RU2020115396A - Способ и установка для гидроочистки пиролизного масла - Google Patents
Способ и установка для гидроочистки пиролизного масла Download PDFInfo
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- RU2020115396A RU2020115396A RU2020115396A RU2020115396A RU2020115396A RU 2020115396 A RU2020115396 A RU 2020115396A RU 2020115396 A RU2020115396 A RU 2020115396A RU 2020115396 A RU2020115396 A RU 2020115396A RU 2020115396 A RU2020115396 A RU 2020115396A
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- pyrolysis
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- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims 15
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title claims 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims 17
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 11
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims 11
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 6
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims 6
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims 5
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
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- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
- C10J3/60—Processes
- C10J3/62—Processes with separate withdrawal of the distillation products
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- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
- C01B3/12—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
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- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
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- C10G3/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
- C10G3/50—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids in the presence of hydrogen, hydrogen donors or hydrogen generating compounds
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- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
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- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
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- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/04—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by cooling to condense non-gaseous materials
- C10K1/06—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by cooling to condense non-gaseous materials combined with spraying with water
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
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- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/042—Purification by adsorption on solids
- C01B2203/043—Regenerative adsorption process in two or more beds, one for adsorption, the other for regeneration
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- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1011—Biomass
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- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
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- C10J2300/0909—Drying
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- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
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- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
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- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
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- C10J2300/1853—Steam reforming, i.e. injection of steam only
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- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
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- C10J2300/1892—Heat exchange between at least two process streams with one stream being water/steam
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Claims (27)
1. Способ получения углеводородов из биомассы, включающий следующие стадии:
стадию пиролиза, на которой сухую биомассу (Bd) нагревают в инертной среде, при этом получают продукт пиролиза (PP) и уголь (C);
стадию сепаратора пиролиза, на которой уголь (C) отделяется от продукта пиролиза (PP),
стадию газификации, на которой отделенный уголь (C) нагревают в среде, содержащей водяной пар (Wst), для восстановления указанного угля (C) с образованием синтез-газа (Sh),
стадию охлаждения и очистки полученного синтез-газа (Sh) с целью получения очищенного синтез-газа (Sp),
стадию газового сепаратора, на которой газообразный водород (H2) отделяют от очищенного синтез-газа (Sp),
отличающийся извлечением пиролизного масла (PO) путем охлаждения продукта пиролиза (PP) и путем отделения по меньшей мере части газообразного водорода (H2) и рекуперации его на стадии гидрирования, на которой пиролизное масло (PO) подвергается гидрированию в присутствии газообразного водорода (H2), при этом получают углеводороды (BO), которые по существу не содержат кислорода.
2. Способ по п.1, в котором стадию сушки влажной биомассы (Bw) в сухую биомассу (Bd) осуществляют до стадии пиролиза.
3. Способ по п.1 или 2, в котором по меньшей мере одна стадия теплообмена включена в способ, где избыточное тепло по меньшей мере одной стадии используется на утилизирующей тепло стадии по меньшей мере одной другой стадии.
4. Способ по п.3, в котором все стадии способа, кроме стадии нагревания отделенного угля (C) с образованием синтез-газа (Sh), нагреваются избыточным теплом из других стадий способа.
5. Способ по п.3, в котором все стадии способа нагреваются избыточным теплом из других стадий способа или в результате экзотермических реакций остаточных продуктов, полученных на других стадиях способа.
6. Способ по п.3, в котором остаточный газ (RG1), полученный на стадии газового сепаратора, используется в теплообменнике (10) для получения тепла (Hgf) для стадии газификации отделенного угля (C) и/или тепла (Hpd) для стадии пиролиза.
7. Способ по п.3, в котором остаточный газ (RG2), полученный в качестве побочного продукта на стадии гидрирования, используется в теплообменнике (10) для получения тепла (Hgf) для стадии газификации отделенного угля (C) и/или тепла (Hpd) для стадии пиролиза.
8. Способ по п.2, в котором продукт пиролиза (PP) охлаждают в конденсаторе (8), в результате чего образуется избыточное тепло (HR1), которое может использоваться на стадии сушки влажной биомассы (Bw).
9. Способ по п.2, в котором полученные углеводороды (BOh) охлаждают в охлаждающем устройстве (9), и в котором избыточное тепло (HR2) образуется в указанном охлаждающем устройстве (9), которое используется на стадии сушки влажной биомассы (Bw).
10. Установка для получения углеводородов из биомассы, содержащая:
реактор (2) пиролиза, в котором сухая биомасса (Bd) нагревается в среде, по существу не содержащей кислорода и галогенов, при этом получают продукт пиролиза (PP) и уголь (C);
реактор (3) газификации, в котором отделенный уголь (C) нагревается в среде, содержащей водяной пар (Wst), для восстановления указанного угля (C) с получением синтез-газа (Sh),
охладитель (4) газа, в котором полученный синтез-газ (Sh) охлаждается с образованием охлажденного синтез-газа (Srt);
систему (5) кондиционирования под давлением, в которой охлажденный синтез-газ (Srt) очищается с образованием очищенного синтез-газа (Sp),
разделительное устройство (6), в котором газообразный водород (H2) отделяется от очищенного синтез-газа (Sp),
отличающаяся тем, что установка также содержит устройство (7) гидрирования, в котором пиролизное масло (PO), полученное из продукта пиролиза (PP), и по меньшей мере часть отделенного газообразного водорода (H2), полученного из разделительного устройства (6), вводятся на стадию гидрирования, на которой пиролизное масло (PO) подвергается гидрированию в присутствии газообразного водорода (H2), при этом получают углеводороды (BO), которые по существу не содержат кислорода.
11. Установка по п.10, где установка также включает в себя конденсатор (8), в котором продукт пиролиза (PP) из реактора (3) пиролиза охлаждается с образованием пиролизного масла (PO) и пиролизного газа (PG), при этом пиролизное масло (PO) может быть подано в устройство (7) гидрирования.
12. Установка по п.10 или 11, в которой сушилка (1) для биомассы предназначена для сушки влажной биомассы (Bw) в сухую биомассу (Bd), причем сухая биомасса (Bd) подается в реактор (2) пиролиза.
13. Установка по пп.10, 11 или 12, в которой предусмотрен по меньшей мере один теплообменник, и в которой избыточное тепло по меньшей мере одной части установки используется на утилизирующей тепло стадии по меньшей мере одной другой части установки.
14. Установка по п.13, в которой все части установки, за исключением реактора газификации, нагреваются избыточным теплом из других частей установки.
15. Установка по п.13, в которой все части установки нагреваются за счет избыточного тепла из других частей установки или за счет экзотермических реакций остаточных продуктов, образующихся в других частях установки.
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PCT/SE2018/051032 WO2019074431A1 (en) | 2017-10-13 | 2018-10-08 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR HYDROTREATING PYROLYTIC OIL |
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