CN113124926A - Heat value estimation system and method for solid recovered fuel - Google Patents
Heat value estimation system and method for solid recovered fuel Download PDFInfo
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- CN113124926A CN113124926A CN202110053728.0A CN202110053728A CN113124926A CN 113124926 A CN113124926 A CN 113124926A CN 202110053728 A CN202110053728 A CN 202110053728A CN 113124926 A CN113124926 A CN 113124926A
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 553
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 41
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- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 20
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- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 16
- 235000021190 leftovers Nutrition 0.000 description 12
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Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
A calorific value estimation system of a solid recovered fuel and a method thereof, the method comprising: a scanning step of sensing the weight and calorific value of at least one raw material; a grouping step of grouping the raw materials into a plurality of groups according to the calorific value of the raw materials and a plurality of predetermined calorific value ranges; a material storage step of respectively storing and stirring the raw materials of the groups; a blending step, namely calculating the total feeding amount, the total heat value and the average heat value of the raw materials of the groups, calculating the feeding amount of the raw materials according to the specified heat value and the specified weight, and feeding the raw materials of the groups into a mixing device according to the feeding amount; a mixing step of uniformly mixing the raw materials fed into the mixing apparatus; and a molding step of forming the raw material into a solid recovered fuel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a heat value estimation system and a method of Solid Recovered Fuel (SRF), in particular to a heat value estimation system and a method of Solid Recovered Fuel prepared from textile, waste motor vehicle crushing Residue (ASR), waste plastic and leftovers.
Background
With the advancement of technology, the manufacture and use of vehicles has become more common in modern society, and the problem is how to dispose of the discarded large amount of vehicles and how to reuse the disposed residues as resources and energy to minimize the environmental impact of the discarded motor vehicles, while maintaining the spirit of continuous development and recycling economy.
Waste motor vehicle shredder residues (ASR) are quite complex in composition and comprise difficult to recycle residues of foam, plastics (PE, PP), rubber (rubber, acrylonitrile), synthetic resins (PU, PA, epoxy, styrene), fibers (textiles, waste paper, wood), metals, glass, dust, paint and other impurities. The ASR is mainly treated by incineration or burial nowadays, but the heat value of the ASR is not uniform due to the complex characteristics of materials, and the ASR treatment willingness of manufacturers is not high in consideration of the operation and the service life of the incinerator.
In addition, for other domestic or industrial wastes such as textile and waste plastics, since modern products are required to have multifunctional designs, various products are often made of composite materials. Although the composite material can provide diversified functions to the product, when the service life of the composite material is over and waste treatment is required, the composite material has a complex composition and is not easy to classify and recycle, so that the composite material can be finally treated only by incineration or burial.
In addition, the scraps (excess materials, leftover materials) generated in the factory process, such as scraps of paper, textile or plastics, can be incinerated or buried only in the same manner as the above-mentioned wastes when they have no recycling value or their recycling cost is too high.
In view of secondary pollution of soil and water due to landfill disposal, it is a major environmental trend today to minimize waste and reduce the amount of landfill. A technology is known that can recover domestic and industrial waste, crush the waste, screen out combustible substances, and compact the waste into waste-Derived Fuel (RDF-5) to convert the waste into renewable energy.
However, since the composition of such waste-derived fuel is unknown and complicated, the calorific value thereof cannot be estimated, and there is a disadvantage in that it is inconvenient to use, resulting in a low degree of market inquiry.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems encountered in the prior art, there is a need for a calorific value estimation system of solid recycle fuel and a method thereof, which screen textile, ASR and waste plastics to separate incombustible materials, and scan to obtain calorific value information of raw materials and store them in groups together with leftovers (e.g., leftovers of paper, textile or plastic), and estimate the feed amount of each group of raw materials from the calorific value information of each group of raw materials and a customer-specified calorific value, and make the raw materials into solid recycle fuel so that the calorific value information of the solid recycle fuel is definite and conforms to the calorific value of fuel required by the customer.
Accordingly, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a heating value estimation system for a solid recovered fuel, comprising: the scanning device comprises a feeding unit, a heat value sensing unit and a weight sensing unit, wherein the feeding unit feeds at least one raw material into the scanning device; the heating value sensing unit senses the kind of the raw material and converts the heating value of the raw material according to the kind of the raw material; and, the weight sensing unit senses the weight of the raw material; the storage device is arranged behind the scanning device and connected with the scanning device, stores the raw materials from the scanning device, and is provided with a stirring unit, wherein the stirring unit stirs the raw materials; a preparing device which is arranged behind the storing device, is connected with the scanning device and comprises a calculating unit and a feeding unit; and a forming device disposed behind the dispensing device and connected thereto. Wherein the calculating unit calculates the total feeding amount and the average calorific value of the raw materials according to the calorific value and the weight of the raw materials; the feeding unit feeds a specified weight of the raw material from the stock facility to the molding apparatus; and, the molding apparatus forms the raw material fed thereto into a solid recovered fuel.
A second embodiment of the present invention provides a calorific value estimation system of a solid recovered fuel, including: a plurality of scanning devices, each of which is serially connected in sequence and further comprises a sorting unit respectively; the storage equipment is correspondingly arranged behind the scanning equipment and is connected with the scanning equipment; wherein the sorting unit of each of the plurality of serially connected scanning apparatuses feeds and stores the raw material having a calorific value corresponding to a predetermined calorific value range thereof into the stock apparatus connected thereto; the sorting unit of each of the plurality of serially connected scanning apparatuses except the last one feeds the raw material having a heat value not corresponding to a predetermined heat value range thereof into the scanning apparatus serially connected therebehind; and, the sorting unit of the last one of the plurality of serially connected scanning apparatuses separates additional raw materials having a heat value not corresponding to a predetermined heat value range thereof; a preparing device which is arranged behind the plurality of storing devices, is connected with each of the plurality of scanning devices, and comprises a calculating unit and a feeding unit; a mixing device disposed after the dispensing device and connected thereto; and a forming device disposed after the mixing device and connected thereto. Wherein the calculation unit is configured to, for each of the plurality of stockpiling devices: calculating the total feeding amount and the average heat value of the raw materials respectively according to the heat value and the weight of the raw materials; and calculating the feeding amount of each raw material stored in the plurality of storage devices according to a specified heat value, a specified weight, the total feeding amount and the average heat value. The feeding unit feeds the raw materials from the plurality of stock facilities into the mixing facility according to the feeding amounts of the raw materials; the mixing device mixes the raw materials fed therein and feeds the mixed raw materials into the forming device; and, the molding apparatus forms the raw material fed thereto into a solid recovered fuel.
In a preferred embodiment, the plurality of scanning devices includes a first scanning device, a second scanning device and a third scanning device connected in series in sequence, and the predetermined thermal value ranges of the first scanning device, the second scanning device and the third scanning device are a first thermal value range, a second thermal value range and a third thermal value range, respectively; and the plurality of stock devices include a first stock device, a second stock device, and a third stock device, which are respectively connected to the first scanning device, the second scanning device, and the third scanning device, and respectively store the first raw material, the second raw material, and the third raw material having heat values respectively corresponding to the first heat value range, the second heat value range, and the third heat value range; and wherein the first calorific value range is 3000 to 4000 kcal/kg; the second calorific value range is 4000-5000 kcal/kg; and the third calorific value range is 5000-6000 kcal/kg.
In a preferred embodiment, the calorific value estimation system further comprises an additional stocker disposed between and connected to the final one of the plurality of serially connected scanning apparatuses and the blending apparatus, wherein the sorting unit of the final one of the plurality of serially connected scanning apparatuses feeds the additional raw material into the additional stocker and stores the additional raw material; the calculating unit sums the weight of the additional raw materials stored in the additional storage equipment to obtain the total additional feeding amount of the additional raw materials; the feeding unit feeds an additional specified weight of the additional raw material from the additional stock facility to the molding facility; and, the forming apparatus produces an additional solid recycle fuel from the additional feedstock fed thereto.
