RU2025322C1 - Device for determining the parameters of the train movement - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: automatic systems of vehicle control. SUBSTANCE: device has alternating-current bridge, sinusoidal voltage generator, signal phase determination unit, strobe pulse former, two voltage converter, flip-flop for fixing the phase of the bridge unbalance, three AND elements, three pulse counters, counter pulse generator, OR element, two formers of the recording instruction, two recording authorization units, constant setting unit, divider, microprocessor, information processing unit, recording and display unit . EFFECT: facilitated manufacture. 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to railway devices and can be used in automated systems for monitoring and controlling the movement of vehicles.

 A device is known for determining the parameters of a train’s movement, comprising an AC bridge, two arms of which are formed by two half-windings of a differential transformer, and two others by capacitive elements located near the rails, and a signal phase determination unit is connected to one and the other diagonals of the bridge respectively through the secondary winding of the differential transformer , and directly, a sinusoidal voltage generator, the output of which is connected to the corresponding d the other inputs of the signal phase determination unit, to the outputs of which signal conditioners are connected, the outputs of which are connected to one of the inputs of one and the other AND elements, and accordingly, to one and the other inputs of the OR element, the pulse generator, the output of which is connected to one of the inputs of the third AND element the output of which is connected to one of the inputs of the third AND element, the output of which is connected to the second pulse counter, the output of which is connected to one of the inputs of the information processing unit.

 A disadvantage of the known device is low accuracy.

 The purpose of the invention is improving accuracy.

 The goal is achieved by the fact that the device for determining the parameters of the train’s movement is equipped with a constant setting unit, recording command shapers, recording permission blocks connected to the input with the output of the OR element, and the output to the other input of the third AND element, dividers, additional pulse counters, the And element, and a trigger, one input of which is connected to the mentioned output of one of the signal conditioners, another input - with the output of the first trigger, and an output - with one of the inputs of the first trigger and with one of the inputs of one of the blocks recording permission, the other input of which is connected to the output of one of the shapers of the recording command, the input of which is connected to the output of the second signal shaper, which is connected to another input of the second trigger, the output of which is connected to one of the inputs of the second recording permission block, the other input of which is connected to the connected the input with the output of the first driver, the output of another driver of the recording command, and the output is connected to the second input of the information processing unit, the third input of which is connected to the output of the first write permission block. The fourth input is connected to the output connected to the output of the first element And the second pulse counter, to the fifth input - to the output of the third pulse counter, the input of which is connected to the output of the second element And connected to the second input connected to the second input of the first element And the output of the pulse generator. The sixth input of the information processing unit, at the output of which the recorder is turned on, is connected to the output of the constant setting unit.

 In FIG. 1 shows a functional diagram of a device; in FIG. 2 - temporary diagrams explaining the characteristic moments of the operation of the device; in FIG. 3 - conditional positions of the train at characteristic times relative to the geometric arrangement of capacitive elements of the AC bridge.

AC bridge 1, two arms of which are formed by two primary half-windings of differential transformer 2, and the other two by electric capacitances C ₁ and C ₂ located in the zone of passage of the train of wires, contains a sinusoidal voltage generator 3 in the power diagonal, and an included on the measuring diagonal through the secondary winding of the transformer 2, the phase determination unit 4 of the signal.

 The signal phase determination unit contains two gate operating amplifiers (comparator), one of which is switched on according to the non-inverting circuit, and the second - according to the circuit of inverting amplifiers. The generator 3 through a gate pulse generator 5 is connected to the gate inputs of the amplifiers of unit 4. Block 4, which has two outputs, is connected to the inputs of a voltage converter 6, the first output of which is connected to the first inputs of the first trigger for fixing the unbalance phase of the bridge 7.1 of the first element And 8, the output of which connected to the input of the first counter 9 pulses. The second output b of the voltage converter 6.2 is connected to the first inputs of the second trigger for fixing the unbalance phase of the bridge 7.2, the third element And 10, the output of which is connected to the input of the third counter 11 pulses. Both outputs (a and b) of voltage converters 6.1 and 6.2 are connected to the first and second inputs of the OR element 12, the output of which is connected through a frequency divider 13 to the first input of the second element And 14, while the first input of the second counter 15 is connected to the output of the element And 14. The second inputs of the first 8, third 10 and second 14 elements And are connected to the output of the generator 16 counting pulses. The outputs of the first 9, third 11 and second 15 counters are connected to the data input bus of the processor 17 of the information processing unit. In addition, the first output a of the voltage converter 6.1 is connected to the input of the second recording command generator 18.2, the output of which is connected to the second input of the second element of the recording permission unit 19.2, and the second output b of the voltage converter is connected to the input of the first recording command generator 18.1, the output connected to the second input of the first block 19.1 write permissions. The outputs of the first and second blocks 19.1 and 19.2 are included in the external control circuit of the processor 17. The constant setting unit 20 is also connected via the data input bus to the processor 17, the output of which is connected via the data output bus to the recording and display unit 21, the output of which is connected to the combined zero installation inputs of the first 9, second 15, third 11 counters and the first, second triggers for fixing the unbalance phase of the bridge 7.2.

