RU2012106137A - METHOD FOR CLEANING MULTI-PHASE HYDROCARBON FLOW AND PURPOSE FOR THIS INSTALLATION - Google Patents

METHOD FOR CLEANING MULTI-PHASE HYDROCARBON FLOW AND PURPOSE FOR THIS INSTALLATION Download PDF

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RU2012106137A
RU2012106137A RU2012106137/06A RU2012106137A RU2012106137A RU 2012106137 A RU2012106137 A RU 2012106137A RU 2012106137/06 A RU2012106137/06 A RU 2012106137/06A RU 2012106137 A RU2012106137 A RU 2012106137A RU 2012106137 A RU2012106137 A RU 2012106137A
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stream
hydrocarbon
separator
gas
pressure
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RU2012106137/06A
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Russian (ru)
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RU2554736C2 (en
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Александра Теодора АНХЕЛЬ
Марко Дик Ягер
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Шелл Интернэшнл Рисерч Маатсхаппий Б.В.
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0204—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the feed stream
    • F25J3/0209—Natural gas or substitute natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0042—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by liquid expansion with extraction of work
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0228—Coupling of the liquefaction unit to other units or processes, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J1/0229—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock
    • F25J1/023—Integration with a unit for using hydrocarbons, e.g. consuming hydrocarbons as feed stock for the combustion as fuels, i.e. integration with the fuel gas system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
    • F25J1/0264—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
    • F25J3/0233—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of CnHm with 1 carbon atom or more
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
    • F25J3/0257—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/02—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification in a single pressure main column system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/40—Features relating to the provision of boil-up in the bottom of a column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/70—Refluxing the column with a condensed part of the feed stream, i.e. fractionator top is stripped or self-rectified
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/74—Refluxing the column with at least a part of the partially condensed overhead gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/02—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/06—Splitting of the feed stream, e.g. for treating or cooling in different ways
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/04—Recovery of liquid products
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/60—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams the fluid being hydrocarbons or a mixture of hydrocarbons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/30—Dynamic liquid or hydraulic expansion with extraction of work, e.g. single phase or two-phase turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/02—Recycle of a stream in general, e.g. a by-pass stream
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    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/90—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being boil-off gas from storage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J2260/00—Coupling of processes or apparatus to other units; Integrated schemes
    • F25J2260/60—Integration in an installation using hydrocarbons, e.g. for fuel purposes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Abstract

1. Способ очистки многофазного углеводородного потока с образованием очищенного жидкого углеводородного потока, где способ содержит по меньшей мере следующие стадии:- создание многофазного углеводородного потока из природного газа, причем этот многофазный углеводородный поток содержит паровую фазу и жидкую фазу;- подача многофазного углеводородного потока в первый газожидкостной сепаратор;- разделение многофазного углеводородного потока в первом газожидкостном сепараторе при первом давлении с образованием углеводородного парового потока первого сепаратора, содержащего углеводороды и азот, и нижнего потока первого сепаратора;- разделение нижнего потока первого сепаратора во втором газожидкостном сепараторе при втором давлении с образованием углеводородного парового потока второго сепаратора и очищенного жидкого углеводородного потока в виде сжиженного природного газа (СПГ), причем второе давление ниже первого давления;- сжатие углеводородного парового потока второго сепаратора в компрессоре для верхнего потока с образованием отпаривающего парового потока; и- подача отпаривающего парового потока в первый газожидкостной сепаратор на уровне по вертикали ниже уровня, на котором в первый газожидкостной сепаратор вводится многофазный углеводородный поток.2. Способ по п.1, в котором указанное сжатие углеводородного парового потока второго сепаратора с помощью компрессора верхнего потока дает отпаривающий паровой поток при третьем давлении, которое равно или выше первого давления.3. Способ по п.1, дополнительно содержащий:- извлечение потока топливного газа низкого давления (НД) из углеводородного �1. A method for purifying a multiphase hydrocarbon stream to form a purified liquid hydrocarbon stream, wherein the method comprises at least the following steps: creating a multiphase hydrocarbon stream from natural gas, the multiphase hydrocarbon stream comprising a vapor phase and a liquid phase; supplying a multiphase hydrocarbon stream to the first gas-liquid separator; - separation of the multiphase hydrocarbon stream in the first gas-liquid separator at the first pressure with the formation of a hydrocarbon vapor a stream of a first separator containing hydrocarbons and nitrogen and a bottom stream of a first separator; separating a bottom stream of a first separator in a second gas-liquid separator at a second pressure to form a hydrocarbon vapor stream of a second separator and a purified liquid hydrocarbon stream in the form of liquefied natural gas (LNG), the second pressure is lower than the first pressure; - compression of the hydrocarbon vapor stream of the second separator in the compressor for the upper stream with the formation of a steaming steam stream; and - supplying the stripping steam stream to the first gas-liquid separator at a vertical level below the level at which a multiphase hydrocarbon stream is introduced into the first gas-liquid separator. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein said compression of the hydrocarbon vapor stream of the second separator using an overhead compressor yields a stripping vapor stream at a third pressure that is equal to or higher than the first pressure. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: - extracting a stream of fuel gas of low pressure (LP) from hydrocarbon

