RU2012118412A - METHODS AND DEVICES INCREASING QUALITY OF SOLID FUEL - Google Patents

METHODS AND DEVICES INCREASING QUALITY OF SOLID FUEL Download PDF

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RU2012118412A
RU2012118412A RU2012118412/05A RU2012118412A RU2012118412A RU 2012118412 A RU2012118412 A RU 2012118412A RU 2012118412/05 A RU2012118412/05 A RU 2012118412/05A RU 2012118412 A RU2012118412 A RU 2012118412A RU 2012118412 A RU2012118412 A RU 2012118412A
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solid fuel
processing
indicator
processing unit
conveyor belt
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RU2561102C2 (en
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Джерри Л. ВЕЙНБЕРГ
Нил Э. ДЖИНТЕР
Джед А. ЭТЕН
Ру Т. ВАН
Джеймс Майкл ДРОЗД
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Коултэк, Инк.
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
    • C10L5/36—Shape
    • C10L5/361—Briquettes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
    • C10L5/36—Shape
    • C10L5/363—Pellets or granulates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
    • C10L9/08—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by heat treatments, e.g. calcining
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K1/00—Preparation of lump or pulverulent fuel in readiness for delivery to combustion apparatus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/58—Control or regulation of the fuel preparation of upgrading process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/60—Measuring or analysing fractions, components or impurities or process conditions during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for fuel supplies
    • F23K2900/01001—Cleaning solid fuel before combustion to achieve reduced emissions

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Abstract

1. Способ очистки твердого топлива, содержащий:формирование показателя разницы в составе твердого топлива посредством сравнения данных об исходном образце твердого топлива, характеризующих твердое топливо до обработки в установке очистки твердого топлива с одной или более требуемых характеристик после обработки;определение, на основе показателя разницы в составе твердого топлива, по меньшей мере, одного рабочего параметра обработки, используемого установкой обработки твердого топлива во время обработки,регистрацию показателя загрязняющих веществ, выделенных из твердого топлива в процессе обработки твердого топлива,регулирование, на основе зарегистрированного показателя загрязняющих веществ, по меньшей мере, одного параметра обработки, если зарегистрированный показатель загрязняющих веществ указывают, что одна или более требуемая характеристика не достигнута;определение одной или более конечных характеристик твердого топлива после обработки; инаправление информации обратной связи, характеризующей одну или более конечных характеристик в установку обработки твердого топлива.2. Способ по п.1, дополнительно содержащий обеспечение многослойной ленты транспортера для перемещения твердого топлива через установку обработки, причем многослойная лента транспортера выполнена с возможностью пропускания основной части микроволновой энергии, причем первый слои ленты транспортера устойчив к изнашиванию, а второй слой имеет высокую температурную стойкость.3. Способ по п.1, в котором направление информации обратной связи содержит проверку твердого топлива после обработки и направление информации, каса�1. A method for purifying solid fuel, comprising: forming a difference indicator in the composition of solid fuel by comparing data on the initial solid fuel sample characterizing the solid fuel before processing in a solid fuel purification unit with one or more required characteristics after treatment; determining, based on the difference indicator in the composition of the solid fuel, at least one processing operating parameter used by the solid fuel processing unit during processing, recording the indicator of pollutants released from the solid fuel during the processing of solid fuel, regulation, based on the registered indicator of pollutants, at least , one processing parameter, if the registered pollutant index indicates that one or more of the required characteristics are not achieved; determining one or more final characteristics of the solid fuel after processing; sending feedback information characterizing one or more final characteristics to the solid fuel processing unit. The method of claim 1, further comprising providing a multilayer conveyor belt for moving solid fuel through the processing unit, wherein the multilayer conveyor belt is configured to transmit the majority of microwave energy, wherein the first layer of the conveyor belt is wear resistant and the second layer is highly temperature resistant. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein sending the feedback information comprises checking the solid fuel after processing and sending information regarding

Claims (17)