In a preferred embodiment, the heat value estimation system further comprises at least one of: a shredding device disposed before a first of the plurality of serially connected scanning devices to shred the raw material into small pieces; a screening device disposed before a first one of the plurality of serially connected scanning devices to separate sand, magnetic metal, non-magnetic metal or glass in the raw material from the raw material; a drying device disposed before a first of the plurality of serially connected scanning devices to dry the feedstock; and at least one homogenizing device arranged in front of at least one of the plurality of stock devices for homogenizing the raw materials.
A third embodiment of the present invention provides a calorific value estimation method of a solid recovered fuel, including: a scanning step of sensing the kind and weight of at least one raw material and converting the calorific value of the raw material according to the kind of the raw material; a material storage step of storing the raw materials and stirring the raw materials; a blending step, comprising a calculation step and a feeding step, wherein in the calculation step, the total feeding amount and the average heating value of the raw materials are calculated according to the heating value and the weight of the raw materials; and, in the feeding step, feeding a specified weight of the raw material into the molding apparatus; and a molding step of forming the raw material fed into the molding apparatus into a solid recovered fuel.
A fourth embodiment of the present invention provides a calorific value estimation method of a solid recovered fuel, including: a scanning step of sensing the kind and weight of the raw material and converting the calorific value of the raw material according to the kind of the raw material; a grouping step of dividing the raw material into a plurality of groups corresponding to a plurality of predetermined calorific value ranges according to the calorific value of the raw material and the plurality of predetermined calorific value ranges, and separating additional raw materials having calorific values not corresponding to the plurality of predetermined calorific value ranges; a material storage step of storing the raw materials of the plurality of groups respectively and stirring the stored raw materials respectively; a formulating step comprising a calculating step and a feeding step, wherein, in the calculating step, for each of the plurality of groups: calculating the total feeding amount and the average heat value of the raw materials respectively according to the heat value and the weight of the raw materials; calculating the respective feeding amounts of the stored raw materials of the groups according to a specified heat value, a specified weight, the total feeding amount and the average heat value; and, in the feeding step, the raw materials of the plurality of groups are fed into the mixing device in accordance with the feeding amounts of the raw materials, respectively; a mixing step of mixing the raw materials fed into the mixing apparatus; and a molding step of forming the raw material into a solid recovered fuel.
According to a preferred embodiment, in the grouping step, the plurality of predetermined thermal value ranges includes a first thermal value range, a second thermal value range, and a third thermal value range; the plurality of groups includes a first group, a second group, and a third group corresponding to the first thermal value range, the second thermal value range, and the third thermal value range, respectively; the raw materials are divided into a first raw material, a second raw material and a third raw material, which respectively correspond to the first group, the second group and the third group; and, the heating values of the first feedstock, the second feedstock, and the third feedstock correspond to the first heating value range, the second heating value range, and the third heating value range, respectively. Wherein the first calorific value range is 3000-4000 kcal/kg; the second calorific value range is 4000-5000 kcal/kg; and the third calorific value range is 5000-6000 kcal/kg.
According to a preferred embodiment, in the stockpiling step, the additional raw material is further stored; in the calculating step, the weight of the additional raw materials stored in the storing step is added to obtain the total additional feeding amount of the additional raw materials; in the feeding step, feeding an additional specified weight of the additional raw material into the molding apparatus; and in the forming step, making an additional solid recycle fuel from the additional feedstock fed to the forming apparatus.
According to a preferred embodiment, the heat value estimation method further comprises at least one of: a shredding step of shredding the raw material into small pieces before the scanning step; a screening step of separating sand, magnetic metal, non-magnetic metal or glass in the raw material from the raw material before the scanning step; a drying step of drying the raw material before the scanning step; and a homogenization step of homogenizing the raw material before the stock step.
As described above, in the present invention, the raw material consisting of the textile, ASR, waste plastics and leftovers, in which the incombustible components are separated via the screening apparatus/step; then, dividing combustible substances in the raw materials into groups with different heat value ranges through scanning equipment/steps and grouping steps and storing the groups respectively; then, calculating the feeding amount of the raw materials with different heat values respectively through allocation equipment/steps according to the heat value information of each group of raw materials and the heat value of the fuel specified by a customer; and finally, preparing the raw materials which are blended and fed previously into the solid recovered fuel by using a forming device, so that the heat value information of the solid recovered fuel is clear and meets the requirements of customers.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a heating value estimation system for a solid recovered fuel according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a heating value estimation system for a solid recovered fuel in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view of a scanning apparatus and a stocker apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a heating value estimation method of a solid recovered fuel according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a heating value estimation method of a solid recovered fuel according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a second embodiment of the present invention for producing solid recycled fuel from raw materials through steps of screening, scanning, grouping, blending and forming; and
fig. 7 is a detailed flowchart of the estimation of the heat value of the second and fourth embodiments of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals are as follows:
10: shredding device
20: screening apparatus
30: drying apparatus
40: scanning device
40 a: feeding unit
40 b: heat value sensing unit
40 c: weight sensing unit
40 d: sorting unit
41: first scanning device
42: second scanning device
43: third scanning device
60: homogenizing device
70: material storage equipment
70 a: stirring unit
71: first storage equipment
72: second storage equipment
73: third storage equipment
74: additional storage equipment
80: dispensing apparatus
80 a: computing unit
80 b: feed unit
91: mixing apparatus
92: molding apparatus
G1: first group
G2: second group
G3: third group
RM: raw materials
RM 1: first raw material
RM 2: a second raw material
RM 3: third raw material
RM': additional raw materials
SRF: solid recovery fuel
SRF': additional solids recovery fuel
S10: shredding step
S20: screening step
S30: drying step
S40: scanning step
S50: grouping step
S60: homogenizing step
S70: material storage step
S80: blending step
S81: calculating step
S82: step of feeding
S91: mixing step
S92: shaping step
Detailed Description
In the following description of the present invention, a detailed description of the prior art will be omitted within the scope that a person having ordinary skill in the art can easily understand.
The invention provides a heat value estimation system and a method of solid recovered fuel, wherein textile, ASR and waste plastics are screened to separate incombustible materials, scanning and grouping are carried out to obtain heat value information of raw materials, the heat value information and leftovers are grouped and stored, the feeding amounts of the raw materials with different heat values are respectively adjusted according to the heat value information of the raw materials of each group and the heat value of the fuel appointed by a customer, and the solid recovered fuel is prepared, so that the heat value information of the solid recovered fuel is clear and accords with the heat value of the fuel required by the customer.
[ first embodiment ]
As shown in fig. 1, a heating value estimation system of a solid recovered fuel according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes: shredding means 10, screening means 20, drying means 30, scanning means 40, homogenizing means 60, storing means 70, blending means 80 and forming means 92. The following will explain each item of equipment and units in the heat value estimation system of the first embodiment in detail.
< shredding device 10 >
First, in the case where a large-volume lump is contained in the raw material RM containing materials such as textile, ASR, and waste plastics, a shredder 10 (e.g., a shredder) may be provided before the screen apparatus 20 and connected to the screen apparatus 20 (to be described later) to shred the raw material RM into small pieces using the shredder 10; alternatively, in the case where the volumes of the objects contained in the raw material RM are all smaller than a predetermined volume (for example, a volume in which the raw material RM can be efficiently scanned using the scanning device 40), the raw material RM may be screened directly using the screening device 20 without providing the shredding device 10.
