RU2038769C1 - Mobile pavilion for year-round keeping of bees - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: apiculture. SUBSTANCE: pavilion comprises a running gear and a platform with bee hives. Uprights secured over the platform perimeter carry walls on their external sides. Hive bottoms have the form of air cushion boxes. Vertical shields are fastened to said air cushion boxes and form air cushions. Verandahs are arranged on the external surfaces of platform walls. Hive bodies are installed on air cushion boxes and have removable separating frames with twinned net coverings and zinc excluders between the bodies. The hives have additional bodies for keeping the upper bee colonies. Installed between the vertical shields of air cushion boxes and platform walls are tunnels for the passage of bees of the upper families. A ceiling with a netted portion and a hole for the feeder is installed in the under-roof panel. The pavilion is provided with a water-heating container mounted on the platform. The latter also has suspended panels for inoperative hive bodies, and hooks for the helicopter cable. EFFECT: improved design. 7 cl, 10 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to beekeeping and can be used using standard hulls of multihull hives available in the national economy and newly manufactured ones.

 A mobile apiary pavilion is known, inside of which on both sides along the walls in three tiers of 40-mm boards made nests-meshes to accommodate specially made hives on them on the 20th frame. Each mesh is carefully sheathed with plywood from the sides, bottom and top. This mesh lining provides the correct and smooth movement of the hive when sliding it into its mesh and when pulling it out for inspection.

 To feed the bees, there is a feeding frame inserted into the nest of the hive. Each time the syrup is poured into the feeder, the hive is moved out of the mesh by 15 cm. Starting from May 10, every 5-7 days, 1-2 frames with artificial wax are inserted into the hive for building honeycombs.

 The design of this apiary pavilion leads to the pumping out of a large mass of bees (3-4 kg), which do not sit outdoors, but between the hives and the wall.

 The disadvantages of this pavilion include the complexity and non-progressive technology of beekeeping. For the manufacture of non-standard hives and cells used in it, 2 times more building material is consumed than usual.

 The maintenance of bee colonies on the 20th framework with insufficient ventilation accelerates their development, which brings families into a swarm state. This increases the amount of work of the beekeeper in collecting swarms and their placement, which negatively affects honey collection.

 The beekeeper’s physical labor and bee’s anxiety are caused by a stand in the hive of frames with dry land and wax (every 5-6 days), feeding of bees, pumping out honey, preparing the bees for wintering, especially when you consider that the total weight of the hive during honey collection is 50-70 kg.

 Known pavilion hive containing a housing with a blank bottom. Three longitudinal slits are cut out in each hive near the bottom, one of which is located in the rear double wall and is designed for the influx of clean air in the winter, and the other two are located in the front double wall and are designed for passage of bees into the hive.

 Between the bottom and the nesting frames along the side walls of the hive there are guides used for laying the drawer and the second drawer in the form of a mesh frame. When the latter is not necessary, the space between the guides is filled with bars-inserts serving as a bridge for the sliding pallet to the frames.

 The disadvantages of the design of the pavilion hive include the fact that the upper flap of the corridor, as well as a drawer for collecting pollen, limit the access of fresh air to the hive. With large honey collection and intense heat, with insufficient ventilation, bees and especially drones accumulate at the bottom of the hive and lower frames, creating stuffiness. In this condition, the bee family is preparing for swarming, and this is additional work to collect swarms and the loss of 50% of the honey production of bee families. The retractable trellis tray is used only for the sanitization of bees, and not for ventilation of the nest, in addition, litter is formed in the space between the trellis and the bottom, and conditions for the development of moths are created.

 It is known to grow chickens within the framework of bee families. A thick metal net is placed over the frames, through which cells the bees do not crawl. Above the grid place a store extension or roof liner. About 50 eggs are laid in a row there, on top of them they cover with cloth or burlap and insulate with a pillow. Bees not only provide heat to the "incubator", but also better than any automatic device regulate temperature and humidity.