 The calculation of the parameters of the movement of the train is carried out using software microprocessor 17.

In FIG. 2, the following designations are accepted: I _C1 , I _C2 - currents through capacitances C ₁ and C ₂ during the passage of a train; U _o - phase of the signal at the output of the bridge; U _i - conditional voltage on the circuit elements of FIG. 1 having the ith index (for example, U ₈ is the voltage at element 8; U ₁₄ is the voltage at element 14, etc.). In FIG. 3 adopted the following notation; l _n - symbol of the length of the train; l _o - the total length of two wires l ₁ and l _{2 of a} fixed length; electrical capacities of which C ₁ and C ₂ are two shoulders of the bridge; P _t0 - the position of the train relative to the wire l ₁ at the time t _o at the beginning of its entry into the coverage area of the bridge; P _t1 - the position of the train relative to the wires l ₁ and l ₂ at time t ₁ at the end of its entry into the coverage area of the bridge; P _t2 - the position of the train at the initial moment t ₂ its departure from the coverage area of the bridge; P _t3 - the position of the train relative to the wire l ₂ at the end of its departure from the coverage area of the bridge.

, где N₁ - число импульсов генератора 16, содержащихся в интервале от t₀до t₁, фиксируемых счетчиком 9;
- время t_П полного проследования поездом зоны l₀ по формуле:
t_П = N₂T₀
N₂ - число импульсов генератора 16, содержащихся в интервале от t₀до t₂, фиксируемых счетчиком 15;
- скорость V₂ выезда поезда из зоны l₀ по формуле:
V₂ =

, где N₃ - число импульсов генератора 16, содержащихся в интервале от t₂до t₃, фиксируемых счетчиком 11;
- среднюю скорость V_ср поезда по формуле:
V_ср =

=

- длину l_П поезда по формуле:
l_п=l

- определить направление движения поезда по первоочередности появления сигнала на выходах преобразователя напряжения 6;
- определить характер движения поезда (ускорения, замедления, движения с постоянной скоростью) сравнением V₁ и V₂.In the operation of the device, the position is used that when a train follows a section of a fixed length l _{0, it} is possible to measure three characteristic time intervals determined by the moments of entry t ₀ , end t ₁ , exit t ₂ and exit t ₃ to and from the zone l ₀ , which is achieved by dividing l ₀ into two parts of equal length l ₁ and l ₂ . Forming with the help of an AC bridge with a phase-sensitive null-organ (in Fig. 1 - signal phase determination unit - 4) three time intervals, namely from t ₀ to t ₁ (entry time), from t ₀ to t ₂ (transit time ) and from t ₂ to t ₃ (departure time) with their subsequent measurement, as well as using the initial conditions specified in the form of numerical constants, namely, l ₀ is the total length l ₁ and l ₂ ; f ₀ is the frequency of the counter pulse generator 16 (or Т ₀ = 1 / f ₀ ) and their product d = l ₀ / f ₀ , the following parameters of the train movement can be determined and calculated by a device located outside the locomotive:
- the speed V _{1 the} train enters the zone l ₀ according to the formula:
V ₁ =

where N ₁ is the number of pulses of the generator 16 contained in the interval from t ₀ to t ₁ , fixed by the counter 9;
- time t _{P the} full train follows the zone l ₀ according to the formula:
t _P = N ₂ T ₀
N ₂ is the number of pulses of the generator 16, contained in the interval from t ₀ to t ₂ , fixed by the counter 15;
- speed V ₂ train departure from zone l ₀ according to the formula:
V ₂ =

where N ₃ is the number of pulses of the generator 16 contained in the interval from t ₂ to t ₃ , fixed by the counter 11;
- average speed V _sr train according to the formula:
V _sr =

=

- the length l _{P of the} train according to the formula:
l _p = l

- determine the direction of train movement by priority of the appearance of the signal at the outputs of the voltage Converter 6;
- determine the nature of the movement of the train (acceleration, deceleration, movement at a constant speed) by comparing V ₁ and V ₂ .