< screening apparatus 20 >
Since the raw material RM of the present invention contains combustible, calorific, and fuel-worth components such as textile fibers (e.g., rayon and natural fibers), waste plastics, and ASR, and further contains non-fuel-worth components such as sand, metal, and glass in addition to combustible, calorific, and fuel-worth components, the calorific value estimation system of the present invention is provided with a screening device 20 for separating sand, magnetic metal, non-magnetic metal, and glass in the raw material RM from the raw material RM in order to avoid a decrease in the combustion efficiency of the solid recovered fuel due to the non-fuel-worth components or a situation where excessive suspended particles and bottom dross are generated after the combustion of the solid recovered fuel, and to further recycle and reuse part of the non-fuel-worth components.
Specifically, the screening apparatus 20 may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: sand screening equipment (such as a screen and air separation equipment) for separating sand from the raw material RM; magnetic metal screening equipment (such as a magnetic separator) for separating magnetic metals (such as iron, cobalt or nickel) in the raw material RM; a non-magnetic metal screening device (e.g., an eddy current separator) for separating the non-magnetic metal in the raw material RM; and a glass screening device (e.g., an infrared sorter) for separating the glass from the feedstock RM.
Among the components separated by screening by the screening apparatus 20, sandy soil having no recycling value may be buried or otherwise disposed of after being appropriately disposed of; the magnetic metal, non-magnetic metal and glass with recycling value can be recycled for resource recycling.
< drying apparatus 30 >
After the separation of the non-fuel-worth components of the raw material RM by the screening device 20, in order to avoid a decrease in combustion efficiency due to moisture in the solid recycle fuel SRF and a decrease in estimation accuracy of the heating value estimation system of the present invention due to a non-constant moisture content in the solid recycle fuel SRF, a drying device 30 may be further provided before the scanning device 40 (to be described later) to dry the raw material RM.
The above-described shredding device 10, screening device 20, and drying device 30 may be set depending on the condition of the raw material RM, and the serial order thereof is not particularly limited as long as it is set before the scanning device 40.
< scanning apparatus 40 >
After the related processing of the raw material RM using the shredding device 10, the screening device 20, or the drying device 30, respectively, in order to sense heat value information of various components having fuel value (e.g., textile, PE, PP, foam, rubber, etc.) in the raw material RM to estimate the heat value of the solid recovery fuel SRF, a scanning device 40 may be provided to perform heat value sensing of the raw material RM which has been previously shredded, screened, or dried.
The scanning apparatus 40 may be a near infrared light sorting apparatus, and may include an input unit 40a, a calorific value sensing unit 40b, and a weight sensing unit 40 c.
Specifically, in the shredding device 10, the raw material RM is shredded into a volume smaller than the single sensing range of the heating value sensing unit 40b and the weight sensing unit 40c, so that the heating value sensing unit 40b and the weight sensing unit 40c can sense the heating value and the weight of each shredded raw material RM, respectively.
The feeding unit 40a may be a conveyor belt, and feeds the shredded raw material RM into the scanning apparatus 40.
The heat value sensing unit 40b may be a near infrared spectrometer for sensing each raw material RM fedi(i-th material) and discriminating each RM material based on the sensed absorption spectrumiAnd according to each piece of raw material RMiConversion of type of each raw material RMiHeat value Q ofi。
The weight sensing unit 40c may be a weight sensor for sensing each piece of the raw material RMiWeight M ofIn,i。
Specifically, the heat value sensing unit 40b may be connected to a database unit in which the kind of the raw material (for example, near infrared light absorption spectrum information of each kind) and corresponding information of the heat value are stored, so that the heat value sensing unit 40b converts the use of the heat value according to the sensed kind.
Further, the heat value sensing unit 40b and the weight sensing unit 40c may be disposed adjacent to each other in the feeding direction (e.g., the conveying direction of the conveyor belt), or may be disposed to overlap in the vertical direction, so that the heat value sensing unit 40b and the weight sensing unit 40c may sense each raw material RM separatelyiAnd facilitates the separation of each raw material RMiIs correlated with the heat value information and stored (M)In.i，Qi)。
By sweepingEach piece of stock RM sensed by the scanning apparatus 40iHeat value Q ofi(kcal/kg) and weight MIn.iThe information (kg) may be stored in a memory unit of the scanning apparatus 40 and transferred to a memory unit of the preparing apparatus 80 (to be described later), or may be directly transferred to the memory unit of the preparing apparatus 80 for the preparing apparatus 80 to estimate the heating value.
< homogenizing apparatus 60 >
In order to make the solid recycle fuel SRF have a more compact and less fragile structure and have a more uniform calorific value to improve the estimation accuracy of the calorific value estimation system of the present invention, a homogenizing apparatus 60 may be further provided after and connected to the scanning apparatus 40 to homogenize the raw material RM.
Specifically, the homogenizing apparatus 60 may be a crushing apparatus or a pulverizing apparatus, or may include a crushing apparatus and a pulverizing apparatus in series in this order. Wherein the crushing apparatus (e.g., a single shaft crusher, a multi-shaft crusher, etc.) may crush the raw material RM to a first size or less, and the crushing apparatus (e.g., a jaw crusher, such as a multi-jaw crusher) may further crush the raw material RM to a second size or less smaller than the first size, so that the raw material RM is smaller in size and suitable for uniform dispersion and molding.
Preferably, the homogenizing apparatus 60 may be provided before a stocker 70 (to be described later), but is not limited thereto. Thus, since the raw material RM is homogenized using the homogenizing apparatus 60 before storing the raw material RM, the storage volume of the raw material RM can be reduced to save the storage cost.
< storage facility 70 >
After sensing the weight and calorific value information of the raw material RM using the scanning apparatus 40 and homogenizing the raw material RM using the homogenizing apparatus 60, the stock apparatus 70 may be disposed after and connected to the homogenizing apparatus 60 (or, in the case where the homogenizing apparatus 60 is not disposed, the stock apparatus 70 may be disposed after and connected to the scanning apparatus 40) to store the raw material RM from the scanning apparatus 40.
Preferably, the stock device 70 may be provided with a stirring unit 70a to stir the stored raw material RM uniformly.
Generally, the mill process produces a simple and well-defined composition of the waste and its calorific value is known. Therefore, unless the leftovers are required to be processed in association with the above-mentioned textile, ASR and waste plastics through the shredding facility 10, the screening facility 20, the drying facility 30 and the scanning facility 40 in the case where the composition of the leftovers is complicated, generally, the leftovers may be directly stored in the storing facility 50 (preferably, the homogenization process may be performed first), and the weight and calorific value information of the stored leftovers may be manually inputted into the memory unit, and the leftovers may be manufactured into the solid recycle fuel SRF together with the shredded, screened, dried and scanned textile, ASR and waste plastics.
< dispensing apparatus 80 and molding apparatus 92 >
After storing the feedstock RM in the holding facility 70, the feedstock RM may be formed into a solid recycle fuel SRF using the blending facility 80 and the forming facility 92.
Specifically, the blending apparatus 80 may be disposed after and connected to the stock apparatus 70; and the blending device 80 is connected to the scanning device 40 to receive the weight and heating value information (M) of the raw material sensed by the scanning device 40In.i，Qi) Estimating the heat value of the solid recovered fuel and adjusting the feeding amount of the raw materials according to the information; also, a forming apparatus 92 may be provided after and connected to the blending apparatus 80 to produce the feedstock into the solid recycle fuel SRF according to the blended feed rate.
The blending apparatus 80 may comprise a calculation unit 80a and a feeding unit 80 b.
In the calculation unit 80a, first, as shown in the following equation (1), the calculation unit 80a detects the raw material RM of each block sensed by the scanning device 40iWeight M ofIn.iAdding to obtain the total feed quantity M of the raw material RMIn(i.e., the total weight of the feedstock RM stored in the holding device 70).
