RU2018135050A - COMPOSITION OF RAW OIL CONTAINING AN ADDITIVE FOR IMPROVEMENT OF THE RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF THE PARAFFIN RAW OIL - Google Patents

COMPOSITION OF RAW OIL CONTAINING AN ADDITIVE FOR IMPROVEMENT OF THE RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF THE PARAFFIN RAW OIL Download PDF

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RU2018135050A
RU2018135050A RU2018135050A RU2018135050A RU2018135050A RU 2018135050 A RU2018135050 A RU 2018135050A RU 2018135050 A RU2018135050 A RU 2018135050A RU 2018135050 A RU2018135050 A RU 2018135050A RU 2018135050 A RU2018135050 A RU 2018135050A
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mass
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crude oil
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RU2018135050A
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RU2740208C2 (en
RU2018135050A3 (en
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Артём УЧАЕВ
Алиса ГАПЧЕНКО
Ганс-Ульрих МОРИЦ
Вернер ПАУЭР
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Университет Гамбург
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    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F212/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring
    • C08F212/02—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
    • C08F212/04—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical containing one ring
    • C08F212/06—Hydrocarbons
    • C08F212/08—Styrene
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    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L91/00—Compositions of oils, fats or waxes; Compositions of derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/195—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10L1/196—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and a carboxyl group or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical or of salts, anhydrides or esters thereof
    • C10L1/1966—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and a carboxyl group or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical or of salts, anhydrides or esters thereof poly-carboxylic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/14—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving low temperature properties
    • C10L10/16—Pour-point depressants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M145/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M145/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate
    • C10M145/12—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate monocarboxylic
    • C10M145/14—Acrylate; Methacrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
    • C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
    • C08F220/04—Acids; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
    • C08F220/06—Acrylic acid; Methacrylic acid; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
    • C10L2200/04—Organic compounds
    • C10L2200/0407—Specifically defined hydrocarbon fractions as obtained from, e.g. a distillation column
    • C10L2200/0453—Petroleum or natural waxes, e.g. paraffin waxes, asphaltenes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2230/00—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole
    • C10L2230/08—Inhibitors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2250/00—Structural features of fuel components or fuel compositions, either in solid, liquid or gaseous state
    • C10L2250/04—Additive or component is a polymer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/04—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing aromatic monomers, e.g. styrene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/04—Molecular weight; Molecular weight distribution
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
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Claims (21)