Its main purpose of the zero AC bridge is to record the moments of changes in the identical capacities of the two arms C ₁ and C ₂ due to the passage of the train in zones l ₁ and l ₂ , which first cause phase imbalance of the bridge, but subsequently result in the train being simultaneously in zones l ₁ and l ₂ to the new balance of the bridge under the new conditions. Thus, when entering the train in the output voltage area l ₁ phase bridge changes from ⁰ ° to + φ ^o, and further, the complete entry of the train into the zone l ₂ when the bridge will be balanced again, the output voltage phase changes from φ ^about at 0 ^about . The train will follow the distance equal to l ₁ + l ₂ = l ₀ . Discrete fixation of the phase of the output voltage (0 ^o , + φ ^o , 0 ^o ) is provided by the signal phase determination unit 4, consisting of two strobe operational amplifiers connected in parallel, one without inversion, and the other with inversion of the output signal. This inclusion provides a unified mode of operation of the bridge, independent of the order of priority of changes in the values of C ₁ and C ₂ (i.e., independent of the direction of train movement; it is clear that when the train moves in the opposite direction, when the value of C ₂ first changes, and then C ₁ , the phase change of the output voltage will occur in the sequence 0 ^about , -φ ^about , 0 ^about ). The output voltages with the frequency of the strobe pulses from the outputs of the first or second operational amplifiers are converted by the converter (with two separate outputs) into constant voltages, the time ratios of which are used in the work of all other nodes and units of the device.

 Using the AC bridge, characteristic moments of time are recorded when the train moves in the zone and they are represented by a triple discrete-shaped stroke, which, using the operational amplifiers of block 4, is converted to a binary stroke (0,1), unified for digital elements of discrete action.

The device, depending on particular technical requirements, allows the use of sections of arbitrary, but fixed length l ₀ and arbitrary, but fixed frequencies l _{0 of} the counter pulse generator.

 The device operates as follows.

Before you begin, in the unit for setting constants 20 enter specific data on the values of l ₀ , f ₀ , T ₀ and d. The initial conditions in the absence of a train in zone l ₀ are: equality of capacitances C ₁ and C ₂ in bridge 1 (i.e., the balance of the bridge), operation of generators 3 and 16 in auto-generation mode, zero voltage values at the outputs a, b of the converter, zero states of counters 9, 11, 15 and triggers. There will be no signals on the input / output buses of the microprocessor and its input control circuits.

When the train enters the zone l ₁ at the moment t ₀ (Fig. 3, diagram I _C1 ; Fig. 3 arrow with the designation П _t0 ), the capacity value С ₁ will begin to increase, which will cause the phase imbalance of the bridge from 0 ^o to + φ ^о , which is fixed by block 4 (Fig. 2, diagram φ _f ), and at the output of the converter a unit voltage of positive (negative) polarity appears. Note that when a train appears on the opposite side (i.e., on the l ₂ side, causing an increase in C ₂ capacity), the unbalance of the bridge from 0 ^о to - φ ^{о is} fixed by the appearance of a unit voltage at the output of the b converter of the same polarity. In the first case, the voltage from the output of the converter a, the first trigger 7.1 on the left will be set to a single output state, having prepared the first block on the left with recording permission 19.1 to trigger signals from the output of the first left driver of the write command 18.1. The output voltage of the first trigger 7.1 will further block the operation of the second trigger 7.2 and the operation of the second blocks on the right 18.1 and 19.1. The voltage from the output and also goes to the first inputs of the first element And 8 and the element OR 12, the output signal of which through a frequency divider (for example, based on a trigger with a counting input that implements the division by two) 13 will go to the first input of the second element And 14, t .to. Since the individual signals at the first inputs of the elements And 8 and 14 are enable, then the pulses of the generator 16 through their second inputs will begin from this moment to arrive at the first 9 and second 15 counters (Fig. 2, diagrams U ₈ , U ₉ , U ₁₄ , U ₁₅ )

With continued movement of the train, the situation will not change until the train is completely in the zones l ₁ and l ₂ (Fig. 3, P _t1 ; in Fig. 2, moment t ₁ ) and the bridge is not balanced again due to the fact that the tanks C ₁ and C ₂ will have the same increments.