 Such an “incubator” in the hive has several disadvantages. Placing a metal mesh directly on the frame in the hive creates inconvenience when removing the canvas from the frame, which is associated with anxiety of bees. In addition, the heated area of the eggs reaches no more than 30% since the width of the upper bars of the frame is 25 mm, and the interframe space is 9-12 mm. After laying the metal net and the store extension or the under-hood, the eggs are placed on the net for hatching chickens for 21 days. When examining the bees with the aim of adding frames or feeding, it is necessary to remove the pillow, canvas, extension, collect eggs, remove the net and transfer to another place. After working with bees for the functioning of the "incubator", everything must be done in the reverse order. This procedure can be repeated repeatedly. Such technology requires a lot of labor and time.

 The closest technical solution, selected as a prototype, is a mobile apiary installation Tatarenko V.R. including a pavilion installed on the chassis with vertical partitions located at its side walls, along which sections for bee colonies equipped with trays and arrival boards are placed. Each family of bees in the section has a horizontal part consisting of 20 narrowly high frames (inverted standard Dadanovskaya frame) for the production of bees and two stores in the upper part of 40 half-frames for folding honey.

 Hive sections have separate detachable bottoms. Under the notch at a distance of 2 cm from the bottom throughout the section, a ventilation grid is fixed to it. She does not allow bees to sink to the bottom. Between each two sections in the resulting triangular space is placed a feeder with a heating element underneath. In the side walls of the pavilion, in the upper part, there are ventilation windows. To replenish the main families with brood and bees, hive incubators are kept on a separate platform.

 Famous mobile apiary installation Tatarenko V.R. (mobile pavilion "Spikelet") has a number of disadvantages. The mutual placement of the sections forming the inner sides of the aft compartments is designed to use narrow-high frames and does not allow placing standard frames from Dadan-Blat hives and from multi-hull standard hives.

 Due to the impossibility of using standard frames for the Kolosok pavilion, it is necessary to re-manufacture sections of beehives and frames, as well as to adapt packages with standard frames received from other farms for use in Koloska and, in addition, to customize standard wax sheets. Carefully cut off their shoulders, then to the side plate of the frame, which has become the top, beat a rack of such a length so that the shoulders form. The rail is nailed to the former upper bar, and the side that is applied to the lower bar is tied with wire. All this will be carefully done over an open hive so as not to destroy the uterus. You can switch to a full conceived technology only within three years.

 The section of the specified pavilion is provided with a ventilation net in the construction of the section, which is nailed tight to the bottom of the section, and there is an air space between the ventilation net and the bottom whose height is only 2 cm.

 The ventilation net at the bottom of the section, which is constantly located there, is clogged with zabrusom, propolis, a mole is bred under the net in the garbage, which leads to a deterioration in the sanitary condition of the hive.

 When a bee family grows in a section due to an incubator hive, especially in the absence of a bribe or in bad weather and with insufficient ventilation, stuffiness is created in the section, the uterus and bees cannot work normally. All this leads to the swarming of the bee family, and this is a 50% loss of honey collection.

 Separate placement of incubator hives on the platform leads to additional time and labor for their manufacture, transferring frames with brood, bees and honey from sections of the pavilion to the hive incubator and vice versa.

 In preparing the bees for wintering, additional work is carried out to transfer incubator hives from the platform to the racks, backfill them with shavings and shelter with roofing or film. And in the spring, all these works are carried out in the reverse order. The use of such technology significantly reduces labor productivity in the apiary.

 The invention provides for the improvement of the conditions for keeping two-uterine bee families in a heated pavilion and the use of standard multi-beehive hulls, placing them on air cushions, increasing the maximum number of working bees, obtaining honey and other beekeeping products.

 Compactness and mobility of the pavilion allow all beekeepers, especially amateur beekeepers who live in cities, to place pavilions on a small area in villages, forestries, by agreement with the owners, and beekeepers in early spring to carry out chickens in the hives.

