of the lower tier allows us to ensure the normal operation of the weighing device at the maximum slopes of the field surface to ± 45 ^o , and when harvesting in the hopper 8 to be securely fixed m the lock mechanism of the hopper 8 on the cylindrical frame 24 of the weighing device 7.

 In the holes 109 of the bottom of the hopper 8 and on the periphery of the threaded cover 68 (see Fig. 3-6) are the rods 110 of the weighing mechanism of the upper tier. A threaded pin 111 is provided in the lower part of the rod 110. The middle part of the rod 110 is provided with a shaped flange 112. The upper part of the rod 110 is provided with a support 113 with a blind threaded hole 114. A side block 116 is placed between the shaped flange 112 and the figured washer 115, which is fixed to the cover 68 by means of washers 117 and 118 and nuts 119. The fixed position of the shaft 110 on the threaded cover 68 is achieved by turning the shaft 110 by the flats 120 with the open end wrench, as well as when assembling them. A conical plate 121 is installed on the supports 113, the position of which is fixed by screws 122 screwed into the blind threaded holes 114. On the surface 123 of the rod 110 are placed strain gauge resistance sensors connected to the bridge circuit of the unit for processing and recording information of the weighted mass value.

 The hopper 8 (see FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 11) is provided with a hinged lid 124. For ease of maintenance, the lid 124 is provided with a handle 125. The lid 124 is detachable and pivotally connected to the hopper 8. The hopper 8 is made cylindrical, and its base conical. The walls of the hopper 8 are provided with windows for a visual assessment of the degree of filling. The bottom of the hopper 8 is connected by spot welding with a threaded cover 68 of the mechanism for locking the position of the hopper 8 on the cylindrical frame 24. The conical surface of the plate 121 is made congruent to the bottom surface of the hopper 8 and, when the measured mass exceeds 10 kg, is fully mated to the conical surface of the bottom of the hopper 8. side blocks 116 or an elastic element in the form of a spring of equal resistance are deformed within elasticity, and the rods 110 are protected from critical loads. The conical part of the hopper 8 is equipped with a enclosing casing 126, preventing the ingress of foreign bodies and part of the harvested crop into the cylindrical frame 24. The cylindrical frame 24 is equipped with handles for transferring the weighing device.

 The weighing device 7 with the hopper 8 (see Figs. 11-17) is hung by means of the left pin 25 and the right pin 26 on the beams 127 and 128 of the H-shaped lever 18. For this, the beam 128 is provided with a slot with a width equal to the diameter of the right pin 26. B at the end of the beam 128, a sliding bearing 129 is placed, the flange of which on the beam 128 is bolted 130 with spring washers 131. The left axle 25 of the weighing device 7 on the beam 127 is installed in the same way. The difference is that the trunnion is first inserted into the slots of the brackets 132 and 133, and then into the beam 127. On the side faces of the brackets 132 and 133, threaded holes 134 and 135 are made for mounting pairs of plain bearings 136 and 137, 138 and 139.

 On the beam 127 of the N-shaped lever 18 there is a mechanism for tilting and emptying the hopper 8 (see FIGS. 15-17), which contains a power hydraulic cylinder 140, the rod 141 of which is kinematically connected with the drive cam 142 to rotate the left axle 25 of the hopper 8. The power cylinder 140 of the mechanism for tilting and emptying the hopper 8 consists of a sleeve 143 and a bottom 144 welded to it with a hole for mounting the cylinder 140 on the beam 127. By the bottom of the bottom 144, in which the spherical ring 145 is installed, the cylinder 140 is connected by an axis 146 with brackets 147 mounted on the beam 127 welds. Between the spherical ring 145 and the brackets 147, spacers 148 are placed on the axis 146. From the axial displacement, the axis 146 in the brackets 147 is limited by the checks 149 and washers 150. Fittings 151 are welded to the cylinder 140 and communicate with the internal cavity of the cylinder 140 through channels drilled in the sleeve 143 .

 A piston 152 having a diameter of 40 mm and a stroke of 150 mm moves along the grinding surface of the sleeve 143 of the cylinder 140. Two rubber o-rings 153 installed in the grooves of the piston 152, and the o-ring 154 eliminate the flow of oil from the pressure cavity into the drain cavity.

 The head 155 is screwed into the sleeve 143 of the cylinder 140. A rubber ring 156 seals the connection of the head 155 to the cylinder 140. The head 155 has the o-rings 157 of the rod 141 and the wiper ring rubber 158.

 A rod 141 with a diameter of 14 mm is mounted on the piston 152 with a cotter nut 159. A head 160 with a spherical ring 161 is screwed onto the outer end of the rod141, connecting the hydraulic cylinder 140 to the fork cam 142, in which the shaft 162 of the tilt and empty mechanism of the hopper is installed 8. The length of the rod 141 is regulated by unscrewing or by screwing the head 160 according to the installation size of the cylinder 140 for the vertical placement of the hopper 8. In the adjusted position, the head 160 is countered by the nut 163. In the head 160, a spherical ring 164 is mounted on the axis 165 of the cam 142. The axial displacement of the axis 165 on the cam 142 is limited by washers 166 and retaining rings 167 in the grooves of the axis 165.

 The shaft 162 of the tilting and emptying mechanism of the hopper 8 is housed in sliding bearings 138 and 139, bolted to the threaded holes 135 of the brackets 132 and 133. The shaft 162 is stepped and has cylindrical splines 168 and 169 on its surface. A sleeve 170 is placed on the splines 168 bracket 142.

 On the cantilever part of the slots 169, a splined sleeve 171 of the gear sector 172 is fixed. The mutual connection of the shaft 162, the splined sleeve 170 of the lever 142, the sliding bearings 138 and 139 on the bracket 132 and 133, the splined sleeve 171 of the gear sector 172 engages with the teeth of the gear 177 with its teeth located on the spline portion 178 of the left pin 25. The movement of the gear 177 on the splines 178 of the left pin 25 is limited by washers 179 and 180, as well as by a nut 181 on the threaded shank 182. Plain bearings 136 and 137, bolted 183 in the threaded holes 134 of the brackets 132 and 133, provide rotation of the weighing device 7 together with the hopper 8 to any angle, both when loading the hopper 8, and when weighing the collected mass, and when completely unloading the considered crop or cleaning the hopper 8.

When harvesting breeding plots of their area, as a rule, are small and do not exceed 1. 4 m ² . The value of the harvest does not exceed 8.10 kg. For subsequent analysis, the considered mass is packaged in laboratory bags. In this case, the hopper 8 is transferred to the unloading position (see Fig. 11, the position of the hopper 8 in position d) by simply tilting the weighing device 7 with the hopper 8. The tilt and emptying mechanism of the hopper 8 with the power cylinder 140 is put into the "floating" position, t .e. through the hydroshock of the hydraulic system of the selection combine, connect the rod and rodless cavities of the sleeve 143 of the power cylinder 140 through the fitting 151. On the axis 20 (see Figs. 1, 11, 18 and 29) in the console part of the crank 15, a mechanism 21 for locking the vertical position of the hopper 8 is mounted. Free the end of the screw 184 of the locking mechanism 21 is connected by a quick-release latch 185 to the brackets 185 and 187. The brackets 186 and 187 are fixed by welds on the outer surface of the cylindrical frame 24 of the weighing device 7. The bracket 187 is made U-shaped, on one of the faces of which there is a circular hole with a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the retainer pin 185, and on the other side the retainer finger pin 185, and on the other side a slot for the free passage of the fixation plate 188 185. The mechanism for blocking the vertical position of the hopper 8 includes a screw 184 with a left-hand thread a nut 189, a knob 190, and a screw 191 with a right-hand thread. The screw 191 is placed on the axis 20 and cotter-plated.

 The weighing device 7 with the hopper 8, when supplied with additional equipment, can work during dismantling from the selection combine in laboratory conditions, in warehouses, when performing research and other types of work. For this, the weighing device 7 is placed on a special mobile frame 22 (see Fig. 19). The mobile frame 22 is made in the form of two disk rings 192 and 193 with three stiffening ribs 194 placed between them. On the lower ring 193, weathervane brackets 195 are installed with rolling bearings 196, which are located on the axes 197 of the brackets 195. On the upper disk ring 192, holes are made in which the threaded ends of the guide pins 73 are placed. The three-fingered bracket 39 rests with peripheral sections on the flat surface of the disk ring 192.

