RU2017144182A - Изоляционная плитка и способ для ее производства - Google Patents

Изоляционная плитка и способ для ее производства Download PDF

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RU2017144182A
RU2017144182A RU2017144182A RU2017144182A RU2017144182A RU 2017144182 A RU2017144182 A RU 2017144182A RU 2017144182 A RU2017144182 A RU 2017144182A RU 2017144182 A RU2017144182 A RU 2017144182A RU 2017144182 A RU2017144182 A RU 2017144182A
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layer
insulating
bulk compound
flat surface
insulating material
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RU2017144182A
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RU2744451C2 (ru
RU2017144182A3 (ru
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Хенри НИЕМИНЕН
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Финнфоум Ой
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/44—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
    • E04C2/52—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits
    • E04C2/521—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits serving for locating conduits; for ventilating, heating or cooling
    • E04C2/523—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits serving for locating conduits; for ventilating, heating or cooling for ventilating
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/70—Drying or keeping dry, e.g. by air vents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
    • B32B13/04—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B13/045—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
    • B32B13/04—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B13/12—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B32B3/30—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer formed with recesses or projections, e.g. hollows, grooves, protuberances, ribs
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    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/70—Drying or keeping dry, e.g. by air vents
    • E04B1/7069—Drying or keeping dry, e.g. by air vents by ventilating
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    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
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    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
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    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
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    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E04C2/288—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
    • E04D3/35—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation
    • E04D3/351—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation at least one of the layers being composed of insulating material, e.g. fibre or foam material
    • E04D3/355—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation at least one of the layers being composed of insulating material, e.g. fibre or foam material the insulating layers of adjacent slabs having cooperating edges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0875—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having a basic insulating layer and at least one covering layer
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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    • E04F13/0875—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having a basic insulating layer and at least one covering layer
    • E04F13/0878—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having a basic insulating layer and at least one covering layer the basic insulating layer comprising mutual alignment or interlocking means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
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    • E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
    • E04F13/141—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of concrete
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
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    • E04F15/082—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete; of glass or with a top layer of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete or glass with a top layer of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete or glass in combination with a lower layer of other material
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    • E04F15/082—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete; of glass or with a top layer of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete or glass with a top layer of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete or glass in combination with a lower layer of other material
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    • E04F15/107—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials composed of several layers, e.g. sandwich panels
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)

Claims (21)