1. Композиция сырой нефти, содержащая парафиновую сырую нефть и определенное количество добавки, вызывающей снижение температуры потери текучести сырой нефти, при этом указанная добавка содержит по меньшей мере один сополимер, состоящий из по меньшей мере двух сомономеров, при этом все сомономеры, составляющие сополимер, выбирают из групп (а) и (b) сомономеров, при этом группа (а) сомономеров состоит из акриловой кислоты и метакриловой кислоты и группа (b) сомономеров состоит из стирола и производного стирола.1. The composition of the crude oil containing paraffin crude oil and a certain amount of additive that causes a decrease in the temperature of the loss of fluidity of the crude oil, wherein the additive contains at least one copolymer consisting of at least two comonomers, all comonomers making up the copolymer, selected from groups (a) and (b) of comonomers, wherein group (a) of comonomers consists of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid and group (b) of comonomers consists of styrene and a styrene derivative. 2. Композиция сырой нефти по п. 1, отличающаяся тем, что указанная добавка содержит по меньшей мере один сополимер в количестве от 0,05 до 50% по массе, предпочтительно от 0,5 до 50% по массе, от 1 до 50% по массе, от 2,5 до 50% по массе или от 5 до 50% по массе, более предпочтительно от 5 до 45% по массе, от 10 до 45% по массе, от 15 до 45% по массе или от 15 до 40% по массе, особенно предпочтительно от 20 до 40% по массе.2. The composition of the crude oil according to claim 1, characterized in that said additive contains at least one copolymer in an amount of from 0.05 to 50% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 50% by weight, from 1 to 50% by mass, from 2.5 to 50% by mass or from 5 to 50% by mass, more preferably from 5 to 45% by mass, from 10 to 45% by mass, from 15 to 45% by mass or from 15 to 40% by weight, particularly preferably 20 to 40% by weight. 3. Композиция сырой нефти по п. 1 или 2, отличающаяся тем, что по меньшей мере один сополимер имеет среднечисловую молекулярную массу от 2000 до 30000 г/моль, предпочтительно от 5000 до 30000 г/моль, более предпочтительно от 10000 до <30,000 г/моль, от 10000 до 30000 г/моль, от 10000 до 29000 г/моль, от 10000 до 28000 г/моль, от 10000 до 27000 г/моль, от 10000 до 26000 г/моль или от 10000 до 25000 г/моль или от 10000 до 25000 г/моль.3. The crude oil composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one copolymer has a number average molecular weight of from 2000 to 30,000 g / mol, preferably from 5,000 to 30,000 g / mol, more preferably from 10,000 to <30,000 g / mol, from 10,000 to 30,000 g / mol, from 10,000 to 29,000 g / mol, from 10,000 to 28,000 g / mol, from 10,000 to 27,000 g / mol, from 10,000 to 26,000 g / mol or from 10,000 to 25,000 g / mol or from 10,000 to 25,000 g / mol. 4. Композиция сырой нефти по одному из пп. 1-3, отличающаяся тем, что доля сомономеров группы (а) в по меньшей мере одном сополимере в расчете на смесь сомономеров составляет от 0,6 до <10,0% по массе, предпочтительно от 1,0 до <10,0% по массе, более предпочтительно от 1,0 до 9,0% по массе, от 2,0 до 9,0% по массе, от 3,0 до 9,0% по массе, от 4,0 до 9,0% по массе, от 5,0 до 9,0% по массе или от 5,0 до 8,0% по массе.4. The composition of crude oil according to one of paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the proportion of comonomers of group (a) in at least one copolymer based on a mixture of comonomers is from 0.6 to <10.0% by weight, preferably from 1.0 to <10.0% by mass, more preferably from 1.0 to 9.0% by mass, from 2.0 to 9.0% by mass, from 3.0 to 9.0% by mass, from 4.0 to 9.0% by weight, from 5.0 to 9.0% by weight or from 5.0 to 8.0% by weight. 5. Композиция сырой нефти по одному из пп. 1-4, отличающаяся тем, что по меньшей мере один сополимер состоит из двух сомономеров, при этом сомономер из группы (а) сомономеров представляет собой акриловую кислоту или метакриловую кислоту, предпочтительно акриловую кислоту, и сомономер из группы (b) сомономеров представляет собой стирол или производное стирола, предпочтительно стирол.5. The composition of crude oil according to one of paragraphs. 1-4, characterized in that at least one copolymer consists of two comonomers, the comonomer from the group (a) of the comonomers is acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, preferably acrylic acid, and the comonomer from the group (b) of comonomers is styrene or a styrene derivative, preferably styrene. 