MIn＝∑MIn，i (1)
Next, as shown in the following equation (2), the calculating unit 80a will calculateThe stock RM of each block sensed by the scanning device 40iHeat value Q ofi(calorific value per unit weight, kcal/kg) and a weight MIn.i(kg) are multiplied together separately and summed up to obtain the gross calorific value Σ (Q) of the feedstock RMi·MIn,i) (i.e., the gross calorific value, kcal, of the raw material RM stored in the stock device 70). Then, the calculation unit 80a calculates the gross calorific value Σ (Q) of the raw material RMi·MIn,i) Divided by the total charge M of the starting material RMInTo calculate the average calorific value Q (kcal/kg) of the raw material RM stored in the stock device 70, up to which the calorific value of the solid recovered fuel to be produced later, i.e., the average calorific value Q, is estimated.
Next, the feeding unit 80b may assign a specified weight M from the magazine 70d(e.g., the specified weight of the customer order) of feedstock RM is fed into the forming device 92; also, the molding apparatus 92 may form the raw material RM fed into the molding apparatus 92 into the solid recycle fuel SRF.
As described above, by the calorific value estimation system of the first embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to manufacture the solid recycle fuel SRF having a known calorific value (average calorific value Q), and since its calorific value information is known, it is possible to enhance the purchase intention of the customer and enhance the grasping degree of the combustion effect.
[ second embodiment ]
As shown in fig. 2, a heating value estimation system of a solid recovered fuel according to a second embodiment of the present invention includes: shredding equipment 10, screening equipment 20, drying equipment 30, multiple scanning equipment, multiple homogenizing equipment 60, multiple storage equipment, additional storage equipment 74, blending equipment 80, mixing equipment 91, and forming equipment 92. The following description will be made with respect to each device and unit in the heat value estimation system of the second embodiment, wherein the same parts as those of the first embodiment will not be described again.
< scanning apparatus and storage apparatus >
In the second embodiment, the same shredding device 10, screening device 20, or drying device 30 as in the first embodiment may be provided before a first one of a plurality of scanning devices (to be described later) connected in series in sequence.
Also, in order to estimate and adjust the calorific value of the solid recovery fuel SRF, a plurality of scanning apparatuses substantially identical to the scanning apparatus 40 of the first embodiment and sequentially connected in series may be provided to perform calorific value sensing on the raw materials RM previously subjected to shredding, screening, or drying processes, and further to group the raw materials RM according to the sensed calorific values.
Then, in order to store the grouped raw materials RM separately, a plurality of stockers, which are substantially the same as the stocker 70 of the first embodiment, may be provided, and connected to the plurality of scanning devices, respectively, to store the raw materials RM separately by group.
In addition, for the extra feedstock RM 'that does not meet the heating value range of the aforementioned group, an extra stock storage device may be provided, connected to the last one of the plurality of serially connected scanning devices, to store the extra feedstock RM'.
Specifically, in the second embodiment, the plurality of scanning apparatuses includes a first scanning apparatus 41, a second scanning apparatus 42, and a third scanning apparatus 43, each of which is sequentially connected in series, respectively includes the same feeding unit 40a, the heating value sensing unit 40b, and the weight sensing unit 40c as those of the first embodiment, and respectively further includes a sorting unit 40 d.
And, the plurality of magazines includes a first magazine 71, a second magazine 72, and a third magazine, which are respectively provided correspondingly behind the first scanning device 41, the second scanning device 42, and the third scanning device 43, and are respectively connected to the first scanning device 41, the second scanning device 42, and the third scanning device 43.
The feeding unit 40a may be a conveyor belt, and feeds the shredded raw material RM into the scanning apparatus 40.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a partial schematic view of the first scanning apparatus 41, the second scanning apparatus 42, and the first stocker 71 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
In the first scanning apparatus 41, the feeding unit 40a feeds the raw material RM into the first scanning apparatus 41; the heat value sensing unit 40b and the weight sensing unit 40c respectively sense the heat value and the weight of each raw material fed; and the sorting unit 40d feeds the raw material RM of which the calorific value corresponds to the predetermined calorific value range of the first scanning apparatus 41 (i.e., the first raw material RM1) among the raw materials RM fed from the feeding unit 40a into the first stock apparatus 71 connected to the first scanning apparatus 41 to be stored and stirred uniformly.
Also, in the first scanning apparatus 41, the sorting unit 40d feeds the raw material RM (i.e., the second raw material RM2, the third raw material RM3, and the additional raw material RM') whose thermal value does not correspond to the predetermined thermal value range of the first scanning apparatus 41 among the raw materials RM fed by the feeding unit 40a, into the second scanning apparatus 42 connected in series after the first scanning apparatus 41.
Next, in the second scanning apparatus 42, the feeding unit 40a feeds the raw material RM (the second raw material RM2, the third raw material RM3, and the additional raw material RM') from the first scanning apparatus 41 into the second scanning apparatus 42; the heat value sensing unit 40b and the weight sensing unit 40c respectively sense the heat value and the weight of each raw material fed; and the sorting unit 40d feeds the raw material RM of which calorific value corresponds to a predetermined calorific value range of the second scanning apparatus 42 (i.e., the second raw material RM2) among the fed raw materials RM into the second stock apparatus 72 connected to the second scanning apparatus 42 to store and stir.
Also, in the second scanning apparatus 42, the sorting unit 40d feeds the raw material RM (i.e., the third raw material RM3 and the additional raw material RM') whose calorific value does not correspond to the predetermined calorific value range of the second scanning apparatus 42 among the raw materials RM fed by the feeding unit 40a into the third scanning apparatus 43 connected in series after the second scanning apparatus 42.
Then, in the third scanning apparatus 43, the feeding unit 40a feeds the raw material RM (the third raw material RM3 and the additional raw material RM') from the second scanning apparatus 42 into the third scanning apparatus 43; the heat value sensing unit 40b and the weight sensing unit 40c respectively sense the heat value and the weight of each raw material fed; and the sorting unit 40d feeds and stores the raw material RM of which calorific value corresponds to a predetermined calorific value range of the third scanning apparatus 43 (i.e., the third raw material RM3) among the fed raw materials RM into the third stock apparatus 73 connected to the third scanning apparatus 43.
Also, in the third scanning apparatus 43, the sorting unit 40d separates out the raw material RM (i.e., the additional raw material RM') whose calorific value of the raw material RM fed by the feeding unit 40a does not correspond to the predetermined calorific value range of the third scanning apparatus 43.
The sorting unit 40d may be an air valve provided at the end of a conveyor belt (e.g., the feeding unit 40a) of the scanning apparatus, and when it is sensed that the calorific value of the raw material RM above the sorting unit 40d conforms to the predetermined calorific value range of the scanning apparatus, the sorting unit 40d may drop the raw material RM downward without releasing the air current; and when the heating value of the raw material RM above the sorting unit 40d does not conform to the predetermined heating value range of the scanning apparatus, the sorting unit 40d may release the gas flow to push the raw material RM to the feeding unit 40a of the next scanning apparatus, so that the raw material RM may be separated according to whether the predetermined heating value range of the scanning apparatus is conformed or not, and the raw material RM may be grouped by connecting a plurality of scanning apparatuses in series.
Specifically, the predetermined heat value ranges of the first scanning device 41, the second scanning device 42, and the third scanning device 43 are a first heat value range (for example, 3000 to 4000kcal/kg, for example, 3000kcal/kg, 3200kcal/kg, 3400kcal/kg, 3600kcal/kg, 3800kcal/kg, 4000kcal/kg), a second heat value range (for example, 4000 to 5000kcal/kg, for example, 4000kcal/kg, 4200kcal/kg, 4400kcal/kg, 4600kcal/kg, 4800kcal/kg, 5000kcal/kg), and a third heat value range (for example, 5000 to 6000kcal/kg, for example, 5000kcal/kg, 5200kcal/kg, 5400kcal/kg, 5600kcal/kg, 5800kcal/kg, 6000kcal/kg), respectively.
Also, the first stock device 71, the second stock device 72, and the third stock device 73 store the first raw material RM1, the second raw material RM2, and the third raw material RM3 having heating values corresponding to the first heating value range, the second heating value range, and the third heating value range, respectively.