 To transfer the weighing device 7 to the operating position (see Fig. 19-22), it is equipped with a block 198 for manual control of the lifting mechanism of the loading platform 65 with the synchronous rotation mechanism of the threaded rods 199-201. Block 198 contains three threaded pins 199-201 located in the threaded holes 72 of the tides 71 of the three-fingered bracket 39. The ends of the threaded pins 199-201 are based on the spherical heads of the countersunk bolts 27 of the fastening of the flange 28 of the power cylinder 29 on the cylindrical frame 24. On the square shanks 202- 204 threaded pins 199-201 posted hubs 205 sprockets 206 chain transmission 207 synchronous rotation mechanism of threaded rods 199-201. A handwheel 208 with a handle 209 is placed on the threaded pin 199 below the hub 205 of the sprocket 206 to drive the control unit 198 of the lifting platform 65 mechanism. The sprockets 206 with hubs 205 and the handwheel 208 on the threaded pins 199-201 are secured with nuts 210 through washers 211 and 212 The required tension of the chain 207 is achieved by the tension roller: the sleeve-roller chain tension mechanism 207, which is located on the vertical axis 214. A sliding bearing 215 is pressed into the sleeve of the tension roller 213. The axis 214 is fixed by nuts 216 and 217 in the oval slots 218 of the strips 219 and 220. The strips 210 and 220 are contact-welded to the oval bracket 221. On the upper face of the oval bracket 221, bearings 223 and 224 are connected by braces 222. Bearings 223 and 224 are located on the cylindrical part of the threaded pins 200 and 201.

 To exclude oil losses from the cavity of the power cylinder 29, the nipples 44 and 46 are connected by the oil pipes 225 and 226 with the fittings 227 and 228 of the shut-off valve 229. The pipes of the oil pipelines 225 and 226 are equipped with union nuts 230 located on the nipples 231. A shut-off valve 229 connecting the rod cavities the power cylinder 29, lock the oil in both cavities and fix the position of the pistons 35 and 51 and their rods 32 and 50 in the desired position depending on the work performed. The shutoff valve 229 has the following device. The housing 232 of the valve 229 is connected to the cylindrical frame 24 of the weighing device 7 by means of a nut 233 screwed onto the threaded portion 234 of the housing 232. The threaded portion 234 of the housing 232 of the valve 228 ends with a fitting 235. The fitting 235 is connected to the central hose of the high pressure sleeve 236 (see FIG. 29), supplying oil from the distributor of the hydraulic system of the selection combine, and with tubes 225 and 226, through which oil flows to both cavities of the hydraulic cylinder 29. A spindle 238 with a tapered shank 239 is screwed into the internal threaded portion 237 of the housing 232 it is inserted into the saddle 240 of the housing 232. The spindle 238 has two grooves for the sealing rings 241. The spindle 238 has a square shank 242 for the size of the mouth of the open end wrench. In the housing 232 from the spindle 238, a wiper washer 243 and a lock ring 244 are located.

 The fitting 45 is connected by an oil pipe 245 by means of union nuts 230 on the nipples 231 with the inlet fitting 246 on the cylindrical frame 24. The fitting 246 on the cylindrical frame 24 is fixed by a nut 247. When fitting the weighing device 7 on the selector harvester, the high pressure sleeves connect it to the discharge cavity with a hydraulic hose . When using the weighing device 7 in stand-alone mode when carrying out research in the autumn-winter period, the fittings 235 and 246 are connected with the union nuts 248 of one high pressure sleeve 236 (see Figs. 23 and 29).

 On Fig shows a variant of the design of the weighing device 7. To exclude shock loads on the head 57 glued side block 249, which with the retracted upper rod 50 in the sleeve 41 of the power cylinder 29 is placed between the conical socket 63 of the Cup 64 and the head 57 of the power cylinder 29 The threaded rods 199-201 with their tapered shanks 250 are supported in the conical seats 251, which are welded to the bottom of the cylindrical frame 24. In this position, the parts of the weighing device 7 weigh the assembled th weight less than 10 kg, and are weighing mechanism of the upper tier.

 When measuring a large number of masses, the weighing device 7 with the hopper 8 is placed on a stationary support 23 (see Figs. 24-27 and 29), which contains a plate 252 with stops 253. On the plate 252 there are racks 254 reinforced with scarves 255. Racks 254 have slots for accommodating the trunnions 25 and 26 of the weighing device 7. Brackets 256 are connected to the plate 252 by welded seams. On the bracket 256, by means of the axis 257, a lever 258 of the mechanism for locking the vertical position of the hopper is placed 8. The lever 258 is provided with a ring 259, a leash 260 and a pedal 261. Under the lever 258 posted elastic element 262, s Fastening rivets 252 to the plate 263. A ring 259 fixes the upright hopper 8 with a weighing device 7, holding the latter in position for three-toed bracket projecting portion 39.

 The unit for recording and processing information of the weighed mass, the circuit diagram is shown in Fig. 30, can be placed on the control panel of the selection processor or duplicated on the vertical wall of the hopper 8 of the weighing device 7. The unit for recording and processing information of the weighted mass receives power from the electrical network of the selection processor voltage of 12 V, or from six batteries with a total voltage of 9 V, or when working in a hospital, from an AC network with a rated voltage of 220 V.

 The strain gauge resistance sensors R24-R27 are placed on the surface of the body 95 of the sensor 86 of the lower tier of the weighing mechanism, the sensors R24 and R25 are glued one at a time along the axis of the sensors 86, and both sensors R26 and R27 are glued across the axis of the body 95 of the sensor 86. The strain gauge sensors R24-R27 resistances are connected in a bridge circuit.

 In the upper part of the rod 110 between the support 113 and the shaped flange 112 of the upper tier of the weighing mechanism, resistance strain gauges R28-R31 are placed, which form the load chain of the upper tier. The strain gauge resistance sensors R28 and R29 are glued to the body of the rods 110 along the axis of the sensors, and the sensors R30 and R31 are transverse to the axis of the third rod 110. The strain gauge resistance sensors R24-R27 and R29-R31 are connected alternately by a two-position packet switch 260 sensitivity threshold levels. In addition to the above details, the information recording and processing unit of the weighing device 7 (see Fig. 30) contains a microcircuit 261 (DD1), made in a 40-pin package, and is a large integrated circuit of the analog-to-digital converter КР 572 PV2, four indicator lights 262 (HG1 , HG2, HG3 and HG4) type ALS 333B, voltage regulator at 5V, made with elements VT1, VT3, VD1 and VD2, voltage regulator at -5 V, assembled on transistors VT4-VT6-VD3-VD5 using chip 263 (DD2 ) type K 561 LN2, operational amplifier 264 (DA1) type K152 UD2 and t the resistor bridge 265, assembled on resistors R24-R31 with a nominal resistance of 100 ohms. The unit is powered by a 12 V combine harvester battery through a toggle switch 266, from 267 batteries through a toggle switch 268, from an AC mains through a step-down transformer 269, a diode bridge 270 and a toggle switch 271. The rated operation of the unit is indicated by light indicators 272 and 273.

 Weighing of sheaf material and samples of long-stalked crops in the hopper 8 of the weighing device 7 causes certain difficulties when loading and removing them from the hopper 8. To reduce the complexity of the work on metering from the plots and determine the biological mass, the weighing device 7 is equipped with a sectional table (see Fig. 31-33), the surface of which is formed from the outer ring 274 and the inner ring 275. The outer ring 274 is connected through a threaded cap 68 to the glass 64 of the loading platform 65 and to the weight measuring rods 86 of the lower tier mechanism. The inner ring 275 is placed on the rods 110 of the upper tier weighing mechanism and secured with screws 122. The rods 110 are placed by means of springs of equal resistance 276 in the holes 109 of the flange of the threaded cover 68. The wide base of the spring of equal resistance 276 rests in the figured washer 155, and its upper, small base shaped flange 112 of the rod 110. The outer ring 274 and the inner ring 275 of the sectional table of the weighing device 7 are placed coaxially with the cylindrical frame 24. The inner ring 275 of the table surface is placed in Chez outer surface 274. The outer ring 274 and inner ring 275 provided with flanges 277 and 278. The latter are formed integrally with the rings 274 and 275 by punching sheet metal.

