RU2015130628A - METHOD AND DEVICE FOR LOW-TEMPERATURE AIR SEPARATION - Google Patents

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR LOW-TEMPERATURE AIR SEPARATION Download PDF

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RU2015130628A
RU2015130628A RU2015130628A RU2015130628A RU2015130628A RU 2015130628 A RU2015130628 A RU 2015130628A RU 2015130628 A RU2015130628 A RU 2015130628A RU 2015130628 A RU2015130628 A RU 2015130628A RU 2015130628 A RU2015130628 A RU 2015130628A
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column
gaseous
fraction
condenser
preliminary
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RU2015130628A
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Russian (ru)
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Дмитрий ГОЛУБЕВ
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Линде Акциенгезелльшафт
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04854—Safety aspects of operation
    • F25J3/0486—Safety aspects of operation of vaporisers for oxygen enriched liquids, e.g. purging of liquids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
    • F25J3/0409—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04193—Division of the main heat exchange line in consecutive sections having different functions
    • F25J3/04206—Division of the main heat exchange line in consecutive sections having different functions including a so-called "auxiliary vaporiser" for vaporising and producing a gaseous product
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
    • F25J3/04296—Claude expansion, i.e. expanded into the main or high pressure column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04436—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using at least a triple pressure main column system
    • F25J3/04442—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using at least a triple pressure main column system in a double column flowsheet with a high pressure pre-rectifier
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04872—Vertical layout of cold equipments within in the cold box, e.g. columns, heat exchangers etc.
    • F25J3/04878—Side by side arrangement of multiple vessels in a main column system, wherein the vessels are normally mounted one upon the other or forming different sections of the same column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04872—Vertical layout of cold equipments within in the cold box, e.g. columns, heat exchangers etc.
    • F25J3/04884—Arrangement of reboiler-condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/0489—Modularity and arrangement of parts of the air fractionation unit, in particular of the cold box, e.g. pre-fabrication, assembling and erection, dimensions, horizontal layout "plot"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
    • F25J2235/50—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams the fluid being oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/02—Bath type boiler-condenser using thermo-siphon effect, e.g. with natural or forced circulation or pool boiling, i.e. core-in-kettle heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/04—Down-flowing type boiler-condenser, i.e. with evaporation of a falling liquid film
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/10—Boiler-condenser with superposed stages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
    • F25J2250/40—One fluid being air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
    • F25J2250/50—One fluid being oxygen

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Claims (54)

1. Способ для низкотемпературного разделения воздуха в системе дистилляционных колонн, которая содержит колонну (11) высокого давления и колонну (12) низкого давления, и в котором1. A method for low temperature air separation in a distillation column system that comprises a high pressure column (11) and a low pressure column (12), and in which - исходный воздух сжимают в главном воздушном компрессоре,- the source air is compressed in the main air compressor, - сжатый исходный воздух очищают в очистительном устройстве,- compressed source air is cleaned in a cleaning device, - очищенный исходный воздух охлаждают в главном теплообменнике,- the purified feed air is cooled in the main heat exchanger, - первый частичный поток (1) охлажденного исходного воздуха в газообразной форме вводят в систему дистилляционных колонн,- the first partial stream (1) of cooled source air in a gaseous form is introduced into the system of distillation columns, - второй частичный поток (2a; 2b) охлажденного исходного воздуха вводят в камеру сжижения вторичного конденсатора, который выполнен в виде конденсатора-испарителя, имеющего конденсационную камеру и испарительную камеру,- the second partial stream (2a; 2b) of cooled source air is introduced into the liquefaction chamber of the secondary condenser, which is made in the form of a condenser-evaporator having a condensation chamber and an evaporation chamber, - жидкую кислородную фракцию из колонны низкого давления вводят в испарительную камеру вторичного конденсатора (46),- the liquid oxygen fraction from the low pressure column is introduced into the evaporation chamber of the secondary condenser (46), - фракцию кислородного продукта в газообразной форме выводят из испарительной камеры вторичного конденсатора (46), нагревают в главном теплообменнике и затем получают в виде газообразного кислородного продукта; и при котором- the fraction of the oxygen product in gaseous form is removed from the evaporation chamber of the secondary condenser (46), heated in the main heat exchanger and then obtained in the form of a gaseous oxygen product; and at which - первую газообразную фракцию азотного продукта выводят из системы дистилляционных колонн, нагревают в главном теплообменнике и получают в виде первого газообразного азотного продукта,- the first gaseous fraction of the nitrogen product is removed from the system of distillation columns, heated in the main heat exchanger and obtained in the form of the first gaseous nitrogen product, отличающийся тем, чтоcharacterized in that - система дистилляционных колонн