6. Композиция сырой нефти по одному из пп. 1-5, отличающаяся тем, что указанная добавка дополнительно содержит по меньшей мере один органический растворитель, при этом указанный органический растворитель предпочтительно представляет собой ароматический растворитель, более предпочтительно ароматический углеводород, и более предпочтительно выбран из толуола, ксилола, триметилбензола, этилбензола, диметилнафталина или их смеси.6. The composition of crude oil according to one of paragraphs. 1-5, characterized in that the additive further comprises at least one organic solvent, wherein said organic solvent is preferably an aromatic solvent, more preferably an aromatic hydrocarbon, and more preferably selected from toluene, xylene, trimethylbenzene, ethylbenzene, dimethylnaphthalene or mixtures thereof. 7. Композиция сырой нефти по одному из пп. 1-6, содержащая определенное количество добавки, вызывающей снижение температуры потери текучести сырой нефти, определенной согласно ASTM D5853, на по меньшей мере 1°С, предпочтительно по меньшей мере 2°С, по меньшей мере 3°С, по меньшей мере 4°С, по меньшей мере 5°С, по меньшей мере 6°С, по меньшей мере 7°С, по меньшей мере 8°С, по меньшей мере 9°С или по меньшей мере 10°С.7. The composition of crude oil according to one of paragraphs. 1-6, containing a certain amount of additive that causes a decrease in the temperature of the loss of fluidity of the crude oil, determined according to ASTM D5853, at least 1 ° C, preferably at least 2 ° C, at least 3 ° C, at least 4 ° With at least 5 ° C, at least 6 ° C, at least 7 ° C, at least 8 ° C, at least 9 ° C, or at least 10 ° C. 8. Композиция сырой нефти по одному из пп. 1-7, содержащая по меньшей мере один сополимер в количестве от 1 до 1000 ppmw (частей на миллион по массе), предпочтительно от 5 до 1000 ppmw или от 5 до 750 ppmw, особенно предпочтительно от 5 до 500 ppmw, от 10 до 500 ppmw, от 10 до 300 ppmw или от 15 до 250 ppmw.8. The composition of crude oil according to one of paragraphs. 1-7, containing at least one copolymer in an amount of from 1 to 1000 ppmw (parts per million by weight), preferably from 5 to 1000 ppmw or from 5 to 750 ppmw, particularly preferably from 5 to 500 ppmw, from 10 to 500 ppmw, 10 to 300 ppmw or 15 to 250 ppmw. 9. Способ получения композиции сырой нефти, имеющей пониженную температуру потери текучести по сравнению с сырой нефтью, включающий введение в сырую нефть добавки в количестве, вызывающем снижение температуры потери текучести, при этом указанная добавка содержит по меньшей мере один сополимер, добавка которого состоит из по меньшей мере двух сомономеров, при этом все сомономеры, составляющие сополимер, выбирают из групп (а) и (b) сомономеров, при этом группа (а) сомономеров состоит из акриловой кислоты и метакриловой кислоты и группа (b) сомономеров состоит из стирола и производного стирола.9. A method of obtaining a composition of crude oil having a lower pour point compared to crude oil, comprising introducing an additive into the crude oil in an amount causing a decrease in the pour point, wherein said additive contains at least one copolymer, the additive of which consists of at least two comonomers, while all the comonomers making up the copolymer are selected from groups (a) and (b) of comonomers, while group (a) of comonomers consists of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid and group (b) of comonomers consists of styrene and a derivative styrene. 10. Способ по п. 9, отличающийся тем, что добавку вводят в сырую нефть, содержащую по меньшей мере один сополимер в количестве от 0,05 до 50% по массе, предпочтительно от 0,5 до 50% по массе, от 1 до 50% по массе, от 2,5 до 50% по массе или от 5 до 50% по массе, более предпочтительно от 5 до 45% по массе, от 10 до 45% по массе, от 15 до 45% по массе или от 15 до 40% по массе, особенно предпочтительно от 20 до 40% по массе.10. The method according to p. 9, characterized in that the additive is introduced into crude oil containing at least one copolymer in an amount of from 0.05 to 50% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 50% by weight, from 1 to 50% by mass, 2.5 to 50% by mass or 5 to 50% by mass, more preferably 5 to 45% by mass, 10 to 45% by mass, 15 to 45% by mass, or 15 to 40% by weight, particularly preferably 20 to 40% by weight. 