RU2013155921A

RU2013155921A - METHOD FOR DISPOSAL OF WASTE CONTAINING URANIUM COMPOUNDS

Info

Publication number: RU2013155921A
Application number: RU2013155921/07A
Authority: RU
Inventors: Григорий Исакович Двоскин; Геннадий Артемович Аветов; Александр Георгиевич Аствацатуров
Original assignee: Ооо "Вп-Сервис"
Priority date: 2013-12-17
Filing date: 2013-12-17
Publication date: 2015-06-27
Also published as: RU2560095C2

Abstract

Способ утилизации отходов, содержащих соединения урана, включающий загрузку отходов в камеру термического разложения, нагрев и разложение органики (пиролиз) с образованием газообразных и твердых продуктов, сжигание газообразных продуктов, обезвреживание, охлаждение и пылеочистку дымовых газов, отличающийся тем, что отходы предварительно измельчают и подают дискретно в накопительный бункер, откуда порцию отходов перемещают дискретно в шлюзовой питатель, из которого отходы непрерывно отбирают в обогреваемую внешним нагревателем металлическую камеру термического разложения и перемещают равномерно вдоль оси камеры к ее выходу, из которого образовавшиеся твердые продукты выводят непрерывно в накопительный бункер, из которого накопленную порцию дискретно перемещают в шлюзовой затвор и далее в приемный бункер-бокс, образовавшиеся газообразные продукты подают непрерывно в горелочное устройство, образовавшиеся после их сгорания дымовые газы обезвреживают, равномерно охлаждают в теплообменнике, очищают и выводят в атмосферу, возможность попадания воздуха в камеру термического разложения исключают за счет образования слоев отходов в устройстве перемещающим отходы из измельчителя в накопительный бункер и в шлюзовом питателе, а возможность накопления критической массы урана в ходе технологического процесса исключают путем согласования режима работы устройств, перемещающих отходы.A method of disposing of waste containing uranium compounds, including loading the waste into a thermal decomposition chamber, heating and decomposing organics (pyrolysis) to form gaseous and solid products, burning gaseous products, rendering them harmless, cooling and dusting the flue gases, characterized in that the waste is pre-ground and fed discretely to the storage hopper, from which a portion of the waste is discretely transferred to the airlock feeder, from which the waste is continuously taken into metal heated by an external heater the thermal decomposition chamber and move uniformly along the axis of the chamber to its exit, from which the formed solid products are continuously discharged to the storage hopper, from which the accumulated portion is discretely transferred to the lock gate and then to the receiving hopper box, the resulting gaseous products are fed continuously to the burner the flue gases formed after their combustion neutralize, evenly cool in the heat exchanger, clean and discharge into the atmosphere, the possibility of air entering the chamber Decomposition is eliminated due to the formation of layers of waste in the device moving the waste from the shredder to the storage hopper and in the hopper feeder, and the possibility of accumulating a critical mass of uranium during the process is eliminated by coordinating the operating mode of the devices moving the waste.

Claims

A method of disposing of waste containing uranium compounds, including loading the waste into a thermal decomposition chamber, heating and decomposing organics (pyrolysis) to form gaseous and solid products, burning gaseous products, rendering them harmless, cooling and dusting the flue gases, characterized in that the waste is pre-ground and fed discretely to the storage hopper, from which a portion of the waste is discretely transferred to the airlock feeder, from which the waste is continuously taken into metal heated by an external heater the thermal decomposition chamber and move uniformly along the axis of the chamber to its exit, from which the formed solid products are continuously discharged to the storage hopper, from which the accumulated portion is discretely transferred to the lock gate and then to the receiving hopper box, the resulting gaseous products are fed continuously to the burner the flue gases formed after their combustion neutralize, evenly cool in the heat exchanger, clean and discharge into the atmosphere, the possibility of air entering the chamber Decomposition is eliminated due to the formation of layers of waste in the device moving the waste from the shredder to the storage hopper and in the hopper feeder, and the possibility of accumulating a critical mass of uranium during the process is eliminated by coordinating the operating mode of the devices moving the waste.