RU2013695C1 - Burner assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heat power engineering. SUBSTANCE: burner body is provided in addition with turning flap mounted on its exit that shuts off its channel; exit end of body is vertical both for horizontal and inclined arrangement of gas burners in respect to heat-generating set. EFFECT: 20 to 30% reduction of emergency situations, improved operating safety of burner assembly. 4 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of power engineering, and more specifically to the design of gas burners for gas combustion, used in various thermal units, for example, gas cupolas for melting cast iron.

 The closest in technical essence to the invention is a gas multi-nozzle burner [1].

This device consists of gas burners (30 ... 40 pieces) with metal nozzles / refractory burner tunnels / separate gas mixer with air / gas-air mixture collector / pipelines for supplying gas and air to the mixer and air-gas mixture to the burners. The temperature of the combustion products in this burner rises to 1750.. . 1780 ^о С due to the use of a uniform / well mixed gas-air mixture in burners.

 However, the burner - the prototype has a major drawback / complicating its use / which consists in the fact that during the cupola operation there are possible (up to 5.. 7 times for one melt) flame breakthroughs into the manifold of the gas-air mixture / which leads to an emergency and a violation of safety unit. The analysis showed / that 20.. . 30% of emergency breakdowns of swimming trunks occurs due to the explosions of the mixture in the collector.

 This is explained by the following. During smelting, slag flowing along the walls / melted lining may clog individual burner tunnels and nozzles. As a result of this, the resistance of the clogged burner sharply increases and the speed of the combustion products at the exit of the tunnel drops to those values / at which a flame can slip into the burner (usually 15. ... 25 m / s). During the breakthrough, the air-gas mixture ignites not only within the burner body / but also in the manifold with the gas-air mixture. As a rule / as a result of this phenomenon, an air-gas mixture explosion occurs in the collector and mixer.

 The aim of the invention is to improve the health and safety of the burner by eliminating the leakage of flame into the manifold and the explosion of the mixture.

 The problem is solved in that in a burner device consisting of gas burners with metal nozzles, refractory burner tunnels, a gas / air mixer, pipelines for supplying gas and air to the mixer and air-gas mixture to the burners, a gas-air mixture manifold and shut-off valves, the burner body is equipped with a rotary, pivotally mounted, freely suspended damper mounted on the output end of the housing and blocking its channel, while the output end of the housing is made vertical both with horizontal and with an inclined arrangement of gas burners relative to the thermal unit.

Distinctive features of the claimed invention in comparison with the prototype:
the burner body is equipped with a rotary, hinged flap mounted on the output end of the body;
the end face of the output end of the housing is made vertical at any location of the gas burners relative to the thermal unit.

 The first allows for the passage of the flame into the burner to block the flame access to the housing, the gas-air mixture pipeline and the manifold and to prevent the mixture from exploding. The overlap is carried out by a damper, which, when the flame passes, rotates, presses against the end of the housing and cuts off the flame access to the collector.

 The second allows for a pressure drop in the burner (with a minimum flow rate of the gas-air mixture) to block the channel of the housing as much as possible, leaving a small gap for the mixture to exit. When a torch passes, this gap is instantly blocked by a shutter, since the mixture ignited within the nozzle acts on the shutter, which closes the channel.

 All this ensures the safe operation of the unit without explosions of the mixture in the collector due to the cutoff of the main pipeline using the damper.

 No technical solutions with similar distinctive features were found in the scientific, technical and patent literature, which indicates their significant novelty, which consists in new structural elements of the device and their functional interaction.

 In FIG. 1 shows a burner device, a vertical section; in FIG. 2 - the same, top view; in FIG. 3 and 4 - the location of the burners.

 The burner device consists of gas burners 1, evenly spaced around the cupola 2, metal nozzles 3, refractory burner tunnels 4, a gas-air mixer 5, a gas-air mixture manifold 6, a mixture supply pipe 7 to the burner body 8, shut-off valves 9, pipelines 10 , 11 for supplying gas and air to the mixer.

 The housing 8 of the burner 1 is welded to the casing of the cupola 2. A nozzle 3 is mounted on the housing 8 from the lining of the unit, on which a refractory tunnel 4 is mounted for burning the gas-air mixture.

 The mixer 5 of the burner device is made in the form of a pipe in a pipe. A large number of holes are made on the inner pipe through which gas is supplied to the air stream, as a result of which an air-gas mixture is formed.

 The burner housing 8 at the output end is provided with a rotary damper 12. The damper is freely suspended by a hinge 13 to the upper part of the housing end. The output end face of the housing is made vertical both with horizontal and with an inclined arrangement of the burners relative to the melting unit.

 The burner device operates as follows. When gas and air are supplied to the mixer 5, a homogeneous air-gas mixture is formed in it, which then enters the manifold 6. From the collector, the mixture enters the burner body 8 through a pipe 7, and then into the nozzle 3 and the burner tunnel 4, where it burns with the formation of high-temperature products combustion. When the mixture leaves the burner body 8, the mixture flow acts on the rotary damper 12, deflects it, thereby opening a channel for the mixture to exit into the nozzle.

 When the tunnel or nozzle is clogged with slag, the resistance of the burner increases, the pressure inside the housing drops, the flow rate of the mixture decreases, and the damper 12 falls under its own weight, covering the channel of the housing. With a critical flow rate of the mixture and a minimum mixture speed, the shutter almost closes the channel of the housing, leaving a gap of minimal area. This is also facilitated by the fact that the end face of the body is made vertical.

 At a critical mixture speed, a flame breaks into the burner. At this time, as a result of the fact that the flow rate of the mixture through the burner is zero, the damper closes the channel of the housing and cuts it off from the tunnel and nozzle. With ignition and microexplosion of the mixture inside the nozzle, the pressure increases, it acts on the damper and presses it tightly against the end of the housing, preventing the penetration of the torch into the collector. As a result of the described ignition and explosion of the mixture in the collector does not occur, thereby ensuring the operability and safety of the burner device, and hence the melting unit.

 As a result of ignition and microexplosion of the mixture within the nozzle, the explosion products act not only on the damper, but also on the slag plug in the tunnel. As a result of this effect, the burner cleans itself of slag plugs, burner performance is restored, and the melting process proceeds without noticeable deviations.

Compared with the prototype, the proposed burner device has the following technical and economic advantages:
significantly increases (2. 2. 3 times) the efficiency and safety of the burner;
eliminates the possibility of depressurization and failure of gas-air pipelines, collector and mixer by eliminating explosions in the collector;
the number of accidents during smelting is reduced (by 20... 30%) due to elimination of accidents due to the breakthrough of the flame into the collector;
the costs of repairing the burner device are reduced, the number of repairs is reduced.

 The invention will find application in various burner devices and provide an increase in their efficiency and safety.

Claims (1)

 BURNER DEVICE containing gas burners, including each housing with an exhaust metal nozzle and a refractory burner tunnel, and a mixer connected at the inlet to the air and gas supply pipes, and at the outlet to the burner bodies through a common gas-air mixture manifold and corresponding pipelines with shut-off valves characterized in that, in order to increase operational reliability by eliminating the leakage of flame into the manifold, the burner body at the end of the exhaust nozzle is equipped with a freely suspended damper Oh, overlapping in the extreme position of its orifice, and the output sections of these nozzles are located vertically, both with an inclined and horizontal arrangement of the burner bodies.

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