 This is achieved due to the fact that vertical racks are fixed on the platform of the pavilion, to which air cushions with shields are attached, in the upper part of which there are holes for the passage of bees of the second upper family.

 On the upper base of the airbags are standard multi-hive hull bodies. For the maintenance of two-uterine bee families, there are dividing frames with a double grid and gratings.

 The hinges are placed on the hulls, having in one half a mesh bottom for ventilation and chicks in the incubator frame, if necessary, the net is covered with a lid. In the second half there is a hole for the feeder, in the cover of the hole on one side there is a grid for feeding bees from the jar, and on the other hand there is a hole with a tube to remove moisture from the hive in the winter.

 For fastening the hives during transportation, bars with stretch marks are fixed on the roof covers. Free cases are located on suspended platforms fixed to the upper transverse bars of the pavilion.

To heat the pavilion and the hives, there is an electric power input with an electric meter, an automatic magnetic starter and a DPKB-53 sensor (0 + 35 ^о С), which automatically regulates the temperature in the hives.

 In the pavilion there is also a pot with a system of water heating of the pavilion and beehives through ventilation boxes in airbags.

 Under the platform of the pavilion, hooks for hooking with a cable are strengthened when transporting it by helicopter to wild honey plants.

 The distinguishing features noted above are significant and provide novelty and achievement of the required results.

 In FIG. 1 shows a top view of the inside of the pavilion; figure 2 is a view of the hives inside the pavilion; figure 3 is a view of the side walls inside the pavilion; figure 4 is a view from above of the wing cover with covers; figure 5 is a view of the roof cover with a hole for the feeder and the net; figure 6 is a top view of the separation grid with double mesh; in FIG. 7 is a top view of the separation grid; on Fig top view of the incubator frame with a grid; Fig.9 is a sectional view of the incubator frame; figure 10 is a view of the side outer wall of the pavilion.

 The mobile pavilion for keeping bees year-round with heating consists of bottom 1, trellis shutters 2, vertical struts 3 and 4, air cushions 5, shields attached to air cushions, with holes 6 for passage of bees from the upper families, bases of the landing areas 7, mesh ceilings for ventilation chambers 8, vertical guiding bars for trellised shutters 9, transverse bars 10 for attaching hives for transportation, racks and roofs for verandas 11 of the main lower bee families, traps in the floor for access to the lower compartment 12, openings with 13 for fresh air ventilation, from electric power input with electric meter 14, magnetic starter with DTKB-53 sensor 15, exhaust ventilation grids 16, Thermo-2 electric oil radiator 17, metal furnace 18, casing 19 for water heating, barrels 20 for hot water, pipes 21 for water circulation, a radiator pipe for heating the pavilion and beehives 22, a chimney 23, a place 24 for the rest of the beekeeper, a gas stove 25, a gas bottle 26, a bedside table with a net for removing the grain from the frames 27, a place 28 for the honey extractor , can 29 for water, table 30, ventilation mesh For gas stove 31, entrance door to pavilion 32, windows in room 33 of the beekeeper and walls of pavilion 34, verandas 39 for upper bee families, buildings 40, mounts 41 buildings, extensions 42, lower bars of hanging platforms 43, mesh frames 44 for covering honeycombs , vertical racks 45 of the lower bar, fastenings 46 of the hanging platforms to the upper rack, roof racks 50, frames with dividing double nets 57, holes for tunnels of the upper families 35, frames of the arrival openings 36, light ventilation windows 37, arrival verandas 38 of the lower families of bees, space in for verandas 49, frames of partition grilles 59, covers 51, nets for installing cans 52 with syrup, holes for ventilation tubes 53, covers 54, mesh bottom 55, holes for installing feeders 56, separation frames 57, double nets 58, separation frames 59, lattices 60, incubator frames 61 for hatching chickens, lattices 62 for installing eggs, incubator frames 63, places 64 for placing eggs in lattices, lattices 65, mesh bottoms 55 roof racks, air slots 67, color figured stencils 68 inside the verandas continuation of the same stencils 69 on the wall pavilion color stencil 70 in the upper verandas letkovyh holes 71 in verandas, brackets 72 for mounting of ventilation flaps, ventilation flaps and hooks with extensions 73, 74 below the bottom Zaseki pavilion.