Accordingly, the additional raw material RM' that does not correspond to the above-described heat value range (i.e., the heat value does not fall within the range of 3000 to 6000kcal/kg, or the raw material of a kind that is not stored in the library unit of the scanner apparatus and thus the heat value cannot be known) is separated by the sorting unit 40d of the third scanner apparatus 43.
Each of the pieces of the first raw material RM1 sensed by the first scanning device 41, the second scanning device 42, and the third scanning device 43iEach of the second raw materials RM2iAnd each piece of the third raw material RM3iHeat value Q of1,i、Q2,iAnd Q3,i(kcal/kg) information and weight M1,i、M2,iAnd M3,iThe information of (kg) may be stored in the memories of the first scanning apparatus 41, the second scanning apparatus 42, and the third scanning apparatus 43, respectively, and transferred to the memory of the provisioning apparatus 80 (to be described later), or may be directly transferred to the memory of the provisioning apparatus 80 for the provisioning apparatus 80 to estimate the heating value.
Also, unless the composition of the trimmings is complicated, the trimmings may be directly stored in the corresponding storages according to their calorific values, respectively (preferably, homogenization treatment may be performed first), and the weight and calorific value information of the stored trimmings may be manually inputted into the memory unit, and the trimmings may be made into the solid recycle fuel SRF together with the textile, ASR, and waste plastics that are shredded, screened, dried, and scanned.
< homogenizing apparatus 60 >
According to the second embodiment of the present invention, the same homogenizing apparatus 60 as that of the first embodiment may be provided before at least one of the plurality of scanning apparatuses; preferably, a homogenizing apparatus 60 may be provided before each of the plurality of scanning apparatuses to homogenize the respective groups of the raw material RM.
< mixing apparatus 80, mixing apparatus 91 and molding apparatus 92 >
After the raw materials RM are grouped and stored in a plurality of stock facilities, respectively, the raw materials RM may be made into the solid reclaimed fuel SRF using the blending facility 80, the mixing facility 91, and the molding facility 92.
Specifically, the blending equipment 80 may be disposed after and separately connected to each of the plurality of holding equipment; and connecting a blending apparatus 80 to each of the plurality of scanning apparatuses to receive weight and calorific value information of respective groups of the raw materials RM sensed by the plurality of scanning apparatuses, and to blend the feeding amounts of the respective groups of the raw materials and estimate the calorific value of the solid recovered fuel according to the information; also, a mixing device 91 may be disposed after the blending device 80 and connected with the blending device 80, and a molding device 92 may be disposed after the mixing device 91 and connected with the mixing device 91 to uniformly mix the raw materials according to the blended feeding amount and make the solid recycle fuel SRF.
The blending apparatus 80 comprises a calculation unit 80a and a feeding unit 80 b. A detailed flowchart of the heat value estimation system of the invention is shown in fig. 7.
First, as shown in the following equations (3) to (5), the calculation unit 80a subjects each of the first raw materials RM1 sensed by the first scanning apparatus 41 to sensingiWeight M of1.iThe total feeding quantity M of the first raw material RM1 is obtained by summation1(i.e., the total weight of the first raw material RM1 stored in the first stock device 71). Also, the total charge amount M of the second feed material RM2 and the third feed material RM3 was calculated similarly2、M3。
M1＝∑1，i (3)
M2＝∑M2，i (4)
M3＝∑M3，i (5)
Next, as shown in the following equations (6) to (8), the calculation unit 80a subjects each of the pieces of the first raw material RM1 sensed by the first scanning apparatus 41 to sensingiHeat value Q of1,i(calorific value per unit weight, kcal/kg) and a weight M1.i(kg) are multiplied together separately and summed up to obtain the gross calorific value Σ (Q) of the first feedstock RM1,i·M1,i) (i.e., the gross calorific value, kcal, of the first raw material RM1 stored in the first stock device 71). Then, the calculation unit 80a calculates the gross heating value Σ (Q) of the first raw material RM11,i·M1,i) Divided by the total feed quantity M of the first starting material RM11To calculate the average calorific value Q of the first raw material RM1 stored in the first stock device 711(kcal/kg). Also, the gross heating value Σ (Q) of the second feedstock RM2 and the third feedstock RM3 was calculated similarly2,i·M2,i) And Σ (Q)3,i·M3,i) And average calorific value Q2And Q3。
Finally, the calculation unit 80a specifies the calorific value QdAnd a specified weight Md(for example, the specified heating value and the specified weight of the customer order), the feed amounts M of the first stock equipment RM1, the second stock equipment RM2, and the third stock equipment RM3, respectively, stored in the first stock equipment 71, the second stock equipment 72, and the third stock equipment 73, respectively, are calculatedO,1、MO,2And MO,3。
Specifically, as shown in the following formulas (9) and (10), according to the following principle: (1) total feed M of first, second and third feedstocks RM1, RM2 and RM3O,1+MO,2+MO,3Greater than or equal to a specified weight Md(i.e., the weight of fuel produced must be greater than or equal to the weight of the order); (2) feed rate MO,1、MO,2And MO,3Are respectively less than or equal to the total feeding quantity M1、M2And M3The amount of the raw material used is required to be less than or equal to the stock level; and (3) the feeding amount MO,1、MO,2And MO,3Possible approach (balancing the consumption and the storage quantity of each group of raw materials) is carried out, and the specified heat value Q is calculateddAnd a specified weight MdThe feeding amounts of the first raw material RM1, the second raw material RM2 and the third raw material RM3 are respectively the feeding amounts MO,1、MO,2And MO,3。
Md＝MO，1+MO，2+MO，3 (9)
Next, the feeding unit 80b may feed from the first stocker 71, the second stocker 72, and the third stocker 73 according to the calculated feeding amount MO,1、MO,2And MO,3The first feed RM1, the second feed RM2, and the third feed RM3 were fed into the mixing apparatus 91, respectively.
The mixing device 91 can uniformly mix the first raw material RM1, the second raw material RM2 and the third raw material RM3 fed into the mixing device 91 and feed into the forming device 92; also, the molding device 92 may make the first raw material RM1, the second raw material RM2, and the third raw material RM3 fed into the molding device 92 into the solid recycle fuel SRF.
As described above, the calorific value estimation system according to the second embodiment of the present invention can estimate and formulate a specified weight M by further grouping raw materials according to calorific valuesdAnd a specified calorific value QdThe solid recovered fuel SRF can be customized according to the heat value requirement of a customer on the solid recovered fuel, so that the use willingness and the selling price of the product are improved.
< extra stock storage equipment 74 >
Further, in the second embodiment, an additional stocker 74 may be further provided between the last one of the plurality of serially-connected scanning apparatuses (e.g., the third scanning apparatus 43) and the deploying apparatus 80, so that the additional stocker 74 is connected to the last scanning apparatus and the deploying apparatus 80.
Thus, the sorting unit 40d of the third scanning apparatus 43 may feed and store additional feedstock RM' into the additional stock apparatus 74.
Next, as shown in the following equation (11), the calculation unit 80a may calculate each additional raw material RM 'stored in the additional stock device 74'iOf (b) weight M'iThe summation is performed to obtain the total additional feed amount M ' of the additional raw material RM ' (i.e., the total weight of the additional raw material RM ' stored in the additional stock device 74).
M′＝∑M′i (11)
Then, the feeding unit 80bAdditional specified weights M 'may be provided from the additional holding equipment 74'dIs fed to the forming device 92; also, the forming apparatus 92 may make the additional feedstock RM 'fed into the forming apparatus 92 into an additional solid recycle fuel SRF'.
Similarly, a homogenizing device 60 may be provided before the additional storage device 74 to homogenize the additional feedstock RM 'to make the additional solid recycle fuel SRF' easier to shape and uniform in calorific value.
