RU2015156473A - METHOD FOR MAKING A DIRECT PRINT PANEL - Google Patents

METHOD FOR MAKING A DIRECT PRINT PANEL Download PDF

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RU2015156473A
RU2015156473A RU2015156473A RU2015156473A RU2015156473A RU 2015156473 A RU2015156473 A RU 2015156473A RU 2015156473 A RU2015156473 A RU 2015156473A RU 2015156473 A RU2015156473 A RU 2015156473A RU 2015156473 A RU2015156473 A RU 2015156473A
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layer
paragraphs
panel according
stove
panel
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RU2015156473A
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Russian (ru)
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RU2644857C2 (en
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Др. Дитер Дёринг
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Кроноплюс Техникаль АГ
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/50—Multilayers
    • B05D7/56—Three layers or more
    • B05D7/58—No clear coat specified
    • B05D7/586—No clear coat specified each layer being cured, at least partially, separately
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F19/00—Apparatus or machines for carrying out printing operations combined with other operations
    • B41F19/001—Apparatus or machines for carrying out printing operations combined with other operations with means for coating or laminating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/06—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation
    • B05D3/061—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation using U.V.
    • B05D3/065—After-treatment
    • B05D3/067—Curing or cross-linking the coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/50—Multilayers
    • B05D7/56—Three layers or more
    • B05D7/58—No clear coat specified
    • B05D7/584—No clear coat specified at least some layers being let to dry, at least partially, before applying the next layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/50—Multilayers
    • B05D7/56—Three layers or more
    • B05D7/58—No clear coat specified
    • B05D7/587—No clear coat specified some layers being coated "wet-on-wet", the others not
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/02—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board the layer being formed of fibres, chips, or particles, e.g. MDF, HDF, OSB, chipboard, particle board, hardboard
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/04—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B21/08—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/308—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/38—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0866—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements composed of several layers, e.g. sandwich panels or layered panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0889—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements characterised by the joints between neighbouring elements, e.g. with joint fillings or with tongue and groove connections
    • E04F13/0894—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements characterised by the joints between neighbouring elements, e.g. with joint fillings or with tongue and groove connections with tongue and groove connections
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/02038—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements characterised by tongue and groove connections between neighbouring flooring elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
    • B05D5/06—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain multicolour or other optical effects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/06—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/06—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to wood
    • B05D7/08—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to wood using synthetic lacquers or varnishes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/10—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials
    • E04F15/102—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials of fibrous or chipped materials, e.g. bonded with synthetic resins
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/10—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials
    • E04F15/107—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials composed of several layers, e.g. sandwich panels

Claims (44)