 The working surface of the inner ring 278 of the surface of the sectional table is provided with a local cylindrical 279 or spherical lowering. This causes certain convenience when weighing parts of the sample panicles, baskets, ears, tubers, etc. The elimination of foreign objects inside the cylindrical frame 24 of the weighing device 7 is achieved by the fact that the width of the flange 277 of the outer ring 274 is more than the rod code 50 of the lifting cylinder 29 of the lifting mechanism cargo platform 65. The threaded cover 68 and the outer ring 274 in the place of their mutual conjugation are provided with a technological hole for supplying a shielded cable of the block of weight-converting elements weight measuring mechanism of the upper tier with a processing unit and recording the value of the weighed mass.

 In the operation of the weighing device 7 of the selection combine, there are six fundamentally different work options.

1) Cleaning the plots of laboratory field experiments to determine the actual value of the green mass yield in technological experiments. The width of the plots is not more than 2 m, and their length is not less than 50 m. In irrigated agriculture, technological experiments are placed under the wings of the DDA-100MA sprinkler, providing equal rain intensity along the length of the farm and a wide range of irrigation rates. The plot area of each experiment should be at least 25 m ² or multiples of it (50, 75, 100 m ² ), which is required by the reliability of experimental data for each experiment. The repetition of the experiments is not less than 5 times. The limits of measurements are 1. 500 kg. The green mass from the accounting plots is collected in the hopper 8 of the weighing device 7. Unloading the filled hopper 8 is carried out by lifting the weighing device 7 with a four-link parallelogram suspension 9 and turning the cylindrical frame 24 by the tilt and empty mechanism of the hopper 8 onto the platform with the sides of any vehicle (trailer tractor cart, body vehicle, the capacity of the feeder, etc.) (see Fig. 110 positions a, b, c). Weighing accuracy ± 1 kg. Measurement Accuracy ± 0.5%
2) Cleaning of breeding plots with a record area of 1.4 m ² and a weight of not more than 10 kg. The hopper 8 is unloaded by simply turning the hopper 8 with the weighing device 7 in the sliding bearings 136, 137 and 129 of the left 25 and right 26 trunnions of the cylindrical frame 24 at the initial position of the four-link parallelogram - there is a lot of suspension 9 (see Fig. 11, the position of the hopper 8 in positions a and d). Weighing accuracy ± 1 g, and measurement error not more than 0.1%
3) Weighing bags and pouches with seeds, parts of plants and their samples in laboratory conditions when removing the weighing device 7 from a selection combine and installing it on a special mobile frame 22 with measurement limits of up to 10 kg and an accuracy of ± 1 g (see Fig. 19 )

 4) Weighing grain, mineral fertilizers, related components during research related to the threshing of panicles, ears, baskets, ears in a stationary thresher with a mass of threshing products up to 200 kg for the preparation of material balance equations when installing weighing device 7 on a stationary support 23 (see Fig.24 and 25).

 5) Weighing of long-stemmed crops and sheaf material on a special table of the weighing device. When weighing this type of crops, the weight measuring mechanism of the lower tier works with measurement limits up to 500 kg (see Figs. 31-33).

 6) Weighing on the sectional table of individual samples, samples, stems and parts of plants by the weighing mechanism of the upper tier with measurement limits up to 10 kg with an accuracy of ± 1 g (see Fig.31-33).

 Before starting the work of a selective harvester during the harvesting of laboratory plots of field experiments or when conducting research in the autumn-winter period, the device is adjusted accordingly to take into account the collected mass and adjust its mechanisms and units.

The procedure for preparing a selective harvester for harvesting green mass from the plots of technological experiments in order to determine the actual yield on the area of one experiment up to 100 m ² or plots multiple to it is as follows.

The weighing device 7 with the hopper 8 should be appropriately placed on the H-shaped lever 18. The mechanism 21 for locking the fixed position of the hopper 8 should be demonstrated from a four-link parallelogram suspension mechanism 9 (see Figs. 1 and 2). With the retracted rod 141 of the actuator 140 of the tilt and empty mechanism of the hopper 8, the outer wall of the cylindrical frame 24 of the weighing device 7 should be located vertically. If the hopper 8 is tilted forward or backward with respect to the combine, then lock nut 163 should be unscrewed from the threaded part of the rod 141, while having previously unfastened its head 160. Rotate the rod 14 with a open-end wrench and change the position of the cam 142 in the necessary direction. The position of the hopper 8 controlled by a plumb, placed next to one of the side walls of the hopper 8. In this case, a pair of cranks 15 and the rocker arm 16 of the suspension 9 in the form of a volumetric parallelogram mechanism should be in a vertical position (see Fig. 16 and 1). For convenience in the operation of the harvester, the hinged cover 124 is removed from the hopper 8. The rod 32 of the power cylinder 29 is fully retracted into the sleeve 41 so that the three-fingered bracket 39 of the lifting mechanism of the load platform 65 rests three points on the end parts of the guide sleeves 31 (see figure 3) . After that, an extension cord with the indicated polarity "+" and "-" connects the electrical outlet of the selector harvester to the outlet of the unit for recording and processing information of the weighed mass, the circuit diagram of which is shown in Fig. 30. When the toggle switch 266 is turned on, the current from the battery of the combine or engine generator 3 enters the voltage stabilizers of the unit at “+5 V” and “-5 V”, then to the operational amplifier 264, as well as to the strain gauge bridge 265 assembled on resistors R24-R31 with rated resistance of 100 ohms. Next, the current flows to the on-off packet switch 260 and to the chip 261, and from it to the indicator lights 262. By switching the packet switch 260 so that the resistance sensors R24-R27 will be connected to the bridge circuit of the lower beam weight measuring mechanism. When the rods 95 of the sensors 86 are completely unloaded, the lower tier weighing mechanism light indicators 262 should highlight zero marks. For other indications of the light indicators 262, rotate the potentiometer R23 and achieve zero marks in the light indicators 262. After that, the handle of the spool valve of the selector combine oil flows through the high pressure hoses and pipelines into the nozzle 45 in the rodless cavity of the power cylinder 29 (see Fig. 4). When filling the rodless cavity of the power cylinder 29 with oil, the pistons 35 and 51 begin to move along the polished surface of the sleeve 41 of the power cylinder 29. The piston 35 moves the rod 32, entraining the three-fingered bracket 39, and with three guide pins 73, moving out of the guide sleeves 31 of the bottom of the cylindrical frame 24, moves the lower ends of the ropes 79 behind them. The movement of the ropes 79 and their tension, placed on the blocks 98 in the upper part of the cylindrical frame 24, shifts the upper end of the ropes 79, and with them the body 95 of the rods eobrazuyuschih sensors weighing mechanism 95 of the lower tier. The body 95 of the rods through the ball bearings 67 and the ball seats 66 raise the load platform 65, and the sensors 95 sense the weight of the empty hopper 8 with a threaded cover 68 and a cup 64. At the same time with the piston 35, the piston moves in the opposite direction upward under pressure from the spool valve oil 51 in the sleeve 41, dragging the rod 50 behind itself. The conical head 56 of the hopper locking mechanism 8 on the cylindrical frame 24 rises above the conical socket 63, completely freeing the cup 64. Therefore, the sensors 95 are weighted Only the empty weight of the hopper 8 is perceived by the measuring elements of the weighing mechanism of the lower tier, and the unlocking of the fixed position of the cup 64 provides a strictly vertical position of the body 95 of the sensor rods 86 regardless of the position of the combine on the field surface and the magnitude of its slopes. When field gradients relief body 45 ^about rods 95 vesopreobrazuyuschih sensor 86 is disposed vertically, thereby eliminating the error in determining the actual weight of the harvested crops. The operator or the combiner captures from the digital indicators the value of the empty mass of the hopper 8 and puts the measurement results in the field log. After that, the combiner transfers the handle of the slide valve controlling the power cylinder 29 to the “lower” position and pressurized oil flows simultaneously through the nipples 44 and 46 into the rod cavities of the sleeve 41. When oil is supplied to the nipple 44, the piston 35 with the rod 40 moves into the sleeve 41, moving the three-toed bracket 39 with it. The guide pins 73 slide into the guide bushings 31 of the bottom of the cylindrical frame 24. Under the weight of the hopper 8, the threaded cover 68 and the cup 64, the ropes 79 are rolled on the blocks 98 until the conical socket 63 of the cup 64 comes in contact with the ends the rest of the head 57 of the master cylinder 29. Further, the ropes 79 are freed from the load and lie on the blocks 98 in a relaxed position. Moving the piston 51 with the rod 50 in the sleeve 41 leads to a downward movement of the conical head 56, which comes into contact with the conical socket 63 of the cup 64 and blocks the position of the hopper 8 on the cylindrical frame 24. The mutual position of the load-measuring mechanism and the hopper 8 is shown in figure 3. The harvester is ready to go.