As described above, the calorific value estimation system according to the second embodiment of the present invention, except that each set of raw materials having a known calorific value can be made to have a specified weight M by estimation and blendingdAnd a specified calorific value QdThe additional raw material RM 'having a calorific value not falling within the above-mentioned group or having an unknown calorific value can be independently made into the additional solid recycle fuel SRF' through the additional storage facility 74, and since the calorific value thereof is unknown, it can be sold to downstream manufacturers having no specific demand for a calorific value, so that the raw material RM can be maximally utilized and the amount of burial of wastes can be minimized.
[ third embodiment ]
In correspondence with the calorific value estimation system of the first embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, a third embodiment of the present invention provides a calorific value estimation method of a solid recovered fuel, comprising: a shredding step S10, a screening step S20, a drying step S30, a scanning step S40, a homogenizing step S60, a storing step S70, a blending step S80, and a molding step S92. Hereinafter, each step in the calorific value estimation method of a solid recovered fuel according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail, wherein the same portions as those of the first embodiment will not be described again.
< shredding step S10, screening step S20 and drying step S30 >)
First, before the scanning step S40 is executed, it may be determined whether to execute the following steps according to the situation of the material RM, corresponding to the first embodiment: a shredding step S10 of shredding the material RM into small pieces; a screening step S20 of separating sand, magnetic metal, nonmagnetic metal, or glass in the raw material RM from the raw material RM; a drying step S30 of drying the raw material RM. The order of the above steps is not particularly limited as long as it is provided before the scanning step S40.
Specifically, the screening step S20 may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: a sand screening step, wherein sand in the raw material RM is separated; a magnetic metal screening step, wherein the magnetic metal in the raw material RM is separated; a non-magnetic metal screening step, wherein non-magnetic metals in the raw material RM are separated; and a glass screening step of separating the glass in the raw material RM.
< scanning step S40 >
After performing the shredding step S10, the screening step S20, and the drying step S30, respectively, the raw material RM is subjected to the related processes, in order to sense the heat value information of the components having fuel value in the raw material RM to estimate the heat value of the solid recovered fuel SRF, the scanning step S40 may be performed to sense the heat value of the raw material RM.
In the scanning step S40, the kind and weight of the raw material RM may be sensed, and the calorific value of the raw material RM may be converted according to the sensed kind of the raw material RM;
specifically, in the shredding step S10, the raw material RM may be shredded into a volume smaller than the single sensing range for the heating value and the weight in the scanning step S40, so that the heating value and the weight of each shredded raw material RM may be sensed separately in the scanning step S40.
In detail, in the scanning step S40, the near infrared spectrometer may be used to sense each fed raw material RMiNear infrared absorption spectrum to distinguish each raw material RMiAnd according to each piece of raw material RMiConversion of type of each raw material RMiHeat value Q ofi(ii) a And each piece of material RM can be sensed using a weight sensoriWeight M ofIn,i。
Specifically, in the scanning step S40, the database may be used to store the kind of the raw material (e.g., near infrared light absorption spectrum) and the corresponding information of the heat value for use in converting the heat value. And may use memory to store each sensed chunk of material RMiHeat value Q ofiWith weight MIn.iThe corresponding information of (2).
< homogenizing step S60 >
In order to make the solid recovery fuel SRF have a more uniform calorific value to improve the accuracy of the calorific value estimation method of the present invention, a homogenization step S60 may be further performed to homogenize the raw material RM before the stock step S70 (to be described later). In addition, since the raw material RM is homogenized before being stored, the storage volume of the raw material RM can be reduced to save the storage cost.
< storage step S70 >
After performing the scanning step S40 to sense the weight and calorific value information of the raw material RM and performing the homogenizing step S60 to homogenize the raw material RM, the storing step S70 may be performed to store the raw material RM and stir the stored raw material RM to uniformly mix the raw material RM.
Also, the trimmings may be directly stored (preferably, homogenization treatment may be performed first) unless the composition of the trimmings is complicated, and the weight and calorific value information of the stored trimmings is manually input into the memory, and the trimmings are made into the solid recycle fuel SRF together with the textile, ASR, and waste plastics that have passed through the shredding step S10, the screening step S20, the drying step S30, and the scanning step S40.
< preparing step S80 and Forming step S92 >
After the storing step S70 is performed to store and stir the raw material RM, the blending step S80 and the molding step S92 may be performed to make the raw material RM into the solid reclaimed fuel SRF.
The blending step S80 may include a calculating step S81 and a feeding step S82.
In the calculating step S81, first, as shown in the above equation (1), the raw material RM of each block sensed by the scanning step S40 is scannediWeight M ofIn.iAdding to obtain the total feed quantity M of the raw material RMIn。
Next, as shown in the above formula (2), the raw material RM of each block sensed by the scanning step S40 is scannediHeat value Q ofi(kcal/kg) and weight MIn.i(kg) are multiplied separately and added up to give the starting material RMGross calorific value ∑ (Q)i·MIn,i) (i.e., the total heating value, kcal, of the raw material RM stored in the stock step S70). Then, the gross calorific value Σ (Q) of the feedstock RM is determinedi·MIn,i) Divided by the total charge M of the starting material RMInTo calculate the average calorific value Q (kcal/kg) of the raw material RM stored in the stock step S70.
Then, in the feeding step S82, the specified weight M may be setdThe raw material RM of (a) is fed into the molding apparatus; also, in the molding step S92, the raw material RM fed into the molding apparatus may be made into the solid recycle fuel SRF.
As described above, by the calorific value estimation method of the third embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to manufacture the solid recycle fuel SRF having a known calorific value (average calorific value Q), and since its calorific value information is known, it is possible to promote the purchase intention of the customer and to promote the grasping degree of the combustion effect.
[ fourth embodiment ]
In correspondence with the calorific value estimation system of the second embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, a fourth embodiment of the present invention provides a calorific value estimation method of a solid recovered fuel, comprising: a shredding step S10, a screening step S20, a drying step S30, a scanning step S40, a grouping step S50, a homogenizing step S60, a storing step S70, a blending step S80, a mixing step S91, and a molding step S92. Hereinafter, each step in the calorific value estimation method of a solid recovered fuel according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail, wherein the same portions as those of the second and third embodiments of the present invention will not be described again.
< scanning step S40 and grouping step S50 >)
In the fourth embodiment, the shredding step S10, the screening step S20, and the drying step S30, which are the same as those of the third embodiment, may be performed before the scanning step S40 (to be described later) is performed.
Also, in order to estimate and adjust the calorific value of the solid recovery fuel SRF, the scanning step S40 may be performed to perform calorific value sensing on the raw material RM previously subjected to shredding, screening, or drying processing; then, the grouping step S50 may be performed to further group the feedstock RM according to the sensed thermal value.
In the scanning step S40, the kind and weight of the raw material RM are sensed, and the calorific value of the raw material RM is converted in accordance with the sensed kind of the raw material RM.
Specifically, each raw material fed can be sensed using a near infrared spectrometer (RM 1)i、RM2iAnd RM3i) To discriminate the kind of each raw material, and to convert the calorific value (Q) of each raw material based on the kind of each raw material1,i、Q2,iOr Q3,i) (ii) a And the weight (M) of each raw material can be sensed by using a weight sensor1,i、M2,iAnd M3,i)。
Also, the library unit may be used to store the kind of the raw material (e.g., near infrared light absorption spectrum) and the corresponding information of the calorific value for use in converting the calorific value. And the corresponding information ((M) of the weight and the heat value of each raw material can be stored by using a memory1,i，Q1,)、(M2,i，Q2,i) And (M)3,i，Q3,i))。
In the grouping step S50, each of the raw materials is divided into a plurality of groups corresponding to a plurality of predetermined heat value ranges in accordance with the converted heat value of each of the raw materials and the plurality of predetermined heat value ranges in the scanning step S40, and the additional raw material RM' having a heat value not corresponding to the plurality of predetermined heat value ranges is separated.