1. Способ изготовления панелей, в частности - стеновых, потолочных или половых панелей, включающий следующие стадии в указанной последовательности:1. A method of manufacturing panels, in particular wall, ceiling or floor panels, comprising the following steps in the sequence indicated: (a) изготовление несущей плиты;(a) the manufacture of a base plate; (b) нанесение слоя жидкого отверждаемого облучением акрилата, который после отверждения имеет твердость по Мартенсу MS1, лежащую в диапазоне от 0,5 Н/мм2 до 120 Н/мм2;(b) applying a layer of liquid radiation-curable acrylate, which after curing has a Martens hardness M S1 lying in the range from 0.5 N / mm 2 to 120 N / mm 2 ; (c) по меньшей мере частичное отверждение нанесенного на стадии (b) слоя жидкого отверждаемого облучением акрилата посредством облучения;(c) at least partially curing the layer of liquid radiation-curable acrylate applied in step (b) by radiation; (d) необязательное повторение стадий (b) и (с) до получения первого эластичного слоя S1 с толщиной, лежащей в диапазоне от 20 мкм до 600 мкм;(d) optionally repeating steps (b) and (c) until a first elastic layer S 1 is obtained with a thickness ranging from 20 μm to 600 μm; (e) нанесение промежуточного слоя из жидкого отверждаемого облучением акрилата на по меньшей мере частично отвержденный слой;(e) applying an intermediate layer of liquid radiation-curable acrylate to the at least partially cured layer; (f) нанесение следующего слоя S2 из жидкого отверждаемого облучением акрилата с помощью пленки на предварительно нанесенный неотвержденный промежуточный слой, так что происходит частичное смешивание слоев, причем следующий слой состоит из акрилата, который после отверждения имеет твердость по Мартенсу MS2, причем MS2>MS1;(f) applying the next layer S 2 from liquid radiation-cured acrylate with a film to a previously deposited uncured intermediate layer, so that the layers are partially mixed, the next layer consisting of acrylate, which after curing has a Martens hardness of M S2 , with M S2 > M S1 ; (g) совместное отверждение слоев, нанесенных по меньшей мере на стадиях (е) и (f), посредством облучения.(g) co-curing the layers deposited at least in steps (e) and (f) by irradiation. 2. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что перед стадией (b) наносят грунтовочный слой и на нем печатают декоративный слой.2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that prior to stage (b), a primer layer is applied and a decorative layer is printed on it. 3. Способ по любому из пп. 1-2, отличающийся тем, что твердость эластичного слоя S1 является по существу постоянной по всей его толщине, и, в частности, различия твердости внутри слоя составляют менее 20 Н/мм2, предпочтительно - менее 15 Н/мм2, и более предпочтительно - менее 10 Н/мм2.3. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 1-2, characterized in that the hardness of the elastic layer S 1 is essentially constant throughout its thickness, and, in particular, differences in hardness within the layer are less than 20 N / mm 2 , preferably less than 15 N / mm 2 , and more preferably less than 10 N / mm 2 . 4. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что перед стадией (b) печатают декоративный рисунок с использованием полимеризуемой печатной краски, в частности, основанной на полимеризуемом акрилате и/или N-винилкапролактаме.4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that before step (b) a decorative pattern is printed using polymerizable printing ink, in particular based on polymerizable acrylate and / or N-vinylcaprolactam. 5. Способ по п. 4, отличающийся тем, что печатную краску и по меньшей мере первый нанесенный слой жидкого отверждаемого облучением акрилата совместно отверждают посредством облучения.5. The method according to p. 4, characterized in that the printing ink and at least the first deposited layer of liquid radiation-curable acrylate are jointly cured by irradiation. 6. Способ по любому из пп. 1, 2, 4 и 5, отличающийся тем, что после отверждения MS1 лежит в диапазоне от 2 Н/мм2 до 50 Н/мм2, предпочтительно - от 2 Н/мм2 до 40 Н/мм2, и наиболее предпочтительно - от 2 Н/мм2 до 30 Н/мм2.6. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, 4 and 5, characterized in that after curing M S1 lies in the range from 2 N / mm 2 to 50 N / mm 2 , preferably from 2 N / mm 2 to 40 N / mm 2 , and most preferably - from 2 N / mm 2 to 30 N / mm 2 . 7. Способ по любому из пп. 1, 2, 4 и 5, отличающийся тем, что после отверждения MS2 лежит в диапазоне от 5 Н/мм2 до 300 Н/мм2, предпочтительно - от 15 Н/мм2 до 150 Н/мм2, более предпочтительно - от 20 Н/мм2 до 100 Н/мм2, и наиболее предпочтительно - от 25 Н/мм2 до 90 Н/мм2.7. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, 4 and 5, characterized in that after curing M S2 lies in the range from 5 N / mm 2 to 300 N / mm 2 , preferably from 15 N / mm 2 to 150 N / mm 2 , more preferably from 20 N / mm 2 to 100 N / mm 2 , and most preferably from 25 N / mm 2 to 90 N / mm 2 . 8. Способ по любому из пп. 1, 2, 4 и 5, отличающийся тем, что стадии (b) и (с) повторяют до тех пор, пока первый эластичный слой S1 не будет иметь толщину, лежащую в диапазоне от 40 мкм до 500 мкм, предпочтительно - от 80 мкм до 450 мкм, и наиболее предпочтительно - от 120 мкм до 240 мкм.8. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, 4 and 5, characterized in that stages (b) and (c) are repeated until the first elastic layer S 1 has a thickness lying in the range from 40 μm to 500 μm, preferably from 80 μm to 450 μm, and most preferably from 120 μm to 240 μm. 9. Способ по любому из пп. 1, 2, 4 и 5, отличающийся тем, что нанесение на стадиях (b) и (е) осуществляют с использованием валков.9. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, 4 and 5, characterized in that the application in stages (b) and (e) is carried out using rolls. 10. Способ по любому из пп. 1, 2, 4 и 5, отличающийся тем, что пленка для нанесения дополнительного подслоя, состоящего из жидкого отверждаемого облучением акрилата, является структурированной пленкой.10. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, 4 and 5, characterized in that the film for applying an additional sublayer, consisting of liquid radiation-curable acrylate, is a structured film. 11. Способ по любому из пп. 1, 2, 4 и 5, отличающийся тем, что промежуточный слой, нанесенный на стадии (е), состоит из акрилата, который после отверждения имеет твердость по Мартенсу MZ, причем MS2>MZ≥MS1.11. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, 4 and 5, characterized in that the intermediate layer deposited in step (e) consists of acrylate, which after curing has a Martens hardness M Z , with M S2 > M Z ≥M S1 . 12. Способ по любому из пп. 1, 2, 4 и 5, отличающийся тем, что несущая плита (11) является MDF-плитой (древесноволокнистой плитой средней плотности), HDF-плитой (древесноволокнистой плитой высокой плотности), PVC-плитой (плитой из поливинилхлорида), цементно-волокнистой плитой, WPC-плитой (плитой из древесно-полимерного композита), плитой из вторичных отходов термопластичных материалов, деревянной плитой, фанерной плитой или паркетной доской.12. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, 4, and 5, characterized in that the base plate (11) is an MDF board (medium density fiberboard), an HDF board (high density fiberboard), a PVC board (polyvinyl chloride plate), cement fiber a stove, a WPC-stove (a stove made of a wood-polymer composite), a stove from the secondary waste of thermoplastic materials, a wood stove, a plywood stove or a parquet board. 13. Способ по любому из пп. 1, 2, 4 и 5, отличающийся тем, что акрилаты являются алифатическими акрилатами, в частности - алифатическими уретанакрилатами.13. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, 4 and 5, characterized in that the acrylates are aliphatic acrylates, in particular aliphatic urethane acrylates. 14. Панель (10), в частности - стеновая, потолочная или половая панель, содержащая несущую плиту (11) с лицевой стороной и обратной стороной, причем несущая плита (11) по меньшей мере на лицевой стороне содержит систему слоев, отличающаяся тем, что система слоев, начиная от лицевой стороны, содержит:14. The panel (10), in particular a wall, ceiling or floor panel, comprising a carrier plate (11) with a front side and a reverse side, the carrier plate (11) at least on the front side comprising a layer system, characterized in that the layer system, starting from the front side, contains: первый эластичный слой S1, состоящий из алифатического полимера, который имеет толщину, лежащую в диапазоне от 20 мкм до 600 мкм, и твердость по Мартенсу MS1, лежащую в диапазоне от 0,5 Н/мм2 до 120 Н/мм2;the first elastic layer S 1 , consisting of an aliphatic polymer, which has a thickness lying in the range from 20 μm to 600 μm, and a Martens hardness M S1 lying in the range from 0.5 N / mm 2 to 120 N / mm 2 ; второй слой S2, состоящий из полимера, который имеет толщину, лежащую в диапазоне от 10 мкм до 180 мкм, и твердость по Мартенсу MS2, причем MS2>MS1;the second layer S 2 , consisting of a polymer, which has a thickness lying in the range from 10 μm to 180 μm, and a Martens hardness of M S2 , with M S2 > M S1 ; и между слоями S1 и S2 имеется промежуточная область с твердостью по Мартенсу MZB, причем MS2>MZB≥MS1.and between the layers S 1 and S 2 there is an intermediate region with a Martens hardness M ZB , and M S2 > M ZB ≥M S1 . 