 A selection harvester with a device for accounting for the collected mass works as follows.

 On the selected gear of the gearbox and the engine 3 running, the combine directs the header 5 to the plot of the harvested green mass of agricultural crops (see Figs. 1 and 2). Reel strips 10 separate portions of the stems from the total mass of plants and send them to the cutting apparatus 11. Cut stems with the same reel 10 reel are placed on the screw conveyor 12. By turns of the screw conveyor 12, the plant stems move to the unloading window of the header 5. The longitudinal inclined conveyor 6 stems from the unloading window of the header 5 is sent to the hopper 8. When filling the hopper 8 with plant mass, the combine stops the combine and weighs the plant mass. To do this, he puts the handle of the spool valve of the combine into the "Rise" position. Oil under pressure through pipelines and high-pressure hoses enters the receiving nozzle 246, fixed with a nut 247 on the outer wall of the cylindrical frame 24, and from the nozzle 246 through the pipe 245 and through the union nut 230 through the pipe into the fitting 45 of the sleeve 41 of the power cylinder 29 (see. Fig. 23). Under oil pressure, pistons 35 and 51 with their rods 32 and 50 begin to move in opposite directions: piston 35 with rod 32 down, piston 51 with rod 50 up. The movement of the piston 51 with the rod 50 leads to the lifting of the upper part of the rod 50 together with the conical head 56 of the locking mechanism of the hopper 8 on the cylindrical frame 24. The conical head 56 rises above the conical socket 63, which is screwed into the lower threaded portion of the cup 64 of the hopper 8. Moving the conical head 56 above the conical seat 63 completely free the hopper 8 from the cylindrical frame 24.

 Moving the piston 35 together with the rod 32 down the polished surface of the sleeve 41 of the power cylinder 29 leads to the removal of the three-fingered bracket 39 from the cylindrical frame 24. The guide pins 73, mounted on the remote ends of the three-fingered bracket 39, move down in the guide bushings 31. Together with the guide pins 73 the threaded ends 78 of the ropes 79 are moved downward. This movement first selects the slack of the ropes 79 and then pulls them. Since the branches of the ropes 79 are placed on the blocks 98, the movement of one branches of the ropes 79 downward leads to the movement of the other branches of the same rope 79 upward. The second ends of the ropes 79 pressed into the bushings 82 lead to the movement of the threaded pins 85 (see Fig. 8) of the sensors 86 of the lower tier weighing mechanism, which through their cylindrical pins 87, ball bearings 67 and ball seats 66 move up the loading platform 65. Three rods 95 of sensors 86 are enough for the loading platform 65, together with the cup 64 and the hopper 8, to occupy a stable vertical position in the cylindrical frame 24. With the loading platform 65 fully raised, the cone head 56 is located with a large zorom conical seat 63 over cup 64, thereby providing a vertical position of the hopper 8 inside the cylindrical frame 24 regardless of the slope surface of the harvested plots (see FIG. 4 and 3). In this position, the weight of the hopper 8 with the green mass from the sloping part of the plot is distributed to the body 95 of the sensors 86 of the weighing mechanism of the lower tier. The 95 rods of weight-converting sensors 86 glued on the surface of the body 86 strain gauge resistance sensors R24-R27 record the linear tensile strain of the rods and this transforms the mass of the hopper 8 with the plot yield into electrical signals that are removed from the strain gauge bridge 265. The mismatch voltage is removed from the diagonal of the bridge 265, which fed to operational amplifier 264 (YES1). There it is amplified and fed to the input of the microcircuit 261 (DD1). The operational amplifier 264 supplies a voltage proportional to the acting force to the sensor rods 86. The amplified signal is fed to the input of the chip 261 DD1, for example, KR 572 PV 2), it is converted and supplied to the elements of a digital indicator. Microcircuit 261 (DD1) is made in a 40-pin package and is a large integrated circuit of an analog-to-digital converter KR 572 PB2. An amplified input signal charges the capacitor. The charge time is changed by a counter, the output signals of which are supplied to digital indicators 262 (HG1-HG4). This voltage falls on the capacitor C3, connected between the terminals of the DD1 chip, and exemplary voltage is applied to its other terminals. When comparing these voltages, the chip 261 gives us digital values proportional to the measured weight. The numbers are displayed using four indicators HG-1-HG-4 type ALS 333 B. They are connected directly to the terminals of the chip (see Fig. 30), where the output current is 5-7 mA for each segment. The microcircuit 261 contains a reference or clock generator, and the elements R6 and C6 determine the pulse repetition rate. For reliable and accurate operation, stabilized voltages of 5 V and -5 V are required. The 5 V stabilizer is assembled on elements VT1-VT3, VD2. Stabilization coefficient of at least 1000 at a current of up to 100 mA. Due to the large coefficient, the reference voltage of about 100 mV is obtained from the same voltage using a divider assembled on resistors R3-R5. The -5 V stabilizer is assembled on VT4.VT5, VD5 transistors using a 263 chip (DD2). It represents 6 elements NOT and is made in a 14-lead plastic case. Elements DD2.6 and DD2.2 form the basis of the pulse generator at a frequency of about 10 kHz. The remaining elements are connected in parallel DD2.6 to increase the output power of the Converter. The capacitor C10 with a frequency of 10 kHz is charged from the battery through the VD3 diode and the output of the elements DD2.6-DD2.1, and then discharges by negative lining through the VD4 diode to the capacitor C11. The negative voltage received is supplied to a voltage regulator of -5 V. The combiner or operator reads from the light indicators 262 the numerical value of the mass of the mowed crop with hopper 8. The resulting value is entered in the field log. The mass of the biological crop is equal to the difference between the indicators in the latter case and the mass of the empty hopper 8.

 After that, the combiner transfers the same hydroshock handle to the "Lowering" position. Oil under pressure (see Fig. 23) enters through the pipelines and high-pressure hoses to the central fitting 235 of the shut-off valve 229. When the spindle 238 is turned out, the tapered shank 239 opens the access of oil to the fittings 227 and 228 and then through the oil pipes 225 and 226 to the fittings 44 and 46 of the sleeve 41 of the master cylinder 29. Under operating pressure, the oil flows into the rod cavities of the pistons 51 and 35 in the sleeve 41. Moving the piston 35 causes the rod 32 to move upward with the three-fingered bracket 39 into the sleeve 41 of the master cylinder 29. The guide pins 73 slide at napra twisting sleeves 31. Ropes 79 first lower the loading platform 65 through the blocks 98 together with the cup 64 and the conical socket 63 onto the threaded head 57 of the rod 50 in the upper part of the sleeve 41. The conical socket 63 rests on the power cylinder 29 through the silenced block 249. this, the piston 51 with the rod 50 moves down, and the upper part of the rod 5 with the conical head 56 centers the conical socket 63 with the cup 64 relative to the vertical axis of the cylindrical frame 24, and then the hopper 8 is rigidly locked on the cylindrical frame 24. In this case, the hopper 8 and the cylindrical frame 24 are a single rigid unit (see figure 3).