11. Способ по п. 9 или 10, отличающийся тем, что в сырую нефть вводят добавку,11. The method according to p. 9 or 10, characterized in that the additive is added to the crude oil, a. в которой по меньшей мере один сополимер имеет среднечисловую молекулярную массу от 2000 до 30000 г/моль, предпочтительно от 5000 до 30000 г/моль, более предпочтительно от 10000 до <30,000 г/моль, от 10000 до 30000 г/моль, от 10000 до 29000 г/моль, от 10000 до 28000 г/моль, от 10000 до 27000 г/моль, от 10000 до 26000 г/моль или от 10000 до 25000 г/моль или от 10000 до 25000 г/моль, и/илиa. in which at least one copolymer has a number average molecular weight of from 2000 to 30,000 g / mol, preferably from 5,000 to 30,000 g / mol, more preferably from 10,000 to <30,000 g / mol, from 10,000 to 30,000 g / mol, from 10,000 to 29,000 g / mol, 10,000 to 28,000 g / mol, 10,000 to 27,000 g / mol, 10,000 to 26,000 g / mol, or 10,000 to 25,000 g / mol, or 10,000 to 25,000 g / mol, and / or b. в которой доля сомономеров группы (а) в по меньшей мере одном сополимере в расчете на смесь сомономеров составляет от 0,6 до <10,0% по массе, предпочтительно от 1,0 до <10,0% по массе, более предпочтительно от 1,0 до 9,0% по массе, от 2,0 до 9,0% по массе, от 3,0 до 9,0% по массе, от 4,0 до 9,0% по массе, от 5,0 до 9,0% по массе или от 5,0 до 8,0% по массе, и/илиb. in which the proportion of comonomers of group (a) in at least one copolymer based on the mixture of comonomers is from 0.6 to <10.0% by weight, preferably from 1.0 to <10.0% by weight, more preferably from 1.0 to 9.0% by mass, from 2.0 to 9.0% by mass, from 3.0 to 9.0% by mass, from 4.0 to 9.0% by mass, from 5, 0 to 9.0% by weight or from 5.0 to 8.0% by weight, and / or c. в которой по меньшей мере один сополимер состоит из двух сомономеров, при этом сомономер из группы (а) сомономеров представляет собой акриловую кислоту или метакриловую кислоту, предпочтительно акриловую кислоту, и сомономер из группы (b) сомономеров представляет собой стирол или производное стирола, предпочтительно стирол, и/илиc. in which at least one copolymer consists of two comonomers, wherein the comonomer from the group (a) of the comonomers is acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, preferably acrylic acid, and the comonomer from the group (b) of comonomers is styrene or a styrene derivative, preferably styrene , and / or d. которая дополнительно содержит по меньшей мере один органический растворитель, при этом указанный органический растворитель предпочтительно представляет собой ароматический растворитель, более предпочтительно представляет собой ароматический углеводород, и более предпочтительно выбран из толуола, ксилола, триметилбензола, этилбензола, диметилнафталина или их смеси.d. which further comprises at least one organic solvent, wherein said organic solvent is preferably an aromatic solvent, more preferably an aromatic hydrocarbon, and more preferably selected from toluene, xylene, trimethylbenzene, ethylbenzene, dimethylnaphthalene or a mixture thereof. 12. Способ согласно одному из пп. 9-11, отличающийся тем, что в сырую нефть вводят определенное количество добавки, вызывающей снижение температуры потери текучести, определенной согласно ASTM D5853, на по меньшей мере 1°С, предпочтительно по меньшей мере 2°С, по меньшей мере 3°С, по меньшей мере 4°С, по меньшей мере 5°С, по меньшей мере 6°С, по меньшей мере 7°С, по меньшей мере 8°С, по меньшей мере 9°С или по меньшей мере 10°С.12. The method according to one of paragraphs. 