Specifically, the plurality of predetermined heat value ranges may include a first heat value range, a second heat value range, and a third heat value range; the plurality of groups may include a first group G1, a second group G2, and a third group G3 corresponding to the first, second, and third thermal value ranges, respectively.
In the grouping step S50, the raw material RM is classified into a first raw material RM1, a second raw material RM2 and a third raw material RM3, corresponding to a first group G1, a second group G2 and a third group G3, respectively, according to the above-described predetermined heating value range. The calorific values of the first, second and third raw materials RM1, RM2 and RM3 correspond to the first calorific value range (for example 3000 to 4000kcal/kg, for example 3000kcal/kg, 3200kcal/kg, 3400kcal/kg, 3600kcal/kg, 3800kcal/kg, 4000kcal/kg), the second calorific value range (for example 4000 to 5000kcal/kg, for example 4000kcal/kg, 4200kcal/kg, 4400kcal/kg, 4600kcal/kg, 4800kcal/kg, 5000kcal/kg) and the third calorific value range (for example 5000 to 6000kcal/kg, for example 5000kcal/kg, 5200kcal/kg, 5400kcal/kg, 5600kcal/kg, 5800kcal/kg, 6000kcal/kg, respectively).
Also, in the grouping step S50, the additional raw material RM' having a heating value not corresponding to the above-described predetermined heating value range is separated.
< storage step S70 >
After performing the scanning step S40 and the grouping step S50 to group the raw materials RM according to a plurality of predetermined heating value ranges, the stock step S70 may be performed to store a plurality of groups of raw materials RM, respectively.
Also, in order to make the solid recovered fuel SRF have a more uniform calorific value to improve the accuracy of the calorific value estimation method of the present invention, a homogenization step S60 may be further performed to homogenize the raw material RM before the stock step S70 (to be described later).
In the stock step S70, the plural groups of raw materials RM are stored separately, and the stored raw materials RM are stirred separately.
Also, unless the composition of the trimmings is complicated, the trimmings may be directly stored in groups according to their calorific values (preferably, homogenization treatment may be performed first), and the weight and calorific value information of the stored trimmings is manually input into a memory, and the trimmings are made into the solid recycle fuel SRF together with the textile, ASR, and waste plastics that have passed through the shredding step S10, the screening step S20, the drying step S30, and the scanning step S40.
< preparing step S80, mixing step S91 and shaping step S92 >
After the raw materials RM are grouped and stored separately, the blending step S80, the mixing step S91, and the molding step S92 may be performed to make the raw materials RM into the solid reclaimed fuel SRF.
A detailed flowchart of the heat value estimation system of the invention is shown in fig. 7.
The blending step S80 includes a calculating step S81 and a feeding step S82.
In the calculation step S81, first, as shown in the above equations (3) to (5), for the first raw material RM1 of the first group G1, each piece of the first raw material RM1iWeight M of1,iThe total charge M of the first starting material RM1 of the first group G1 is obtained1. Also, the total feed M of the second starting material RM2 of the second group G2 was calculated in the same manner2And a third starting material RM3 of a third group G33。
Next, as shown in the above formulas (6) to (8), for the first starting material RM1 of the first group G1, for each first starting material RM1iHeat value Q of1,i(kcal/kg) and weight M1.i(kg) are multiplied together separately and summed up to obtain the gross calorific value Σ (Q) of the first feedstock RM1,i·M1,i) (kcal); then, the gross heating value Σ (Q) of the first raw material RM11,i·M1,i) Divided by the total feed quantity M of the first starting material RM11To calculate the average heating value Q of the stored first feedstock RM1 of the first group G11(kcal/kg). Also, the gross heating value Σ (Q) of the second feedstock RM2 of the second group G2 was calculated similarly2,i·M2,i) And average calorific value Q2And the gross heating value Σ (Q) of the third feedstock RM3 of the third group G33,i·M3,i) And average calorific value Q3。
Finally, according to the specified heat value QdAnd a specified weight MdAnd calculating the stored feeding amounts of the plurality of groups of raw materials RM respectively.
Specifically, as shown in the above equations (9) and (10), the coincidence specified calorific value Q is calculated according to the same principle as the second embodimentdAnd a specified weight MdThe feeding amounts of the first raw material RM1, the second raw material RM2 and the third raw material RM3 are respectively the feeding amounts MO,1、MO,2And MO,3。
Next, in the feeding step S82, according to the calculated feeding amount MO,1、MO,2、MO,3A first feedstock RM1 of a first group G1, a second feedstock RM2 of a second group G2 and a third feedstock RM3 of a third group G3 are fed to a mixing apparatus, respectively.
In the mixing step S91, the first material RM1, the second material RM2 and the third material RM3 fed into the mixing apparatus are mixed uniformly; and, in the molding step S92, the mixed first raw material RM1, second raw material RM2 and third raw material RM3 are made into a solid recovered fuel SRF.
As described above, the calorific value estimation method according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention can estimate and formulate the calorific value of M having a specified weight by further grouping the raw materials according to the calorific valuesdAnd a specified calorific value QdThe solid recovery fuel SRF can be customized according to the heat value requirement of a customer on the solid recovery fuel, so that the use willingness and the selling price of the product are improved
< extra solid recycle Fuel SRF' >)
In addition, in the fourth embodiment, the separated additional raw material RM' may be further stored in the stock step S70. Likewise, the additional material RM 'may also be homogenized before storing the additional material RM'.
Next, as shown in the above formula (11), in the calculating step S81, each additional raw material RM 'stored in the stock step S70 may be added'iOf (b) weight M'iThe addition is carried out to obtain the total additional charge M 'of additional starting material RM'.
Then, in feed step S82, a specified weight M 'may be added'dIs fed to the forming apparatus; also, in the molding step S92, the additional raw material RM 'fed into the molding apparatus is made into the additional solid recycle fuel SRF'.
As described above, by the calorific value estimation method of the fourth embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to make each set of raw materials having a known calorific value to have a specified weight M by estimation and blendingdAnd a specified calorific value QdThe additional raw material RM 'having a calorific value not falling within the above-mentioned group or having an unknown calorific value can be independently manufactured into the additional solid recycle fuel SRF' and sold to downstream manufacturers having no specific demand for a calorific value because the calorific value thereof is unknown, so that the raw material RM can be maximally utilized and the calorific value thereof can be minimizedAmount of landfill of waste.
In summary, in the first and third embodiments of the present invention, the solid recycle fuel SRF having the known calorific value Q can be manufactured, so that the customer's grasp of the combustion effect of the solid recycle fuel and the purchase intention can be improved.
Also, preferably, as shown in fig. 6, in the second and fourth embodiments of the present invention, raw materials consisting of textile, ASR, waste plastics and leftovers, in which non-combustible components are separated via a screening apparatus/step; then, dividing combustible substances in the raw materials into groups with different heat value ranges through scanning equipment/steps and grouping steps and storing the groups respectively; then, according to the fuel calorific value specified by a customer, calculating the respective feeding amounts of the raw materials with different calorific value ranges through allocation equipment/steps; finally, the previously blended and fed raw materials are made into a solid recovered fuel by a forming device/step so that the calorific value of the solid recovered fuel meets the requirements of customers.