 Then the combiner unloads the hopper 8 in the following order. The combiner moves the second handle of the combine’s hydraulic well to the “Lift” position. When this oil under pressure enters the rodless cavity of the power cylinder 19 (see Fig.11). The piston with the piston rod 19 rotates a pair of cranks 15 of a four-link parallelogram suspension 9, and a pair of rockers 16 through the connecting rod 17. Since the connecting rods 17 are parallel to the beam 14 and the cranks 15 are parallel to the rockers 16, the lever 18 of the weighing device 7 holds the hopper 8 and the cylindrical frame 24 upright. With the rod of the power cylinder 19 fully extended, the hopper 8 rises above the field surface to a height of 2.8 m. By controlling the third handle of the hydraulic well, the operator puts it in the "Raise" position. Oil under operating pressure enters through the fitting 151 of the sleeve 143 of the power cylinder 140 into the rodless cavity. The piston 152 moves the rod 141, which through the head 100 and the axis 165 rotates the shaft 162 of the tilt and emptying mechanism of the hopper 8 (see Fig. 17). The gear sector 172, located on the outer splined part 169 of the shaft 162, rotates the gear 177, located on the splined part 178 of the left pin 25 of the cylindrical frame 24 of the weighing device 7. Rotation of the gear 166 together with the pin 25 in sliding bearings 136 and 137 and the pin 26 in the bearing slip 129 (see Fig. 13) first leads to the inclination of the cylindrical frame 24 with the hopper 8 (see Fig. 11, the position of the hopper 8 in positions a, b and c). After sliding the green mass from the walls of the hopper 8, the operator moves the hopper 8 loading neck down, completely clearing it of the stems and related components (see 11, position g of the hopper 8). Manipulating the handles of the control valve spools, the combiner first puts the hopper 8 in a vertical position with the loading neck up, and then with the power cylinder 19 the four-link parallelogram suspension 9 is returned to its original position. Further, the combine harvester completes the remainder of the plot or, when the first is fully harvested, proceeds to the second. The mass of the crop is summed up when mowing the plot with a high yield and recalculation is the yield of crops per 1 ha of area.

The sequence of preparation of a selection harvester for harvesting selection plots with a sowing area of each experiment of not more than 1.4 m ^{2 is as} follows. In this case, the header 5 of the selection combine can be set to a high cut. For example, when testing various types of cereal crops for a given yield, the cut height is set within 20-45 cm, taking into account the height of the plant stem. When mowing alfalfa seed crops, the cutoff height is set by supporting shoes equal to 5.1 cm. The weighing device 7 with the hopper 8 should be placed on the H-shaped lever 18. The power cylinder 140 of the tilt and empty mechanism of the hopper 8 is transferred to the combine hydraulic handle of the hydraulic system of the combine to the "floating" position, thereby hydraulically connecting its rod and rodless cavities. In this case, with the help of the operator’s hand, the hopper 8 can be tilted back from the combine frame 1 or be close to the rocker arms 16 of the four-link parallelogram suspension mechanism 9 of the weighing device 7 on the combine frame 1. After that, on the axis 20 of the four-link parallelogram suspension mechanism 9, a mechanism 21 for locking the fixed position of the hopper 8 is mounted. Rotating the coupling nut 189 through the handle 190, using the screw 184 with the left-hand thread and screw 191 with the right-hand thread, the vertical position of the hopper wall is achieved 8. Screwing the coupling nut 189 the screws 184 and 191 reduces the distance between the axis 20 of the crank 15 of the suspension 9 and the axis of the finger of the retainer 185, located in the holes of the brackets 186 and 187 on the outer wall of the cylindrical frame 24. This is achieved the required fixed position of the hopper 8 relative to the rocker arm 16 of the suspension 9. The center of mass of the hopper 8 and weighing device 7 is aligned with the axial line of the trunnion 25 and 26 of the cylindrical frame 24. This allows the hopper 8 to be moved by the operator with one hand to move it from the working position to the position emptying (see para. 11, the position of the hopper 8a and e), and the other hand the operator removes turning 90 ^on the latch finger 185 of the bracket 186 and 187. For the convenience of the operator or technician in this case hinged lid 124 disassembled from the hopper 8. The stem 32 of the actuator 29 is fully retracted into the sleeve 41 so that the three-toed bracket 39 of the loading platform of the lifting mechanism 65 at three points relied end parts of guide sleeves 21 (see FIG. 3), and the ropes 79 were freely set on the blocks 98 in the upper part of the cylindrical frame 24. The rod 50 with the piston 51 of the same power cylinder 29 should be pulled into the sleeve 41. In this case, the conical head 56 of the locking mechanism on the cylindrical frame 24 is laid on a conical socket 63 cups 64. The weighing mechanism of the lower tier is turned off. The batch switch 260 (see FIG. 30) is moved to the second position so as to connect the strain gauge resistance sensors R28-R31 into the second bridge circuit of the load measuring mechanism of the upper tier. After that, an extension cord with a marked polarity of “+” and “-” connects the socket of the electrical equipment of the selection combine with the socket of the unit for recording and processing information of the weighed mass. When you turn on the toggle switch 266, the current from the battery of the harvester or engine generator 8 enters the voltage stabilizer unit "+5 V" and "-5 V". Next, the current flows to operational amplifier 264, and then to the strain gauge bridge 265 with resistances R28-R31. From the on-off packet switch 260, the current rushes to the microcircuit 261, and from it is sent to the indicator lights 262. When the sensors 110 of the upper tier weighing mechanism are completely unloaded, the indicator lights 262 should highlight zero. With other indications of the light indicators 262 rotate the potentiometer R23 and achieve zero marks in the light indicators 262. The harvester is ready for harvesting selection plots.

 A selection combine with a device for accounting for the collected mass in small plots works as follows.

On the selected gear of the gearbox 4 and the engine 3 running, the combine directs the header 5 of the combine to the plot of the harvested variety (see Figs. 1, 2, and 11). Reel strips 10 separate portions of the stems from the total mass of plants and send them to the cutting apparatus 11. Cut stems with the same reel 10 reel are stacked on the screw conveyor 12. By turns of the screw conveyor 12, the plant stalks with the spike part move to the unloading window of the header 5. Longitudinal inclined conveyor 6 stalks from the unloading window of the header 5 are sent to the hopper 8. When the mowing of the plant mass from the plot is completed, the combine stops the combine before the next plot and weighs the crop hydrochloric mass. The beveled mass (see FIG. 3) is laid on the surface of a conical plate 121 located at the bottom of the hopper 8. Under the weight of the beveled stems through the bottom of the plate 121, supports 113, the body of the rods 110 and the shaped flanges 112, the weight components are distributed into three side blocks 116, producing their deformation. The compressive strength of each body of the rods 110 on the surface 123 with the strain gauge resistance sensors R28-R31 (see FIG. 6), which are connected to the bridge circuit 265 of the unit for processing and recording information about the weight of the weighed mass (see FIG. 30), is placed. Glued to the surface 123 of the body of the rods 110 strain gauge resistance sensors R28-R31 record the linear compression strain of the rods 110 and this converts the mass of plates 121 with the collected plant stems from the plot surface into electrical signals that are removed from the strain gauge bridge 265. The voltage is removed from the diagonal of the bridge 265 mismatch, which is fed to operational amplifier 264 (YES1). There it is amplified and fed to the input of the microcircuit 261 (DD1). The operational amplifier 264 supplies a voltage proportional to the acting force to the sensor rods on the surface 123. The amplified signal is fed to the input of the microcircuits 261, where it is converted and supplied to the elements of a digital indicator. The microcircuit 261 is made in a 40 output case and is a large integrated circuit of an analog-to-digital converter. An amplified input signal charges the capacitor. The charge time is changed by a counter, the output signals of which are supplied to digital indicators 262. This voltage falls on the capacitor C3, connected between the terminals of the DD1 chip, and the model voltage is applied to its other terminals. When comparing these voltages, the chip 261 gives us a digital value proportional to the measured weight. The numbers are displayed using the four indicators HG1-HG4. They are connected directly to the terminals of the microcircuit (see Fig. 30), where the output current is 5.7 mA for each segment. Microcircuit 261 contains a reference generator, and elements R6 and C6 determine the pulse repetition rate. For reliable and accurate operation, stabilized voltages of +5 V and -5 V are needed. The stabilizer for +5 V is assembled on the elements VT1.VT3, VD2. Stabilization coefficient of at least 1000 at a current of up to 100 mA. Due to the large coefficient, the reference voltage of about 100 mV is obtained from the same voltage using a divider assembled on resistors R3-R5. The stabilizer at -5 V is assembled on VT4 transistors. VT6, VD5 using chip 263. It represents six elements NOT and is made in a 14-lead plastic case. The elements DD2.5 and DD2.2 form the basis of the pulse generator at a frequency of about 10 MHz. The remaining elements are connected in parallel DD2.6 to increase the output power of the Converter. The capacitor C10 with a frequency of 10 kHz is charged from the battery through the VD3 diode and the output of the elements DD2.6. DD2.1, and then discharged by the negative lining through the VD4 diode to the capacitor C11. The resulting negative voltage is supplied to a voltage regulator of -5 V. The operator or the combiner reads from the light indicators 262 the numerical values of the mass of the mowed crop on the surface of the plate 121. The receipt of the value with an accuracy of 1 g is entered in the field log. Further laboratory operator or free end of the screw 184, rotating the latch 185 in the brackets 186 and 187 at ⁹⁰ and displacing the bar 188 in U-shaped bracket slot 187 (see. Figure 18). After that, the laboratory assistant tilts the hopper 8 back and unloads the ear part of the harvested crop in a numbered bag. Acting in the reverse order, the laboratory assistant fixes the position of the hopper by transferring from position d to position a (see Fig. 11). When weighing the harvested crop, if its weight exceeds 9999 g, or when the limit value is reached, the operator lifts the loading platform 65 with the handle of the slide valve controlling the power cylinder 29 and unlocks the position of the cup 64 with the conical socket 63. In this case, the weight of the harvested crop is accurate to within 1 kg is weighed by the weighing mechanism of the lower tier.