15. Панель по п. 14, отличающаяся тем, что MS1 лежит в диапазоне от 2 Н/мм2 до 50 Н/мм2, более предпочтительно - от 2 Н/мм2 до 40 Н/мм2, и наиболее предпочтительно - от 2 Н/мм2 до 30 Н/мм2.15. The panel according to claim 14, characterized in that M S1 lies in the range from 2 N / mm 2 to 50 N / mm 2 , more preferably from 2 N / mm 2 to 40 N / mm 2 , and most preferably from 2 N / mm 2 to 30 N / mm 2 . 16. Панель по п. 14 или 15, отличающаяся тем, что MS2 лежит в диапазоне от 5 Н/мм2 до 300 Н/мм2, предпочтительно - от 15 Н/мм2 до 150 Н/мм2, более предпочтительно - от 20 Н/мм2 до 100 Н/мм2, и наиболее предпочтительно -от 25 Н/мм2 до 90 Н/мм2.16. The panel under item 14 or 15, characterized in that M S2 lies in the range from 5 N / mm 2 to 300 N / mm 2 , preferably from 15 N / mm 2 to 150 N / mm 2 , more preferably from 20 N / mm 2 to 100 N / mm 2 , and most preferably from 25 N / mm 2 to 90 N / mm 2 . 17. Панель по любому из пп. 14 и 15, отличающаяся тем, что первый эластичный слой S1 имеет толщину, лежащую в диапазоне от 40 мкм до 500 мкм, предпочтительно - от 80 мкм до 450 мкм, и наиболее предпочтительно - от 120 мкм до 240 мкм.17. Panel according to any one of paragraphs. 14 and 15, characterized in that the first elastic layer S 1 has a thickness lying in the range from 40 μm to 500 μm, preferably from 80 μm to 450 μm, and most preferably from 120 μm to 240 μm. 18. Панель по любому из пп. 14 и 15, отличающаяся тем, что второй слой S2 имеет толщину, лежащую в диапазоне от 10 мкм до 180 мкм, предпочтительно - от 20 мкм до 100 мкм, и наиболее предпочтительно - от 30 мкм до 80 мкм.18. Panel according to any one of paragraphs. 14 and 15, characterized in that the second layer S 2 has a thickness lying in the range from 10 μm to 180 μm, preferably from 20 μm to 100 μm, and most preferably from 30 μm to 80 μm. 19. Панель по любому из пп. 14 и 15, отличающаяся тем, что несущая плита (11) на своих боковых сторонах содержит соединительные средства в форме пазогребневых элементов, которые обеспечивают соединение нескольких одинаковых панелей в направлениях, параллельных лицевой стороне и перпендикулярных лицевой стороне, посредством геометрического замыкания.19. The panel according to any one of paragraphs. 14 and 15, characterized in that the carrier plate (11) on its sides contains connecting means in the form of tongue-and-groove elements, which provide the connection of several identical panels in directions parallel to the front side and perpendicular to the front side, by means of a geometric closure. 20. Панель по любому из пп. 14 и 15, отличающаяся тем, что полимер слоя S1 основан на алифатическом уретанакрилате.20. The panel according to any one of paragraphs. 14 and 15, characterized in that the polymer layer S 1 is based on an aliphatic urethane acrylate. 21. Панель по п. 14, отличающаяся тем, что между лицевой стороной и слоем S1 предусмотрен дополнительный декоративный слой (18), содержащий печатную краску.21. The panel according to claim 14, characterized in that between the front side and the layer S 1 there is an additional decorative layer (18) containing printing ink. 22. Панель по п. 21, отличающаяся тем, что между лицевой стороной и декоративным слоем предусмотрен третий эластичный слой S3, который имеет твердость по Мартенсу MS3, причем MS3≤MS1.22. The panel according to claim 21, characterized in that between the front side and the decorative layer there is a third elastic layer S 3 which has a Martens hardness M S3 , with M S3 ≤M S1 . 23. Панель по п. 22, отличающаяся тем, что слой S3 имеет толщину, лежащую в диапазоне от 10 мкм до 300 мкм, предпочтительно - от 30 мкм до 150 мкм, и наиболее предпочтительно - от 60 мкм до 120 мкм.23. The panel of claim 22, wherein the S 3 layer has a thickness ranging from 10 μm to 300 μm, preferably from 30 μm to 150 μm, and most preferably from 60 μm to 120 μm. 24. Панель по любому из пп. 21-23, отличающаяся тем, что печатная краска основана на полимеризуемом акрилате и/или N-винилкапролактаме.24. Panel according to any one of paragraphs. 21-23, characterized in that the printing ink is based on polymerizable acrylate and / or N-vinylcaprolactam. 25. Панель по любому из пп. 21-23, отличающаяся тем, что печатную краску декоративного слоя (18) и по меньшей мере часть слоя S1 отверждают совместно, предпочтительно - посредством облучения.25. Panel according to any one of paragraphs. 21-23, characterized in that the printing ink of the decorative layer (18) and at least a portion of the layer S 1 are cured together, preferably by irradiation. 