1. Способ очистки твердого топлива, содержащий:1. A method for purifying solid fuel, comprising: формирование показателя разницы в составе твердого топлива посредством сравнения данных об исходном образце твердого топлива, характеризующих твердое топливо до обработки в установке очистки твердого топлива с одной или более требуемых характеристик после обработки;the formation of an indicator of the difference in the composition of solid fuels by comparing data on the initial sample of solid fuels characterizing solid fuels prior to processing in a solid fuel treatment plant with one or more required characteristics after processing; определение, на основе показателя разницы в составе твердого топлива, по меньшей мере, одного рабочего параметра обработки, используемого установкой обработки твердого топлива во время обработки,determining, based on an indicator of the difference in the composition of the solid fuel, at least one processing operating parameter used by the solid fuel processing unit during processing, регистрацию показателя загрязняющих веществ, выделенных из твердого топлива в процессе обработки твердого топлива,registration of the indicator of pollutants extracted from solid fuel in the process of processing solid fuel, регулирование, на основе зарегистрированного показателя загрязняющих веществ, по меньшей мере, одного параметра обработки, если зарегистрированный показатель загрязняющих веществ указывают, что одна или более требуемая характеристика не достигнута;regulation, based on the registered indicator of pollutants, at least one processing parameter, if the registered indicator of pollutants indicate that one or more of the required characteristics are not achieved; определение одной или более конечных характеристик твердого топлива после обработки; иdetermining one or more final characteristics of the solid fuel after processing; and направление информации обратной связи, характеризующей одну или более конечных характеристик в установку обработки твердого топлива.sending feedback information characterizing one or more final characteristics to the solid fuel processing plant. 2. Способ по п.1, дополнительно содержащий обеспечение многослойной ленты транспортера для перемещения твердого топлива через установку обработки, причем многослойная лента транспортера выполнена с возможностью пропускания основной части микроволновой энергии, причем первый слои ленты транспортера устойчив к изнашиванию, а второй слой имеет высокую температурную стойкость.2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising providing a multilayer conveyor belt for moving solid fuel through the processing unit, wherein the multilayer conveyor belt is configured to pass the bulk of the microwave energy, the first layers of the conveyor belt being resistant to wear and the second layer has a high temperature durability. 3. Способ по п.1, в котором направление информации обратной связи содержит проверку твердого топлива после обработки и направление информации, касающейся проверки обратно в установку очистки твердого топлива, причем проверка содержит определение одного из следующего: процентное содержание влаги, процентное содержание серы, процентное содержание золы, процентное содержание летучих веществ, процентное содержание связанного углерода, BTU/lb (Британская тепловая единица/фунт), BTU/lb M-A Free (Средняя скользящая величина, высвобожденная), форма серы, коэффициент способности к размолу по Хардгрову (HGI), общее содержание ртути, температура плавления золы, анализ минерального состава золы, электромагнитная абсорбция/отражение, или диэлектрическая проницаемость.3. The method according to claim 1, in which the direction of the feedback information comprises checking the solid fuel after processing and sending information regarding the verification back to the solid fuel treatment unit, the verification comprising determining one of the following: percentage moisture, percentage sulfur, percentage ash content, percentage of volatiles, percentage of bound carbon, BTU / lb (British thermal unit / lb), BTU / lb MA Free (Moving average, released), sulfur form, Hardgrove Grinding Factor (HGI), total mercury, ash melting point, analysis of the mineral composition of the ash, electromagnetic absorption / reflection, or dielectric constant. 4. Способ по п.1, в котором направление обратной связи содержит прием одной или более конечной характеристики твердого топлива после обработки от установки проверки после обработки на установке выходных параметров твердого топлива.4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the feedback direction comprises receiving one or more final characteristics of the solid fuel after processing from the installation of the verification after processing at the installation of the output parameters of the solid fuel. 5. Способ по п.4, дополнительно содержащий сравнение одной или более характеристики твердого топлива после обработки с требуемой характеристикой твердого топлива для определения регулирования рабочего параметра обработки в установке регистрации.5. The method according to claim 4, further comprising comparing one or more characteristics of the solid fuel after processing with the desired characteristic of solid fuel to determine the regulation of the operating parameter of the processing in the registration unit. 6. Способ по п.1, в котором установка обработки твердого топлива представляет собой установку обработки с непрерывной загрузкой.6. The method of claim 1, wherein the solid fuel processing unit is a continuous loading processing unit. 7. Способ по п.1, в котором установка обработки твердого топлива является микроволновой установкой обработки твердого топлива.7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the solid fuel processing unit is a microwave solid fuel processing unit. 8. Способ по п.1, в котором твердое топливо представляет собой каменный уголь.8. The method according to claim 1, in which the solid fuel is coal. 9. Способ по п.1, в котором данные образца твердого топлива извлекают из базы данных.9. The method of claim 1, wherein the solid fuel sample data is retrieved from the database. 