9-11, characterized in that a certain amount of additive is introduced into the crude oil, causing a decrease in the pour point, determined according to ASTM D5853, by at least 1 ° C, preferably at least 2 ° C, at least 3 ° C, at least 4 ° C, at least 5 ° C, at least 6 ° C, at least 7 ° C, at least 8 ° C, at least 9 ° C, or at least 10 ° C. 13. Способ согласно одному из пп. 9-12, отличающийся тем, что в сырую нефть вводят определенное количество добавки таким образом, чтобы композиция сырой нефти содержала по меньшей мере один сополимер в количестве от 1 до 1000 ppmw, предпочтительно от 5 до 1000 ppmw или от 5 до 750 ppmw, более предпочтительно от 5 до 500 ppmw, от 10 до 500 ppmw, от 10 до 300 ppmw или от 15 до 250 ppmw.13. The method according to one of paragraphs. 9-12, characterized in that a certain amount of additive is added to the crude oil so that the crude oil composition contains at least one copolymer in an amount of from 1 to 1000 ppmw, preferably from 5 to 1000 ppmw or from 5 to 750 ppmw, more preferably 5 to 500 ppmw, 10 to 500 ppmw, 10 to 300 ppmw, or 15 to 250 ppmw. 14. Применение сополимера или смеси сополимеров, состоящих из по меньшей мере двух сомономеров, при этом все сомономеры указанного сополимера или смеси сополимеров выбраны из групп (а) и (b) сомономеров, при этом группа (а) сомономеров состоит из акриловой кислоты и метакриловой кислоты и группа (b) сомономеров состоит из стирола или производного стирола, в качестве добавки для улучшения реологических свойств парафиновой сырой нефти.14. The use of a copolymer or mixture of copolymers consisting of at least two comonomers, all comonomers of said copolymer or mixture of copolymers selected from groups (a) and (b) of comonomers, wherein group (a) of comonomers consists of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid and the group (b) of the comonomers consists of styrene or a styrene derivative, as an additive to improve the rheological properties of paraffin crude oil. 15. Применение по п. 14 для снижения температуры потери текучести парафиновой сырой нефти, предпочтительно на по меньшей мере 1°С, предпочтительно по меньшей мере 2°С, по меньшей мере 3°С, по меньшей мере 4°С, по меньшей мере 5°С, по меньшей мере 6°С, по меньшей мере 7°С, по меньшей мере 8°С, по меньшей мере 9°С или по меньшей мере 10°С.15. The use according to p. 14 to reduce the temperature of the loss of fluidity of paraffin crude oil, preferably at least 1 ° C, preferably at least 2 ° C, at least 3 ° C, at least 4 ° C, at least 5 ° C, at least 6 ° C, at least 7 ° C, at least 8 ° C, at least 9 ° C, or at least 10 ° C. 16. Применение по п. 14 или 15, отличающееся тем, что сополимер или смесь сополимеров присутствует в органическом растворителе в растворенной форме, при этом указанный сополимер или смесь сополимеров составляет от 0,05 до 50% по массе, предпочтительно от 0,5 до 50% по массе, от 1 до 50% по массе, от 2,5 до 50% по массе или от 5 до 50% по массе, более предпочтительно от 5 до 45% по массе, от 10 до 45% по массе, от 15 до 45% по массе или от 15 до 40% по массе, более предпочтительно от 20 до 40% по массе относительно массы раствора сополимера или смеси сополимеров и органического растворителя.16. The use according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the copolymer or mixture of copolymers is present in dissolved form in the organic solvent, wherein said copolymer or mixture of copolymers is from 0.05 to 50% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 50% by mass, from 1 to 50% by mass, from 2.5 to 50% by mass or from 5 to 50% by mass, more preferably from 5 to 45% by mass, from 10 to 45% by mass, from 15 to 45% by weight or 15 to 40% by weight, more preferably 20 to 40% by weight relative to the weight of the copolymer solution or a mixture of copolymers and an organic solvent. 17. Применение по п. 16, отличающееся тем, что сополимер или смесь сополимеров присутствует в ароматическом растворителе, предпочтительно в ароматическом растворителе, выбранном из толуола, ксилола, триметилбензола, этилбензола, диметилнафталина или их смеси.17. The use according to claim 16, wherein the copolymer or mixture of copolymers is present in an aromatic solvent, preferably in an aromatic solvent selected from toluene, xylene, trimethylbenzene, ethylbenzene, dimethylnaphthalene, or a mixture thereof.
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