In addition, the additional raw material separated by the scanning device/step and the grouping step, although the calorific value does not correspond to the calorific value range, can be independently manufactured into additional solid recovery fuel, and since the calorific value is unknown, can be sold to downstream manufacturers having no specific requirement for the calorific value, so that the raw material can be maximally utilized and the landfill amount of waste can be minimized
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting thereof, since any modification and variation of the present invention disclosed herein may be made within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A heating value estimation system for a solid recovery fuel, comprising:
the scanning device comprises a feeding unit, a heat value sensing unit and a weight sensing unit,
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the feeding unit feeds at least one raw material into the scanning equipment;
the heating value sensing unit senses the kind of the raw material and converts the heating value of the raw material according to the kind of the raw material; and is
The weight sensing unit senses the weight of the raw material;
the storage device is arranged behind the scanning device and connected with the scanning device, stores the raw materials from the scanning device, and is provided with a stirring unit, wherein the stirring unit stirs the raw materials;
a preparing device which is arranged behind the storing device, is connected with the scanning device and comprises a calculating unit and a feeding unit; and
a forming device arranged behind the preparing device and connected with the preparing device;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the calculating unit calculates the total feeding amount and the average heat value of the raw materials according to the heat value and the weight of the raw materials;
the feeding unit feeds a specified weight of the raw material from the stock facility to the molding apparatus; and is
The forming apparatus forms the feedstock fed thereto into a solid recovered fuel.
2. A heating value estimation system for a solid recovery fuel, comprising:
a plurality of scanning apparatuses as claimed in claim 1, each of which is serially connected in series and further comprising a sorting unit;
a plurality of the stocker devices according to claim 1, respectively disposed behind and connected to the plurality of scanning devices, respectively;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the sorting unit of each of the plurality of serially connected scanning apparatuses feeds the raw material having a heat value corresponding to a predetermined heat value range thereof into the stock facility connected thereto and stores it,
the sorting unit of each of the plurality of serially connected scanning apparatuses feeds the raw material having a heat value not corresponding to its predetermined heat value range into the scanning apparatus serially connected therebehind, and
the sorting unit of the last of the plurality of serially connected scanning devices separating additional feedstock having a thermal value that does not correspond to its predetermined thermal value range;
a preparing device which is arranged behind the plurality of storing devices, is connected with each of the plurality of scanning devices, and comprises a calculating unit and a feeding unit;
a mixing device disposed after the dispensing device and connected thereto; and
a forming device disposed after the mixing device and connected thereto;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the calculation unit is used for calculating the raw material stored in each storage device:
calculating the total feeding amount and the average heat value of the raw materials respectively according to the heat value and the weight of the raw materials; and is
Calculating the feeding amount of each raw material stored in the plurality of storage devices according to a specified heat value, a specified weight, the total feeding amount and the average heat value;
the feeding unit feeds the raw materials from the plurality of stock facilities into the mixing facility according to the feeding amounts of the raw materials;
the mixing device mixes the raw materials fed therein and feeds the mixed raw materials into the forming device; and is
The forming apparatus forms the feedstock fed thereto into a solid recovered fuel.
3. The heat value estimation system of claim 2, wherein,
the plurality of scanning devices comprise a first scanning device, a second scanning device and a third scanning device which are sequentially connected in series, and the preset heat value ranges of the first scanning device, the second scanning device and the third scanning device are a first heat value range, a second heat value range and a third heat value range respectively; and is
The plurality of stock devices include a first stock device, a second stock device and a third stock device, which are respectively and correspondingly connected to the first scanning device, the second scanning device and the third scanning device, and respectively store a first raw material, a second raw material and a third raw material, of which heat values respectively correspond to the first heat value range, the second heat value range and the third heat value range; and
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the first calorific value range is 3000-4000 kcal/kg;
the second calorific value range is 4000-5000 kcal/kg; and is
The third calorific value range is 5000-6000 kcal/kg.
4. The heat value estimation system of claim 2, further comprising:
an additional storage device disposed between and connected to the final one of the plurality of serially connected scanning devices and the preparing device, wherein
The sorting unit of the last of the plurality of serially connected scanning devices feeds the additional raw material into the additional holding device and stores the additional raw material;
the calculating unit sums the weight of the additional raw materials stored in the additional storage equipment to obtain the total additional feeding amount of the additional raw materials;
the feeding unit feeds an additional specified weight of the additional raw material from the additional stock facility to the molding facility; and is
The forming apparatus forms an additional solid recycle fuel from the additional feedstock fed thereto.
5. The thermal value estimation system of any of claims 2 to 4, further comprising at least one of:
a shredding device disposed before a first of the plurality of serially connected scanning devices to shred the raw material into small pieces;
a screening device disposed before a first one of the plurality of serially connected scanning devices to separate sand, magnetic metal, non-magnetic metal or glass in the raw material from the raw material;
a drying device disposed before a first of the plurality of serially connected scanning devices to dry the feedstock; and
at least one homogenizing device, which is arranged before at least one of the plurality of storing devices and homogenizes the raw materials.
6. A method of estimating a heating value of a solid recovered fuel, comprising:
a scanning step of sensing the kind and weight of at least one raw material and converting the calorific value of the raw material according to the kind of the raw material;
a material storage step of storing the raw materials and stirring the raw materials;
a blending step, comprising a calculating step and a feeding step,
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
in the calculating step, the total feeding amount and the average calorific value of the raw materials are calculated according to the calorific value and the weight of the raw materials; and is
In the feeding step, a prescribed weight of the raw material is fed into a molding apparatus; and
a shaping step of making the raw material fed into the shaping apparatus into a solid recovered fuel.
7. A method of estimating a heating value of a solid recovered fuel, comprising:
a scanning step of sensing the kind and weight of the raw material and converting the calorific value of the raw material according to the kind of the raw material;
a grouping step of dividing the raw material into a plurality of groups corresponding to a plurality of predetermined calorific value ranges according to the calorific value of the raw material and the plurality of predetermined calorific value ranges, and separating additional raw materials having calorific values not corresponding to the plurality of predetermined calorific value ranges;
a material storage step of respectively storing the raw materials of the groups and stirring the raw materials;
a blending step, comprising a calculating step and a feeding step,
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
in the calculating step, for each of the plurality of groups:
calculating the total feeding amount and the average heat value of the raw materials respectively according to the heat value and the weight of the raw materials; and is
Calculating the feeding amount of each raw material of the groups according to a specified heat value, a specified weight, the total feeding amount and the average heat value; and is
In the feeding step, the raw materials of the plurality of groups are respectively fed into a mixing device according to the feeding amount of the raw materials;
a mixing step of mixing the raw materials fed into the mixing apparatus; and
and a molding step, wherein the raw material is prepared into a solid recovered fuel.
8. The heat value estimation method according to claim 7, wherein,
in the step of grouping,
the plurality of predetermined heat value ranges includes a first heat value range, a second heat value range, and a third heat value range;
the plurality of groups includes a first group, a second group, and a third group corresponding to the first thermal value range, the second thermal value range, and the third thermal value range, respectively;
the raw materials are divided into a first raw material, a second raw material and a third raw material, which respectively correspond to the first group, the second group and the third group; and is
The heating values of the first feedstock, the second feedstock, and the third feedstock correspond to the first heating value range, the second heating value range, and the third heating value range, respectively;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the first calorific value range is 3000-4000 kcal/kg;
the second calorific value range is 4000-5000 kcal/kg; and is
The third calorific value range is 5000-6000 kcal/kg.
9. The heat value estimation method according to claim 7, wherein,
in the stockpiling step, the additional raw material is further stored;
in the calculating step, the weight of the additional raw materials stored in the storing step is added to obtain the total additional feeding amount of the additional raw materials;
in the feeding step, an additional specified weight of the additional raw material is fed into the molding apparatus; and is
In the forming step, the additional feedstock fed to the forming apparatus is made into an additional solid recycle fuel.
10. The heating value estimation method of any one of claims 6 to 9, further comprising at least one of:
a shredding step of shredding the raw material into small pieces before the scanning step;
a screening step of separating sand, magnetic metal, non-magnetic metal or glass in the raw material from the raw material before the scanning step;
a drying step of drying the raw material before the scanning step; and
a homogenization step of homogenizing the raw material before the stock step.
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| TW202211100A (en) | 2022-03-16 |
| TWI805987B (en) | 2023-06-21 |
| TW202139087A (en) | 2021-10-16 |
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