RU2538823C1 - Field machine for harvesting grain crops from selective plots - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: field machine for harvesting grain crops from selective plots comprises a self-propelled chassis, a cutting machine, a conveyor and a removable container for cut plants. The removable container is made in the form of an air-permeable closing cylinder, in the centre of which the shaft is placed, on which the air-permeable blades are rigidly fixed, which divide the cylinder into sectors. The gap between the ends of the blades, sidewalls and the cylinder walls is smaller than the minimal grain size.

EFFECT: increased productivity of the machine when mowing plants.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering, and in particular to devices for harvesting crops.

A well-known machine (selector harvester - http://www.samporostov.ru/catalog/harvesters/sr_2010/) for harvesting crops from breeding plots, on a self-propelled chassis of which a cutting apparatus, reel, conveyor, threshing and separating device, cleaning system are mounted seeds, straw separator, unit for collecting, weighing and unloading seeds, unit for collecting and removing the non-cereal part of the crop.

A disadvantage of the known machine is its high cost, low productivity and because of the long stops for cleaning the machine from plants cut from the plot before cutting and processing the plants of the next plot.

Closest to the technical nature of the claimed is a machine (a machine for harvesting valerian), consisting of a self-propelled chassis, a cutting apparatus, a conveyor and a platform for placing a harvested crop (prototype) (http://lekarstvennye-rasteniya.net/catalog/mashina_dlya_uborki_valeriana.html )

A disadvantage of the known machine is that it is not suitable for harvesting crops.

An object of the invention is to increase the productivity of the machine when mowing plants from plots, accelerating the release of plots for subsequent operations by transferring to the hospital operations for temporary storage, threshing, cleaning, drying, weighing and packing seeds, the ability to harvest crops from all plots under favorable conditions at conditioned humidity and eliminate expensive drying operations.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 presents the kinematic diagram of a field machine for harvesting crops from breeding plots; figure 2 - sector container, cross section; figure 3 is the same, a longitudinal section.

A field machine for harvesting crops from breeding plots contains a self-propelled chassis 1 on which a cutting apparatus with a reel 2, a conveyor 3 and a removable tank 4 mounted in the form of a breathable closing cylinder (sector container) with a mesh blown sidewall 5, which prevents spillage and has strong enough to transport and dry the plants in it.

A cylindrical container 4 is placed in the housing 6, in the upper part of which there is a loading window 7. It is closed by, for example, a lid. In the center of the container 4 there is a shaft 8 on which the blades 9 are rigidly fixed, forming sectors. The blades are also made breathable - mesh. The number of blades 9 is determined by the volume of harvested crops necessary for placement in it of loose plants cut from the plot. Each sector should accommodate all plants from harvested plots.

The gap 10 between the ends of the blades 9, the sides 5 and the walls of the cylinder 6 should be less than the minimum seed size of the harvested crop.

The field machine operates as follows.

When harvesting plants from the plot, they are cut using a cutting apparatus and reel 2 and conveyor 3 is sent to the loading window 7 of the sector container 4. The size of the window 7 should not exceed the distance between the boundaries of the sectors on the outer surface of the cylindrical container 4. After filling the sector with plants cut from the plot the shaft 8 is rotated and prepared for loading the free sector, while the loaded sector moves along the inner surface of the cylindrical container 4. The gap 10 between the walls of the cylinder, sidewalls 5 and ends and blades 9 prevents seeds from falling out of the sector. Before filling the next sector with plants from another plot, the cutting apparatus 2 and the loading conveyor 3 of the field machine are cleaned of plant seeds cut from this plot. After filling in the required number of sectors, the lid of the loading window 7 is closed, and the container 4 is replaced with a new empty container.

Filled containers 4 (containers) are sent to a hospital for temporary storage and drying of seeds to the required condition (if necessary), transportation to a feed hopper of a threshing and separating device, into which the contents of each sector are unloaded sequentially. Before unloading each subsequent sector, the threshing and separating device is thoroughly cleaned to prevent mixing of seeds from different plots.

The use of a field machine for harvesting crops from breeding plots will increase the productivity of the machine when mowing plants from plots, speed up the release of plots for the following operations, transfer to the hospital temporary storage, threshing, cleaning, drying, weighing and storing seeds, and harvest from all plots under favorable conditions, conditional humidity and eliminate the expensive drying operation.

Claims (1)

A field machine for harvesting crops from breeding plots, including a self-propelled chassis, a cutting apparatus, a conveyor and a removable container for collecting cut plants, characterized in that the removable container is made in the form of a breathable closing cylinder, in the center of which is a shaft with breathable rigidly fixed on it blades dividing the cylinder into sectors, while the gap between the ends of the blades and the walls of the cylinder is less than the minimum grain size.

Images