26. Панель по любому из пп. 21-23, отличающаяся тем, что декоративный слой (18) наносят посредством цифровой печати.26. The panel according to any one of paragraphs. 21-23, characterized in that the decorative layer (18) is applied by digital printing. 27. Панель по любому из пп. 14, 15, 21-23, отличающаяся тем, что полимер слоя S2 основан на одном или более из следующих акрилатов: 1,6-гександиолдиакрилате, сложном полиэфиракрилате, сложном эфире полиуретана и акриловой кислоты и дипропиленгликольдиакрилате.27. The panel according to any one of paragraphs. 14, 15, 21-23, characterized in that the polymer of the S 2 layer is based on one or more of the following acrylates: 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, polyester acrylate, polyurethane and acrylic acid ester and dipropylene glycol diacrylate. 28. Панель по любому из пп. 14, 15, 21-23, отличающаяся тем, что несущая плита (11) имеет толщину, лежащую в диапазоне от 3 мм до 20 мм, предпочтительно - от 4 мм до 15 мм, более предпочтительно - от 3 мм до 12 мм, и наиболее предпочтительно - от 4 мм до 10 мм.28. Panel according to any one of paragraphs. 14, 15, 21-23, characterized in that the carrier plate (11) has a thickness lying in the range from 3 mm to 20 mm, preferably from 4 mm to 15 mm, more preferably from 3 mm to 12 mm, and most preferably from 4 mm to 10 mm. 29. Панель по любому из пп. 14, 15, 21-23, отличающаяся тем, что несущая плита (11) является MDF-плитой (древесноволокнистой плитой средней плотности), HDF-плитой (древесноволокнистой плитой высокой плотности), PVC-плитой (плитой из поливинилхлорида), цементно-волокнистой плитой, WPC-плитой (плитой из древесно-полимерного композита), плитой из вторичных отходов термопластичных материалов, деревянной плитой, фанерной плитой или паркетной доской.29. The panel according to any one of paragraphs. 14, 15, 21-23, characterized in that the carrier plate (11) is an MDF board (medium density fiberboard), an HDF board (high density fiberboard), a PVC board (polyvinyl chloride plate), cement fiber a stove, a WPC-stove (a stove made of a wood-polymer composite), a stove from the secondary waste of thermoplastic materials, a wood stove, a plywood stove or a parquet board. 30. Панель по любому из пп. 14, 15, 21-23, отличающаяся тем, что на лицевую сторону панели (10) не нанесены бумажная лента или полимерная пленка.30. Panel according to any one of paragraphs. 14, 15, 21-23, characterized in that on the front side of the panel (10) no paper tape or polymer film is applied. 31. Панель по любому из пп. 14, 15, 21-23, отличающаяся тем, что исходными материалами для слоев S1, S2 и S3 являются материалы, отверждаемые облучением.31. The panel according to any one of paragraphs. 14, 15, 21-23, characterized in that the starting materials for the layers S 1 , S 2 and S 3 are radiation curable materials. 32. Панель по любому из пп. 14, 15, 21-23, отличающаяся тем, что панель (10) не содержит износоустойчивых частиц, в частности частиц оксида алюминия.32. The panel according to any one of paragraphs. 14, 15, 21-23, characterized in that the panel (10) does not contain wear-resistant particles, in particular aluminum oxide particles. 33. Панель по любому из пп. 14, 15, 21-23, отличающаяся тем, что система слоев обеспечивает шумопоглощение, равное по меньшей мере 5 дБ, предпочтительно - по меньшей мере 8 дБ, и наиболее предпочтительно - по меньшей мере 9 дБ, по сравнению с несущей плитой без покрытия, по результатам измерения согласно стандарту EPLF (Ассоциации европейских производителей ламинатных напольных покрытий - Association of European Producers of Laminate Flooring).33. The panel according to any one of paragraphs. 14, 15, 21-23, characterized in that the layer system provides a sound absorption of at least 5 dB, preferably at least 8 dB, and most preferably at least 9 dB, compared to an uncoated carrier plate, according to measurements according to the EPLF standard (Association of European Producers of Laminate Flooring). 34. Панель по любому из пп. 14, 15, 21-23, отличающаяся тем, что твердость эластичного слоя S1 является по существу постоянной по всей его толщине, и, в частности, различия твердости внутри слоя составляют менее 20 Н/мм2, предпочтительно - менее 15 Н/мм2, и более предпочтительно - менее 10 Н/мм2.34. The panel according to any one of paragraphs. 14, 15, 21-23, characterized in that the hardness of the elastic layer S 1 is essentially constant over its entire thickness, and, in particular, the differences in hardness within the layer are less than 20 N / mm 2 , preferably less than 15 N / mm 2 , and more preferably less than 10 N / mm 2 .
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