10. Способ по п.1, в котором характеристикой твердого топлива является процентное содержание влаги.10. The method according to claim 1, in which the characteristic of solid fuel is the percentage of moisture. 11. Способ по п.1, в котором характеристикой твердого топлива является тип твердого топлива.11. The method according to claim 1, in which the characteristic of solid fuel is a type of solid fuel. 12. Способ по п.1, в котором выделенные загрязняющие вещества отслеживаются датчиками установки твердого топлива.12. The method according to claim 1, in which the emitted pollutants are monitored by sensors for installing solid fuel. 13. Способ по п.12, в котором датчики выдают информацию обратной связи для регулирования рабочего параметра обработки.13. The method of claim 12, wherein the sensors provide feedback information for adjusting an operational processing parameter. 14. Установка обработки твердого топлива, содержащая:14. A solid fuel processing plant, comprising: входную установку, адаптированную для получения данных об исходном образце твердого топлива, связанных с одной или более характеристикой твердого топлива, подлежащего обработке установкой обработки твердого топлива, и требуемой характеристикой твердого топлива;an input unit adapted to obtain data on an initial solid fuel sample associated with one or more characteristics of the solid fuel to be processed by the solid fuel processing unit and the required solid fuel characteristic; установку сравнения, адаптированную для сравнения данных об исходном образце твердого топлива, связанных с одной или более характеристикой с требуемой характеристикой твердого топлива для определения показателя разницы в составе твердого топлива;a comparison unit adapted to compare data on an initial solid fuel sample associated with one or more characteristics with a desired solid fuel characteristic to determine an indicator of a difference in the composition of the solid fuel; при этом установка обработки твердого топлива, дополнительно адаптирована для обработки твердого топлива, основываясь, по меньшей мере, отчасти на показателе разницы в составе твердого топлива;wherein the solid fuel processing plant is further adapted for processing solid fuel, based at least in part on the difference in the composition of the solid fuel; по меньшей мере, один датчик, адаптированный для регистрации показателя загрязняющих веществ, выделяемых из твердого топлива во время обработки твердого топлива;at least one sensor adapted to detect an indicator of pollutants emitted from solid fuel during processing of solid fuel; установку регулирования обработки, адаптированную для регулирования рабочего параметра обработки в соответствии с сигналом обратной связи, полученным, по меньшей мере, от одного датчика и показателя загрязняющих веществ для создания обработанного твердого топлива; иa processing control unit adapted to control a processing operating parameter in accordance with a feedback signal obtained from at least one sensor and an indicator of pollutants to create a processed solid fuel; and установку проверки после обработки на установке выходных параметров твердого топлива, которая принимает очищенное твердое топливо, формирует одну или более характеристику обработанного твердого топлива и направляет информацию, содержащую одну или более конечную характеристику обработанного твердого топлива обратно на установку обработки твердого топлива для последующего применения или регулирования, по меньшей мере, одного рабочего параметра обработки.the installation of the verification after processing at the installation of the output parameters of the solid fuel, which receives purified solid fuel, generates one or more characteristics of the processed solid fuel and sends information containing one or more final characteristics of the processed solid fuel back to the installation of processing of solid fuel for subsequent application or regulation, at least one working processing parameter. 15. Установка по п.14, где установка обработки твердого топлива является микроволновой установкой обработки твердого топлива.15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the solid fuel processing unit is a microwave solid fuel processing unit. 16. Установка по п.14, где твердым топливом является уголь.16. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the solid fuel is coal. 17. Установка по п.14, дополнительно содержащая многослойную ленту транспортера для перемещения твердого топлива через установку обработки, причем многослойная лента транспортера выполнена с возможностью пропускания основной части микроволновой энергии, причем первый слои ленты транспортера устойчив к изнашиванию, а второй слой имеет высокую температурную стойкость. 17. The apparatus of claim 14, further comprising a multilayer conveyor belt for moving solid fuel through the processing unit, wherein the multilayer conveyor belt is configured to pass the bulk of the microwave energy, the first layers of the conveyor belt being resistant to wear and the second layer has high temperature resistance .
RU2012118412/05A 2006-03-31 2007-04-02 Methods and devices for improvement of solid fuel quality RU2561102C2 (en)

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US78829706P 2006-03-31 2006-03-31
US60/788,297 2006-03-31
US82048206P 2006-07-26 2006-07-26
US60/820,482 2006-07-26
US82803106P 2006-10-03 2006-10-03
US60/828,031 2006-10-03
US86774906P 2006-11-29 2006-11-29
US60/867,749 2006-11-29

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