 In the autumn-winter period, when the received materials are being processed from the experimental plots and breeding plots, the weighing device 7 with the hopper 8 is removed from the H-shaped lever 18 of the four-link parallelogram suspension mechanism 9 (see Fig. 12). For this, from the threaded holes of the right beam 128 (see Figs. 12 and 13), the bolts 130 with spring washers 131 are removed, fixing the position of the sliding bearing 129 of the right axle 26 of the cylindrical frame 24 of the weighing device 7. Next, the sliding bearing 129 is shifted to the right along the axle 26. After that, the right pin 26 can be brought up from the slot of the beam 128 of the N-shaped lever 18.

 The left pin 25 of the beam 127 of the lever 18 of the suspension 9 is removed as follows. First of all, the nut 173 is unscrewed from the threaded pin 173 of the shaft 162 of the tilting and emptying mechanism of the hopper 8 and the washers 175 and 174 are removed. The spline sleeve 171 of the gear sector 172 is removed from the spline part 169 of the shaft. The bolts with spring washers are unscrewed from the threaded holes 136 of the brackets 132 and 133. (see FIGS. 17, 14, 12 and 15). From the U-shaped slot of the bracket 133, a sliding bearing 139 is displaced along the axis of the shaft 162. Next, the shaft 162 with the sliding bearing 138 is extended from the spline sleeve 170 of the lever 142 and with it removed from the brackets 132 and 133, lifting upward above the left beam 127 of the N-shaped the suspension arm 18. After that, the nut 181 is unscrewed from the threaded shank 182 and the washers 180 and 179 are removed. The gear 177 is removed from the splines 178 of the left axle 257. Bolts 183 are removed from the threaded holes 134 of the brackets 132 and 133, releasing the sliding bearings 137 and 136. Bearing 137 They are located on the left trunnion 25, and the right bearing 136 together with the trunnion 25 is discharged through the U-shaped slot of the bracket 132.

 By removing the quick-release latch 185 from the brackets 186 and 187 and unscrewing the union nuts 248 of the high-pressure hoses 236 from the receiving fittings 235 and 246 (see Fig. 23), the cylindrical frame 24 with the pins 25 and 26 and the hopper 8 can be mounted on a special mobile frame 22 (see FIG. 19) or on a stationary support 23 (see FIGS. 24 and 25).

 To install the weighing device 7 (see Fig.19-22) on a special mobile frame 22, unscrew the nut 76 from the threaded portion of the guide pins 73 on the three-fingered bracket 39 and remove the washers 75 and 74. Next, the three-fingered bracket 39 weighing device 7 with the hopper 8 is laid on the flat surface of the disk ring 192 of the mobile frame 22. Nuts 76 are screwed onto the protruding threaded parts under the ring 192.

 The three-fingered bracket 39 accommodates the lifting mechanism of the cargo platform 65 with a manual control unit. Rotating the handle 209 of the handwheel 208 through the synchronous rotation mechanism, the threaded rods 199-201 in the threaded holes 72 of the tides 71 of the three-fingered bracket 39 are supported by their tapered shanks 250 in the conical seats 251 or in the countersunk heads of the bolts 27 of the mounting flange 28 of the power cylinder 29 at the bottom of the cylindrical frame 24 To exclude oil losses from the sleeve 41 of the power cylinder 29, the receiving nipples 235 and 246 mounted on the outer surface of the cylindrical frame 24 (see Figs. 23 and 29) are closed with union nuts 248 of one of the high pressure hoses 236 Nia. The spindle 238 with a tapered shank 239 must be retracted from the seat 240 of the body 232 of the shut-off valve 229. When the handwheel 208 is further rotated by the sleeve-roller chain gear 207 of the synchronous rotation mechanism, all three threaded rods 199-201 are rotated by the same angle, and the three-fingered bracket without the skews is removed from the bottom of the cylindrical frame 24, entraining the guide pins 73. The guide pins 73, extending from the guide bushings 31 of the bottom of the cylindrical frame 24, move the lower ends of the ropes 79 behind them. the placement of the ropes 79 and their tension, placed on the blocks 98 in the upper part of the cylindrical frame 24, shifts the upper end of the ropes 79, and then the bodies 95 of the rods of the weight-converting sensors 95 of the weight measuring mechanism of the lower tier. The bodies 95 of the rods through the ball bearings 67 and the ball seats 66 lift up the loading platform 65, and with it the glass 64 with the conical socket 63 and the conical head 56 connected thereto on the upper threaded portion of the rod 50 with the piston 51 (see Fig. 20 ) Moving the three-fingered bracket 39 with threaded rods 199-201 down leads to the extension of the rod 32 from the threaded head 40 of the sleeve 41 of the power cylinder 29. Moving the rod 32 together with the piston 35 towards the head 40 will drain the oil from the lower rod cavity, similarly by the piston 51 rod 50 from the upper part of the sleeve 41 extruded oil through the fitting 46 when lifting the loading platform 65. Oil from the upper and lower rod cavities of the sleeve 41 through the fitting 44 and 46, pipelines 225 and 226 and the fitting 227 and 228 (see Fig.23 and 20 ) enters the shutter housing 232 ntilya 229. By Case groove 232 pressurized oil enters the casing nipple 236 232 stop valve 229 and thence through hose 235 High pressure oil is directed into the receiving socket 246 and through conduit 245 to nipple 45 of the sleeve 41 and the rodless cylinder 29 cavity.

 By turning the handle 209, the handwheel 208 with the threaded rod 199, and through the square shaft 202 the hub 205 of the sprocket 206, and then by the chain transmission 207 of the sprocket 206, the threaded rods 200 and 201 are rotated. After full use of the thread reserve on the threaded rods 199-201 (see Fig. 20) by rotating the handwheel 208, five full turns are made back. In this case, under the weight of the hopper 8 and the loading platform 65, the cup 64 together with the conical socket 63 are lowered in the direction of the power cylinder 29, forming a guaranteed gap between the conical head 56 of the rod 50 and the conical socket 63 of the cup 64. Turn clockwise around the square head 242 and turn spindle 238 into the housing 232 of the shut-off valve 229. The tapered shank 239 abuts the seat 240 of the housing 232. The position of the pistons 51 and 35 in the sleeve 41 of the power cylinder 29 is fixed with oil. In this case, the upper and lower weight ritelnye mechanisms.