имеет, кроме того, предварительную колонну (10), рабочее давление которой выше, чем рабочее давление колонны (11) высокого давления,- the system of distillation columns has, in addition, a preliminary column (10), the working pressure of which is higher than the working pressure of the high-pressure column (11), - первый частичный поток (1) охлажденного исходного воздуха вводят в предварительную колонну (10),- the first partial stream (1) of cooled source air is introduced into the preliminary column (10), - первую газообразную фракцию азотного продукта выводят из предварительной колонны,- the first gaseous fraction of the nitrogen product is removed from the preliminary column, - предварительная колонна (10) имеет дефлегматор (14), который выполнен в виде конденсатора-испарителя, имеющего - the preliminary column (10) has a reflux condenser (14), which is made in the form of a condenser-evaporator having конденсационную камеру и испарительную камеру,condensation chamber and evaporation chamber, - сжиженную долю второго частичного потока выводят из камеры сжижения вторичного конденсатора и вводят в испарительную камеру дефлегматора (14),- the liquefied fraction of the second partial stream is removed from the liquefaction chamber of the secondary condenser and introduced into the evaporation chamber of the reflux condenser (14), - вторичный конденсатор (46), дефлегматор (14) и предварительная колонна (10) расположены друг над другом,- the secondary capacitor (46), the reflux condenser (14) and the preliminary column (10) are located one above the other, - газообразную фракцию(31) из верхней области предварительной колонны (10) вводят в конденсационную камеру дефлегматора (14); и что- a gaseous fraction (31) from the upper region of the preliminary column (10) is introduced into the condensation chamber of the reflux condenser (14); So what - образовавшуюся в конденсационной камере жидкость (6) по меньшей мере частично подают в предварительную колонну (10) в виде возвратного продукта (7).- the liquid (6) formed in the condensation chamber is at least partially fed into the preliminary column (10) as a return product (7). 2. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что вторичный конденсатор (46) расположен над предварительной колонной (10).2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the secondary capacitor (46) is located above the preliminary column (10). 3. Способ по п. 1 или 2, отличающийся тем, что вторичный конденсатор (46) и дефлегматор (14) расположены в одном общем резервуаре.3. The method according to p. 1 or 2, characterized in that the secondary capacitor (46) and the reflux condenser (14) are located in one common tank. 4. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что вторичный конденсатор (46) расположен под предварительной колонной (10).4. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the secondary capacitor (46) is located under the preliminary column (10). 5. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что вторую газообразную фракцию азотного продукта выводят из колонны высокого давления, нагревают в главном теплообменнике и получают в виде второго газообразного азотного продукта.5. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the second gaseous fraction of the nitrogen product is removed from the high pressure column, heated in the main heat exchanger and obtained in the form of a second gaseous nitrogen product. 6. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что третий частичный поток охлажденного исходного воздуха, совершая работу, расширяется и вводится в колонну высокого давления.6. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the third partial stream of chilled source air, performing work, expands and is introduced into the high pressure column. 7. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что первый поток (33) неочищенного кислорода в жидком виде выводят из куба колонны (11) высокого давления и вводят (38) в колонну (12) низкого давления в первом промежуточном месте, и что второй жидкий поток (5a) неочищенного кислорода из предварительной колонны (10) вводят (5b) в колонну (12) низкого давления во втором промежуточном месте, которое расположено выше, чем первое промежуточное место.7. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the first stream (33) of crude oxygen in liquid form is removed from the cube of the high pressure column (11) and introduced (38) into the low pressure column (12) in a first intermediate location, and that a second crude oxygen stream (5a) from the pre-column (10) is introduced (5b) into the low-pressure column (12) at a second intermediate location that is higher than the first intermediate location. 8. Устройство для низкотемпературного разделения воздуха, имеющее8. Device for low-temperature separation of air, having - систему дистилляционных колонн, колонну (11) высокого давления и колонну (12) низкого давления,- a system of distillation columns, a high pressure column (11) and a low pressure column (12), - при этом система дистилляционных колонн имеет, кроме того, предварительную колонну (10), рабочее давление которой при эксплуатации устройства выше, чем рабочее давление колонны (11) высокого давления;- while the system of distillation columns has, in addition, a preliminary column (10), the working pressure of which during operation of the device is higher than the working pressure of the high-pressure column (11); - главный воздушный компрессор для сжатия исходного воздуха;- the main air compressor for compressing the source air; - очистительное устройство для очистки сжатого исходного воздуха;- a cleaning device for cleaning compressed source air; - главный теплообменник для охлаждения очищенного исходного воздуха;- the main heat exchanger for cooling the purified source air; - средства для ввода первого частичного потока (1) охлажденного исходного воздуха в предварительную колонну (10);- means for introducing the first partial stream (1) of cooled source air into the preliminary column (10); - при этом предварительная колонна (10) имеет дефлегматор (14), который выполнен в виде конденсатора-испарителя, имеющего