 The mobile pavilion of year-round maintenance of bees with heating is a common set of all the signs that determine the need to obtain a positive effect.

 On the mobile platform of the pavilion, along the metal frame and floor, paired racks are fixed, to which air cushions with shields are attached, while air chambers are formed between the shields and walls of the pavilion with the bees leaving the air cushion slots to the base of the flight boards and further to the veranda.

 In the upper part of the shields there are holes framed by slats, opposite them in the side walls of the pavilion there are also holes connected to the holes on the shields by tubes that form tunnels for the upper bee family to pass onto the upper veranda. In addition, mesh frames are fixed below the tunnel tubes, forming air ventilation chambers for the lower bee families.

 Housings with frames from standard multihull hives are placed on airbags without resorting to the manufacture of any of their new designs.

 On top of the enclosures, roof racks are installed, equipped in one half with ventilation nets with covers, in the other with holes for installing feeders and covers that cover these holes in the absence of feeders. On these covers, round openings with nets for feeding bees from cans and openings with tubes fixed to them are made, which ensure that in winter the moist air flows upward vertically from the hive through the tubes to the pavilion. For strong families, the second ventilation tubes are placed on the round ventilation holes. Supply air enters the hive through an opening in the trap of the floor and through a vent in the air cushion.

 If necessary, an incubator frame for hatching chickens is installed in the first half of the ventilation nets.

 With two-uterine maintenance of bee colonies, they are separated by frames with double nets and lattices.

 The lower main families are used by lower landing areas with verandas, and the upper upper verandas.

 When transporting the pavilion or processing the fields with pesticides, the bees of the lower families are isolated in air chambers with the lowering of the mesh curtains. In addition, in lower families, bees are well preserved in airbags, into which air enters through the ventilation chambers. Upper families are isolated by closing the upper verandas with ventilation shields, as well as using ventilation nets in the roof racks.

 When the pavilion with bees is parked in winter at the main base or in the field, feeding and watering is carried out for lower families due to the available trays in the bilateral bottoms of air cushions, and the upper due to the available feeders in the roof liners and mesh openings for cans.

 Ventilation in the pavilion is carried out in winter through the floor trap due to the influx of fresh air, and exhaust ventilation due to ventilation nets in the upper part of the pavilion walls. In summer, during the hot season, light windows additionally open with the installation of mesh frames in them.

There is a pavilion input power to the counter, the magnetic actuator, sensor DTKB-53 (0 + 35 ° ^C) with automatically controlled temperature in the hive.

 Light bulbs are installed in airbags and ventilation chambers for heating bee colonies and heating syrup and water in double-sided trays.

 To maintain the temperature in the pavilion there is an oil cooler "Thermo-2" with autonomous inclusion in the power grid. In addition, a pot with water heating is installed in the pavilion to maintain the required temperature of the pavilion and bee families.

 Directly in the pavilion, all basic work with bee families is carried out, even under any weather conditions and with electric lighting, namely, inspection of bee families, medical and preventive measures, preparation of syrup, feeding and drinking of bees. Collection and pumping of honey, collection of bee venom, pollen, propolis, royal jelly, withdrawal of queen bees, formation of layering, pairing of bee colonies, creation of honey bees, withdrawal of chickens.

 The pavilion also carries out repairs and frame buildup. Free cases are stacked on the hanging shelves, and cases and other equipment are also placed in the compartment under the bottom of the pavilion.

 In the room of the beekeeper, syrup for bees is prepared on a gas stove, there is also a place for the rest of the beekeeper and cooking.

 Thanks to the application of the indicated design solutions, the mobile pavilion of year-round keeping of bees with heating can produce a significant economic effect.

 Firstly, the advantage of the design of the proposed pavilion, in comparison with analogues and prototype, is the use of standard buildings multihull hives in the transition to the technology of two-uterine maintenance of bee colonies.