 Depending on the conditions of the research work, the information recording and processing unit is supplied with power from a 220 V alternating current network or from dry cells with a total voltage of 9 V. In the first case, the plug with a 220 V terminal is connected by an extension cord to a 220 V stationary industrial network When you turn on the toggle switch 271 (see Fig. 30), the current is supplied to a single-phase power transformer 269 with an output voltage of 14 V.

 The alternating voltage current from the transformer 269 enters the diode bridge 270 (D1-D4), where it is rectified and sent to the block voltage stabilizers at “+5 V” and “-5 V”, and then to the operational amplifier 264 and depending on the position handles of a batch switch 260 to strain gauge bridges R24.R27 or R28-R31 with a nominal resistance of sensors of 100 Ohms. According to the described method, the information recording and processing unit is set to zero readings of the light indicators 262. To control the reliability of the readings of the light indicators 262, control weights of 1 g and 1 kg are used. When laying a test load weighing 1 g on a plate 121, the indicator lights 262 (HG-1-HG-4) should display the next digital display 0001, and when laying a load weighing 1 kg 1000. In this case, the load-measuring mechanism of the upper tier is ready for operation. By switching the batch switch 260 to the second position, the indicator lights 262 should indicate zero 0000, and when installed on a plate 121, the test load weighing 1 kg 0001. The weighing device 7 is ready for use in laboratory conditions.

 The installation of the weighing device 7 on a special mobile frame 22 allows it to be moved on the rolling bearings 196 within the laboratory building or warehouse. A bag or bag of recycled material is lowered to the surface of the plate 121. With a weight of up to 10 kg, the weight measuring mechanism of the upper tier is used. The load is weighed with an accuracy of 1 g. With a weight of weighed cargo weighing more than 10 kg, the bottom of the plate 121 rests through the supports 113 on the rods 110. The shaped flange 112 of each rod 110 presses on its side block 116 and deforms it. Since both nuts of the shaped flange 112 and the figured washer 115 hold the end sections of the side block 116, it takes a barrel-shaped shape under load. The rods 110 together with nuts 119, washers 118 and 117 are lowered down in the openings 109 of the bottom of the hopper 8 and the threaded cover 68. The bottom of the plate 121 approaches the surface of the threaded cover 68, and its conical surface is in contact with the bottom of the hopper 8. This prevents deformation of the rods 110 and ensures the reliability of the weight measuring mechanism of the upper tier.

 To increase labor productivity and working comforts when determining the masses of bulk materials (grain, fertilizers), the weighing device 7 with the hopper 8 is placed on a stationary support 23 (see Fig.24-27). In the slot of the uprights 254, the trunnions 25 and 26 of the cylindrical frame 24 are laid, and the protruding part of the three-toed bracket 39 should freely enter the ring 259 of the lever 258. When you press the pedal 261 through the leash, the ring 259 drops down, releasing the three-toed bracket 39 of the cylindrical frame 24. When you press on the pedal 261, the lever 258 compresses the curved part of the elastic element 262. By lowering the pedal 261 under the action of the elastic element 262, the ring 259 returns to its original position. When weighing bulk materials in a cylindrical frame 24 in the working position are both weighting mechanisms.

 The weighing of bulk materials is as follows. With the vertical position of the hopper 8, seeds or freshly threshed grain are poured into its container on a laboratory thresher. Turn on the toggle switch 268 power unit registration and processing information of the weighed mass. When the mass is displayed on the light indicators 262 of the number series up to 9998, the data is immediately entered into the field log with an accuracy of 1 g. When the indicators 262 of the number series "9999" are displayed, the handle of the batch switch 260 is moved to the second position. With an error of ± 0.5%, in this case, the grain weight of up to 200 kg will be recorded in the hopper 8. When you press the foot pedal 261, the operator or technician tilts the hopper 8 to the side (see Fig. 25). The mass of grain is completely poured from the capacity of the hopper 8. By turning the hopper 8 in the opposite direction, the weighing mechanisms of the upper and lower tiers are returned to the working position.

 When measuring the masses of sheaf material, samples of long-stemmed crops (corn, sorghum, Sudar grass, amaranth, sunflower, cereals, grass mixtures, etc.), working with hopper 8 is difficult and inconvenient. In this case, the hopper 8 with a threaded cover 68 is unscrewed from the upper threaded part of the cup 64. A section table is installed in the place of the hopper 8 (see Figs. 31-33) in the form of an outer ring 274 and an inner ring 275. The load measuring mechanisms of the upper and lower tiers in working position as described above.

 When weighing sheaves or stalks of forage crops, their weight is distributed over the surface of the outer ring 274. The protruding surface of the inner ring 275 deforms equal resistance springs 276 through the rods 110 and settles to the level of the outer ring 274. The weight of the sheaves through the flange of the threaded cover 68 and the glass 64 is transferred to the cargo platform 65. Ball sockets 66 and ball bearings 67 stretch the bodies of the rods 95 of the weight-converting sensors 86. The strain of the sensors 86 corresponds to the value of the measured mass. The mass of sheaves is fixed on indicator lights 262 with an accuracy of 1 kg.

 When weighing single stems or their parts, ears, panicles, baskets, etc., they are laid on a protruding part or in a local cylindrical or spherical lowering 279 of the inner ring 275. The mass of stems compresses the rods 110 of the upper tier weight measuring mechanism. The weight of the stems with an accuracy of 1 g is read from the light indicators 262 block registration and processing of weighed mass.

 Calibration of the weighing mechanisms of the upper and lower tiers begins with the adjustment of the circuit of the registration and processing unit by checking the supply voltage at the stabilizers +5 V and -5 V. Then the tester is connected to the output of DD2.3 of the chip 263 and, by rotating the tuning resistor R23, the indicators are zero 262. Next, on the plate 121 of the weighing device of the upper tier, a control weight of 1 kg (1000 g) is laid, and, rotating the resistor R3, the indicators are set equal to the weight of the control weight. The rods 95 of the lower tier weight measuring mechanism are calibrated in the same way.

Claims (40)