The loss of a single signal from the output of the converter 6.1 will cause the prohibition of passing through the first element And 8 pulses of the generator 16 (Fig. 2, diagrams U ₈ and U ₉ ), but will not make changes to the operation of the frequency divider 13 circuit (because the trigger divider will change its output signal is only on the second signal from the output of the OR element 12), the second AND element 14 and the second counter 15. Thus, the first counter 9 will fix the number of pulses proportional to the train travel time equal to l ₀ . This state of the bridge will be until the tail of the train begins to leave the zone l1 (Fig. 3 P _t2 ). At this moment, a new imbalance of the bridge will occur (i.e., C ₁ <C ₂ ), which is illustrated by the diagrams of FIG. 2 I _C1 , φ _f , U ₁₄ , U ₁₀ , U ₁₅ , U ₁₁ , moment t ₂ , the consequences of which will lead to the following. A negative phase imbalance signal will appear at the output of the bridge, which, after inversion of unit 4 by the second operational amplifier and conversion in converter 6.2, appears at its output b as a single signal. This signal, arriving at the first input of the third element And 10 will allow the passage of pulses from the output of the generator 16 to the input of the third counter 11, and at the same time through the second input of the element OR 12 will set the divider 13 to a state with zero output, which will prevent the passage of pulses of the generator 16 on the input of the second counter 15. At the output of the counter 15 a number will be generated proportional to the train travel time of zone l ₁ . At the same time, the voltage of a single signal from the output of the converter 6, without changing the state of the second trigger 7.2, will be fed to the input of the first driver 18.1 of the write command (left), which is a differentiating circuit with a trailing edge impulse from the voltage from the output to (t. e. at time t ₃ , Fig. 2, plot U ₁₀ - trailing edge).

After the train leaves the zone l ₁ (Fig. 3 P _t3 ) and the bridge is again balanced, a zero signal appears at the output of the converter (a single signal disappears), which will prevent the passage of pulses from the output of the first block (left) of recording permission (at the first input 19.1 there is a single signal from the output of the first trigger 7.1, and at the second there is a signal that the counter 11 is running out) for the microprocessor 17 control circuit. By this time, the counter 11 will fix a number proportional to the train travel time of length l ₀ when leaving. Because at the outputs of the counters 9, 11, 14 and at the output of block 20, there will be codes of numbers of all the necessary parameters for calculating the movement of the train, then upon receipt of the output signal of the first circuit 19.1, containing information about the end of the measurement cycle about the direction of movement of the train and about the order of reading information from counters (in the case under consideration, reading is carried out first from the first 9, then from the second 15, and lastly from the third 11 counters: if the train moves in the opposite direction, then the reading is made according to the signal from the second signal block 19.2 on the right from the third 11, then - from the second 15 and lastly - from the first 9 counters, the data are entered into the microprocessor 17 and the latter implements the parameter calculation program according to the formulas given above.The calculation results are recorded by block 21, at the end whose operation the signal "reset", arriving at the counters 9, 11, 15 and triggers 7, the device is restored to its initial state.

Claims (1)

 DEVICE FOR DETERMINING TRAIN MOTION PARAMETERS, comprising an AC bridge, two arms of which are formed by two half-windings of a differential transformer, and the other two are capacitive elements located at the rails, and a phase determination unit is connected respectively to the bridge diagonals through the secondary winding of the differential transformer the signal and directly the sinusoidal voltage generator, the output of which is connected to the corresponding other through a gate pulse generator the strokes of the signal phase determination unit, to the outputs of which signal conditioners are connected, the outputs of which are connected to one of the inputs of one and the other AND elements, and accordingly to one and the other inputs of the OR element, a pulse generator whose output is connected to one of the inputs of the third AND element, the output of which connected to the input of the pulse counter, the output of which is connected to one of the inputs of the information processing unit, characterized in that, in order to improve accuracy, it is equipped with a constant setting unit, command shapers for recording blocks recording permission connected to the input with the output of the OR element, and the output to another input of the third element AND, the divider, additional pulse counters, the element And the trigger, one input of which is connected to the mentioned output of the first signal conditioner, the other input to the output the first trigger, and the output with one of the inputs of the first trigger and with one of the inputs of the first recording enable unit, the other input of which is connected to the output of one of the write command formers, the input of which is connected to the mentioned output horn driver, which is connected to another input of the second trigger, the output of which is connected to one of the inputs of the second recording permission unit, the other input of which is connected to connected to the output of the first driver of the signal to the output of another driver of the recording command, and the output is connected to the second input information processing unit, the third input of which is connected to the output of the first recording permission block, the fourth input is connected to the output connected by the input to the output of the first element And the second th pulse counter, and the fifth input is connected to the output of the third pulse counter, the input of which is connected to the output of the second element And connected to the second input of the pulse generator, connected to the second input of the first element And to the said output, and the sixth input of the information processing unit, the output of which is turned on a recorder connected to the output of the constant setting unit.

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