1. Изоляционная плитка (10), содержащая первую плоскую поверхность, вторую плоскую поверхность и боковые поверхности, ограничивающие упомянутые поверхности, при этом плитка (10) содержит
слой (1) наливного компаунда,
слой (2) изоляционного материала, выполненный из теплоизоляционного материала, предел прочности при сжатии которого составляет по меньшей мере 10 кПа,
при этом слой (1) наливного компаунда образует первую плоскую поверхность изоляционной плитки (10), а слой (2) изоляционного материала образует вторую плоскую поверхность изоляционной плитки (10), при этом слой (2) изоляционного материала содержит бороздки в той области плоской поверхности, которая будет находиться напротив слоя (1) наливного компаунда, отличающаяся тем, что слой (1) наливного компаунда заходит частично в эти бороздки на поверхности слоя (2) изоляционного материала таким образом, что в бороздках на поверхности слоя (2) изоляционного материала остается зазор (4) между слоем (2) изоляционного материала и слоем (1) наливного компаунда.
2. Изоляционная плитка по п. 1, отличающаяся тем, что плоская поверхность слоя (2) изоляционного материала, которая будет находиться напротив слоя (1) наливного компаунда, содержит бороздки в продольном и/или поперечном направлении поверхности.
3. Изоляционная плитка по п. 1 или 2, отличающаяся тем, что теплоизоляционный материал представляет собой экструдированный полистирол (XPS), газонаполненный полистирол (EPS), полиуретан (PIR/PUR) или вспененную фенолформальдегидную смолу.
4. Изоляционная плитка по любому из предшествующих пунктов, отличающаяся тем, что слой изоляционного материала содержит 1-80 мас.%, предпочтительно 1-50 мас.% переработанных экструдированного полистирола, газонаполненного полистирола, полиуретана (PIR/PUR) или вспененной фенолформальдегидной смолы или гранул из переработанной резины.
5. Изоляционная плитка по любому из предшествующих пунктов, отличающаяся тем, что изоляционная плитка (10) имеет бороздку (3a, 3b), проходящую по существу в продольном направлении боковой поверхности, по меньшей мере на одной боковой поверхности.
6. Изоляционная плитка по п. 5, отличающаяся тем, что слой (2) изоляционного материала образован по меньшей мере из одной пластины, которая содержит первую плоскую поверхность, вторую плоскую поверхность и боковые поверхности, ограничивающие упомянутые поверхности, при этом по меньшей мере одна боковая поверхность слоя изоляционного материала, который образован из пластины или пластин, выполнен так, чтобы первая плоская поверхность, которая будет находиться напротив слоя (1) наливного компаунда, была меньше, чем вторая плоская поверхность.
7. Изоляционная плитка по любому из предшествующих пунктов, отличающаяся тем, что слой (1) наливного компаунда содержит бетон, строительный раствор или подобный наливной компаунд, который содержит связующее вещество и неорганический материал.
8. Изоляционная плитка по п. 7, отличающаяся тем, что слой (1) наливного компаунда содержит 1-80 мас.%, предпочтительно 1-50 мас.% переработанных экструдированного полистирола, газонаполненного полистирола, полиуретана (PIR/PUR) или вспененной фенолформальдегидной смолы или гранул из переработанной резины.
9. Изоляционная плитка по любому из предшествующих пунктов, отличающаяся тем, что толщина слоя (2) наливного компаунда, измеряемая между плоской поверхностью слоя изоляционного материала и плоской поверхностью слоя наливного компаунда, составляет 1-20 мм.
10. Изоляционная плитка по любому из предшествующих пунктов, отличающаяся тем, что слой (2) наливного компаунда заходит в бороздки в слое изоляционного материала так, чтобы толщина слоя наливного компаунда в бороздках составляла 2-50 мм, более предпочтительно 10-30 мм.
11. Изоляционная плитка по любому из предшествующих пунктов 5-10, отличающаяся тем, что бороздка (3a, 3b) на боковой поверхности изоляционной плитки (10) образована между слоем (2) изоляционного материала и слоем (1) наливного компаунда.
12. Изоляционная плитка по любому из предшествующих пунктов 5-11, отличающаяся тем, что изоляционная плитка (10) имеет бороздку (3a, 3b) по меньшей мере на двух боковых поверхностях, которые являются по существу параллельными.
13. Изоляционная плитка по любому из предшествующих пунктов, отличающаяся тем, что первая плоская поверхность, образованная слоем (1) наливного компаунда, является структурированной, содержит бороздку/бороздки или содержит другие формы.
14. Использование изоляционной плитки по любому из предшествующих пунктов в половых, кровельных или стеновых конструкциях.
15. Способ производства изоляционной плитки (10), которая содержит первую плоскую поверхность, вторую плоскую поверхность и боковые поверхности, ограничивающие упомянутые поверхности, а также слой (1) наливного компаунда и слой (2) изоляционного материала, причем способ содержит этапы, на которых
наливной компаунд (1a) подают в отливочную форму (11),
на наливной компаунд (1а) в отливочной форме (11) наносят слой изоляционного материала, который образован по меньшей мере из одной пластины (2а), предел прочности при сжатии которой составляет по меньшей мере 10 кПа, при этом слой изоляционного материала содержит бороздки в области плоской поверхности, которая будет находиться напротив слоя (1а) наливного компаунда;
слой изоляционного материала прижимают к наливному компаунду, посредством чего наливной компаунд (1а) равномерно распределяется по отливочной форме (11), формируя тем самым плоскую поверхность изоляционной плитки (10), при этом наливной компаунд (1а) частично заполняет бороздки на поверхности изоляционного материала, находящейся напротив наливного компаунда (1а), причем в бороздках на поверхности слоя изоляционного материала между слоем (2) изоляционного материала и слоем (1) наливного компаунда остается зазор (4).
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