 1. A SELECTION COMBINE WITH A DEVICE FOR ACCOUNTING THE ASSEMBLED WEIGHT, comprising a frame, a running gear with an engine group, a header, a conveyor, a four-link parallelogram suspension mechanism, a hopper and a weighing device, characterized in that the weighing device is made in the form of two-tier weighing mechanisms with different levels and lower thresholds of sensitivity, one of which is installed at the bottom of the hopper, and the other on the loading platform under the hopper, and the hopper with a weight measuring mechanism of the upper the tier is connected to a loading platform equipped with a lifting mechanism and a locking mechanism for the weight measuring mechanism of the lower tier kinematically connected with the lifting mechanism of the loading platform, while the weighing device is mounted in a cylindrical frame, placed on the hanger bracket of the four-link parallelogram mechanism and connected with it by the rotation and emptying mechanism of the hopper or a locking device for the mechanism for emptying the hopper, and is also equipped with additional equipment and a processing unit and registration of the value of the weighed mass, electrically connected to the sensors of the weighing mechanisms of the upper and lower tiers.  2. The harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the weighing mechanism of the upper tier is made at least in the form of three vertically directed rods, the upper ends fixed with a plate, and the lower ends with the possibility of vertical movement with the bottom of the hopper through an elastic element supported by one end in a shaped flange of the rod, and another in the bottom of the hopper, and the block of weight-converting elements is placed between the stop of the upper part of the rod and the shaped flange.  3. The harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that the surface of the plate is made congruent to the bottom surface of the hopper of the weighing device.  4. The harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that the elastic element is made in the form of a spring of equal resistance.  5. The harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that the rod is provided with flats for the size of an open-end wrench located outside the surface of the arrangement of the block of weight-converting elements.  6. The harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the weighing mechanism of the lower tier is made of at least three vertically directed rods, lower ends fixed in the ball nests of the loading platform, and the upper ones via ropes with a hopper lifting mechanism.  7. The harvester according to claim 6, characterized in that each rod of the weighing mechanism is made in the form of a body of revolution, and the block of weight-converting elements is placed between the flanges.  8. The harvester according to claim 6, characterized in that the rod of the weighing mechanism is provided with flats for the size of an open-end wrench located outside the surface of the sensors of the unit of weight-converting elements.  9. The harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the lifting platform of the loading platform is made in the form of a hydraulic piston on the threaded end of the rod of the power cylinder, located in the threaded head screwed into the sleeve, on the outer surface of which there is a flange connected by bolts to the bottom of the cylindrical frame weighing device, and the second threaded end of the ram cylinder is connected to a three-fingered bracket, on the remote parts of which are fixed guide pins located in the guide bushings of the bottom of the cylindrical frame ca, and in the threaded threaded holes of the guide pins, threaded rope tips are screwed, which are connected to the sensors of the load level mechanism of the lower tier, fixed in the ball joints of the cargo platform, and the branches of the ropes are placed on blocks equally mounted on the inner surface and the upper part of the cylindrical frame.  10. The harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the lifting mechanism of the loading platform is made in the form of three threaded rods kinematically connected to each other by a synchronous rotation mechanism and placed in the threaded bushings of the three-fingered bracket, and a handwheel for driving into the rotation of the threaded rods and their tapered shanks are mated with conical sockets on the lower surface of the bottom of the cylindrical frame, and guide pins located in the remote parts of the three-fingered bracket are mounted guide bushings of the bottom of the cylindrical frame, and threaded cable ends are screwed into the blind threaded holes of the guide pins, which are connected to the sensors of the load level mechanism of the lower tier, fixed in the ball bearings of the cargo platform, and the branches of the ropes are placed on the blocks equally mounted on the inner surface in the upper part of the cylindrical frame.  11. The harvester according to claim 10, characterized in that the synchronous rotation mechanism of the threaded rods of the lifting platform of the cargo platform is made in the form of sprockets placed on the lower ends of the threaded rods, the outer contours of which are covered by a sleeve-roller chain, the latter equipped with a tension mechanism.  12. The harvester according to claim 11, characterized in that the mechanism of the sleeve-roller chain tension is made in the form of a tension roller placed loosely on the vertical axis of the oval bracket, which is mounted on sliding bearings on one of the pairs of threaded rods.  13. The harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking mechanism of the weight measuring mechanism of the lower tier is made in the form of a hydraulic actuator piston on the lower threaded end of the power cylinder rod, located in the threaded head screwed into the upper part of the power cylinder sleeve of the load platform lifting mechanism, and the second the threaded end of the rod is equipped with a conical head mating with a conical socket located in a cylindrical glass of the loading platform.  14. The harvester according to claim 13, characterized in that a side-block is placed between the conical socket of the cylindrical cup and the upper threaded head of the sleeve of the locking mechanism.  15. The harvester according to claim 13, characterized in that on the cylindrical surface of the glass there are windows that provide access to the piston rod nut and conical head of the locking mechanism.  16. The harvester according to claim 13, characterized in that the bottom of the hopper is provided with a threaded cap screwed into a cylindrical glass of the locking mechanism of the lower tier weight measuring mechanism.  17. The harvester according to item 13, wherein the pistons of the hydraulic actuators of the lifting platform of the loading platform and the locking mechanism of the weighing mechanism of the lower tier are located in one sleeve of the power cylinder, and the rodless cavity of the sleeve is equipped with one fitting and is connected by pipelines and high pressure hoses with a pressure cavity combine hydraulic systems.  18. The harvester according to item 13, characterized in that the hydraulic drive of the lifting mechanism of the loading platform and the locking mechanism of the weight measuring mechanism of the lower tier is equipped with a shut-off valve located in the hydraulic network of the weighing device and connected by pipelines to the fittings of the rod cavities of the cylinder liner, and a high pressure sleeve with a spool combine distributor.  19. The harvester according to claim 18, characterized in that the receiving nipples of the shut-off valve and rodless cavity are located on the side surface of the cylindrical frame.  20. The harvester according to claim 19, characterized in that the receiving nozzles are hydraulically connected by a high pressure sleeve.  21. The harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that on the surface of the cylindrical frame technological windows are made that provide access to the load-measuring mechanism of the lower tier and to the lifting mechanisms of the load platform and block the weight-measuring mechanism of the lower tier.  22. The harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotation mechanism and the emptying hopper of the weighing device is made in the form of a multi-linker, one of the pairs of links of which is represented by a cylindrical gear and a gear sector located on the drive shaft, kinematically connected to the drive cam to rotate the left axle cylindrical frame of the weighing device and with the rod of the power cylinder, the base of which is pivotally connected to the beam of the lever of the four-link parallelogram mechanism of suspension of the weighing device hopper CTBA, wherein the cylindrical gear is located on the left portion of the splined trunnion cylindrical carcass.  23. The harvester according to claim 22, characterized in that the ram of the power cylinder is equipped with a threaded head with a spherical ring connecting the hydraulic cylinder to the drive cam in rotation of the left axle of the cylindrical frame of the weighing device.  24. The harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking device of the mechanism for turning and emptying the hopper is made in the form of a screw tie with left and right threads on the inside of the pipe and threaded rods with the named threads pivotally connected at one end to the axis of the cantilever part of the four-link parallelogram suspension of the hopper, and another quick-release latch with brackets of the cylindrical frame of the weighing device.  25. The harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional equipment of the weighing device is made in the form of a mobile frame of different-sized rings with stiffeners placed between them, and on a small ring there is a cylindrical frame of the weighing device, and on the big ring are vane brackets with rolling bearings .  26. The harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional equipment of the weighing device is made in the form of a portable frame with brackets for placing the left and right trunnions of the cylindrical frame and the locking mechanism of the vertical position of the hopper.  27. The harvester according to p. 26, characterized in that the mechanism for locking the vertical position of the hopper on a portable frame is made in the form of a spring-loaded lever pivotally mounted on brackets, and a cylindrical ring is placed between the parts of the spring-loaded lever, covering the three-toed bracket of the lifting mechanism of the load platform of the weighing device, and the free end of the spring-loaded lever is equipped with a pedal.  28. The harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the unit for processing and recording the value of the weighed mass is equipped with a large integrated circuit of an analog-to-digital converter, light indicators with digital indication, voltage stabilizers, microcircuits, blocks of weight-converting elements into electrical signals, a two-position packet level switch sensitivity thresholds and power supply.  29. The harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the hopper is equipped with a quick-release lid pivotally connected to the upper part of the hopper.  30. The harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the hopper is equipped with a window for visual assessment of the degree of filling of the hopper.  31. The harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the hopper is equipped with a enclosure located at the junction of the hopper and the cylindrical frame of the weighing device.  32. The harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical frame is equipped with handles for the transfer, installation and maintenance of the weighing device.  33. The harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the ends of the levers of the four-link parallelogram suspension mechanism are equipped with brackets with pharynx to accommodate the trunnions of the cylindrical frame of the weighing device.  34. The harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the weighing device is made in the form of a sectional table, the surface of which is formed of outer and inner rings, the outer ring being connected through a threaded cover to the glass of the loading platform and the load-measuring mechanism of the lower tier, and the inner ring is placed on the rods of the weighing mechanism of the upper tier, and the rods are placed by means of side blocks or compression springs of equal resistance in the holes of the flange of the threaded cover.  35. The harvester according to clause 34, wherein the surface rings of the sectional table are placed coaxially with the cylindrical frame of the weighing device.  36. The harvester according to clause 34, wherein the inner ring of the surface of the table is placed above the surface of the outer ring.  37. The harvester according to clause 36, wherein the outer and inner rings are equipped with flanges and are stamped.  38. Krmbine according to clause 37, wherein the working surface of the inner ring of the surface of the sectional table is provided with a local cylindrical or spherical lowering.  39. The harvester according to clause 37, wherein the width of the flange of the outer ring is greater than the stroke of the power cylinder of the lifting mechanism of the cargo platform.  40. The harvester according to clause 34, wherein the threaded cap and the outer ring in the place of their mutual conjugation are equipped with a technological hole for creating a block of weight-converting elements of the weight measuring mechanism of the upper tier with the processing unit and recording the value of the weighed mass.