 Secondly, in the manufacture of airbags, roof covers, dividing grilles and in the presence of standard cases, the proposed technology can be transferred in the same year, and not in three years, as is the case with the prototype.

 Thirdly, with the technology of keeping 2-uterine families in one standard multi-hive hive, there is no need to have incubator hives located on separate platforms, since standard cases are sufficient to ensure all work, including the withdrawal of uterus . The technology of keeping 2-uterine families in multihull hives gives a positive effect.

 Fourth, when airbags with ventilation chambers and electric heating are used in the pavilion, bee families save 5 kg of honey not consumed for their food, when growing a bee family up to 7 kg, and evaporating water from nectar to 3 kg of feed.

 Fifth, a decrease in the drone brood hive will allow additionally grow at least 1.5-2 kg of bees in two months. This will be 1 four-frame package of bees for sale. Without selling a package of bees, the family can additionally collect at least 10 kg of honey. Thus, the proposed effect will be 22 kg of honey.

 Sixth, in addition, when hatching chickens in the underwings for two early hatching in the same family, up to 60 chickens can be bred. At the same time, no special costs are required, and especially electricity.

 Seventhly, when heating the pavilion and bee colonies directly in the hives by means of a water-heated pot, it is possible to obtain significant savings in the use of electricity, which is especially important when raising energy prices.

 Eighth, 20 two-uterine bee families, when kept in a heated pavilion and when their strength is increased to 6-8 kg, can replace 200 bee families in ordinary hives.

 When transporting a pavilion with bees by helicopter to wild honey plants, especially in Siberia and the Far East, where there are no roads, the honey productivity will be at least 3-4 tons of marketable honey from one pavilion with bees. Thus, he can pay off in one or two seasons.

 In addition, in the taiga at the point, the pavilion with bees will take up little space and there will be no need to build a storehouse to protect the apiary from wild animals. It can also protect the beekeeper well from mosquitoes and midges.

 The application of these technical solutions will increase labor productivity and significantly save time and material resources.

Claims (7)

 1. MOBILE ANNIVERSARY PAVILION OF THE ANNIVERSARY BEES, including the chassis with a wall, floor and verandas, a platform with beehives installed on it, consisting of hulls, bottoms and roof racks, and a heating system mounted on the platform, characterized in that the platform is equipped with reinforced perimeter racks, the height of which is equal to the height of the platform walls attached to the outer sides of the racks, the bottom of the hives are made in the form of boxes of air cushions attached to the floor and racks of the platform, with gaps on the front x walls and vertical shields attached to them, with openings made in their upper parts for the bees to exit, while the shields are installed in the pavilion with the formation of air chambers between them and the wall of the platform, limited in the upper parts by ventilation nets, while the verandas are placed from the outside sides of the platform walls and communicated with air chambers through openings made in the walls, while the hive bodies are mounted on air-cushion boxes and equipped with removable dividing frames with double sets atymi ceilings and Hahnemann bars to be placed between the housing and provided with additional hives installed on the main body for holding the upper bee colonies, and include scrapie for the attachment of a podkryshnikam, racks and platform floor.  2. The pavilion according to claim 1, characterized in that between the vertical flaps of the box-air cushions and the walls of the platform are installed tube tunnels for the passage of bees of the upper families.  3. The pavilion according to claim 1, characterized in that ceilings are installed in the hinges of the hives, each of which has a mesh section and a section of a continuous flooring with an opening for installing a feeder that is covered by a lid.  4. The pavilion according to claim 3, characterized in that the covers are made of mesh windows for cans with syrup and openings for installing ventilation tubes.  5. The pavilion according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating system includes equipment for electric and water heating.  6. The pavilion according to claim 1, characterized in that suspended platforms for spare hive buildings are mounted on the platform.  7. The pavilion according to claim 1, characterized in that hooks for the helicopter cable are mounted on the platform from its outer side.

Images