конденсационную камеру и испарительную камеру;- while the preliminary column (10) has a reflux condenser (14), which is made in the form of a condenser-evaporator having a condensation chamber and an evaporation chamber; - средства для вывода первой газообразной азотной фракции из предварительной колонны;- means for withdrawing the first gaseous nitrogen fraction from the preliminary column; - средства для нагрева первой газообразной азотной фракции в главном теплообменнике и для последующего вывода в виде первого газообразного азотного продукта;- means for heating the first gaseous nitrogen fraction in the main heat exchanger and for subsequent withdrawal in the form of the first gaseous nitrogen product; - средства для ввода газообразной фракции (30, 31) из верхней области предварительной колонны (10) в конденсационную камеру дефлегматора (14);- means for introducing a gaseous fraction (30, 31) from the upper region of the preliminary column (10) into the condensation chamber of the reflux condenser (14); - средства для подачи жидкости (6), образовавшейся в конденсационной камере, в предварительную колонну (10) в виде возвратного продукта (7);- means for supplying the liquid (6) formed in the condensation chamber to the preliminary column (10) in the form of a return product (7); - средства для вывода первой газообразной фракции азотного продукта из предварительной колонны;- means for withdrawing the first gaseous fraction of the nitrogen product from the preliminary column; - вторичный конденсатор (46), выполненный в виде конденсатора-испарителя, имеющего конденсационную камеру и испарительную камеру, причем вторичный конденсатор (46), дефлегматор (14) и предварительная колонна (10) расположены друг над другом;- a secondary condenser (46), made in the form of a condenser-evaporator having a condensation chamber and an evaporation chamber, the secondary condenser (46), the reflux condenser (14) and the preliminary column (10) located one above the other; - средства для ввода второго частичного потока (2a; 2b) - means for introducing a second partial stream (2a; 2b) охлажденного исходного воздуха в камеру сжижения вторичного конденсатора;chilled feed air into a secondary condenser liquefaction chamber; - средства для ввода сжиженной доли второго частичного потока из камеры сжижения вторичного конденсатора в испарительную камеру дефлегматора (14);- means for introducing a liquefied fraction of the second partial stream from the liquefaction chamber of the secondary condenser into the evaporation chamber of the reflux condenser (14); - средства для ввода жидкой кислородной фракции из колонны низкого давления в испарительную камеру вторичного конденсатора; и- means for introducing a liquid oxygen fraction from the low pressure column into the evaporation chamber of the secondary condenser; and - средства для нагрева газообразной фракции кислородного продукта из испарительной камеры вторичного конденсатора в главном теплообменнике и для последующего вывода в виде газообразного кислородного продукта.- means for heating the gaseous fraction of the oxygen product from the evaporation chamber of the secondary condenser in the main heat exchanger and for subsequent withdrawal in the form of a gaseous oxygen product. 9. Устройство по п. 8, отличающееся тем, что вторичный конденсатор (46) расположен над предварительной колонной (10).9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the secondary capacitor (46) is located above the preliminary column (10). 10. Устройство по п. 8 или 9, отличающееся тем, что вторичный конденсатор (46) и дефлегматор (14) расположены в одном общем резервуаре.10. The device according to p. 8 or 9, characterized in that the secondary capacitor (46) and the reflux condenser (14) are located in one common tank. 11. Устройство по п. 8, отличающееся11. The device according to p. 8, characterized - средствами для вывода второй газообразной азотной фракции из колонны высокого давления и- means for withdrawing a second gaseous nitrogen fraction from the high pressure column and - средствами для нагрева второй газообразной азотной фракции в главном теплообменнике и для последующего вывода в виде второго газообразного азотного продукта.- means for heating the second gaseous nitrogen fraction in the main heat exchanger and for subsequent withdrawal in the form of a second gaseous nitrogen product. 12. Устройство по п. 8, отличающееся12. The device according to p. 8, characterized - расширительной машиной для расширения с совершением работы третьего частичного потока охлажденного исходного воздуха и- an expansion machine for expansion with the completion of the work of the third partial stream of chilled source air and - средствами для ввода третьего частичного потока, расширенного с совершением работы, в колонну высокого давления.- means for introducing a third partial stream, expanded with the completion of work, into the high pressure column. 13. Устройство по п. 8, отличающееся первым трубопроводом для неочищенного кислорода для вывода первого жидкого потока (33) неочищенного кислорода из куба колонны (11) высокого давления и для ввода первого потока неочищенного кислорода в колонну (12) низкого давления в первом промежуточном месте и вторым трубопроводом для неочищенного кислорода для вывода второго жидкого потока (5a) из предварительной колонны (10) и 13. The device according to p. 8, characterized by a first pipeline for crude oxygen for withdrawing a first liquid stream (33) of crude oxygen from a cube of a high pressure column (11) and for introducing a first stream of crude oxygen into a low pressure column (12) in a first intermediate place and a second crude oxygen conduit for discharging a second liquid stream (5a) from the preliminary column (10) and для ввода (5b) второго потока неочищенного кислорода в колонну (12) низкого давления во втором промежуточном месте, которое расположено выше, чем первое промежуточное место.for introducing (5b) a second crude oxygen stream into the low pressure column (12) at a second intermediate location that is higher than the first intermediate location.
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