Claims (17)

1. Способ очистки многофазного углеводородного потока с образованием очищенного жидкого углеводородного потока, где способ содержит по меньшей мере следующие стадии:1. A method for purifying a multiphase hydrocarbon stream to form a purified liquid hydrocarbon stream, wherein the method comprises at least the following steps: - создание многофазного углеводородного потока из природного газа, причем этот многофазный углеводородный поток содержит паровую фазу и жидкую фазу;- the creation of a multiphase hydrocarbon stream from natural gas, and this multiphase hydrocarbon stream contains a vapor phase and a liquid phase; - подача многофазного углеводородного потока в первый газожидкостной сепаратор;- supply of a multiphase hydrocarbon stream to the first gas-liquid separator; - разделение многофазного углеводородного потока в первом газожидкостном сепараторе при первом давлении с образованием углеводородного парового потока первого сепаратора, содержащего углеводороды и азот, и нижнего потока первого сепаратора;- separation of the multiphase hydrocarbon stream in the first gas-liquid separator at the first pressure with the formation of the hydrocarbon vapor stream of the first separator containing hydrocarbons and nitrogen, and the lower stream of the first separator; - разделение нижнего потока первого сепаратора во втором газожидкостном сепараторе при втором давлении с образованием углеводородного парового потока второго сепаратора и очищенного жидкого углеводородного потока в виде сжиженного природного газа (СПГ), причем второе давление ниже первого давления;- separation of the lower stream of the first separator in the second gas-liquid separator at the second pressure with the formation of a hydrocarbon vapor stream of the second separator and the purified liquid hydrocarbon stream in the form of liquefied natural gas (LNG), the second pressure being lower than the first pressure; - сжатие углеводородного парового потока второго сепаратора в компрессоре для верхнего потока с образованием отпаривающего парового потока; и- compression of the hydrocarbon vapor stream of the second separator in the compressor for the upper stream with the formation of a steaming steam stream; and - подача отпаривающего парового потока в первый газожидкостной сепаратор на уровне по вертикали ниже уровня, на котором в первый газожидкостной сепаратор вводится многофазный углеводородный поток.- supplying the stripping steam stream to the first gas-liquid separator at a vertical level below the level at which a multiphase hydrocarbon stream is introduced into the first gas-liquid separator. 2. Способ по п.1, в котором указанное сжатие углеводородного парового потока второго сепаратора с помощью компрессора верхнего потока дает отпаривающий паровой поток при третьем давлении, которое равно или выше первого давления.2. The method according to claim 1, wherein said compression of the hydrocarbon vapor stream of the second separator using an overhead compressor yields a stripping vapor stream at a third pressure that is equal to or higher than the first pressure. 3. Способ по п.1, дополнительно содержащий:3. The method according to claim 1, additionally containing: - извлечение потока топливного газа низкого давления (НД) из углеводородного парового потока первого сепаратора; и- extracting the low pressure fuel gas stream (LP) from the hydrocarbon vapor stream of the first separator; and - подачу потока топливного газа низкого давления в сжигающее устройство при давлении топливного газа, не превышающем давление углеводородного парового потока первого сепаратора.- the flow of low pressure fuel gas to the combustion device at a fuel gas pressure not exceeding the pressure of the hydrocarbon vapor stream of the first separator. 4. Способ по п.3, в котором первое давление первого газожидкостного сепаратора равно или выше давления топливного газа и ни углеводородный паровой поток первого сепаратора, ни поток топливного газа низкого давления не подвергаются сжатию перед использованием в сжигательном устройстве.4. The method according to claim 3, in which the first pressure of the first gas-liquid separator is equal to or higher than the fuel gas pressure and neither the hydrocarbon vapor stream of the first separator nor the low pressure fuel gas stream are compressed before being used in the combustion device. 5. Способ по п.3, в котором сжигательным устройством является сжигательное устройство, выбранное из группы, состоящей из печи, котла и двухтопливного дизельного двигателя.5. The method according to claim 3, in which the combustion device is a combustion device selected from the group consisting of a furnace, a boiler and a dual-fuel diesel engine. 6. Способ по п.3, в котором стадия извлечения потока топливного газа низкого давления из углеводородного парового потока первого сепаратора содержит следующую стадию:6. The method according to claim 3, in which the stage of extraction of the fuel gas stream of low pressure from the hydrocarbon vapor stream of the first separator comprises the following stage: - нагрев углеводородного парового потока первого сепаратора нагревающим потоком теплообменника топливного газа с образованием потока топливного газа низкого давления и охлажденного нагревающего потока.- heating the hydrocarbon vapor stream of the first separator by a heating stream of a fuel gas heat exchanger to form a low pressure fuel gas stream and a cooled heating stream. 7. Способ по п.6, в котором стадия получения многофазного углеводородного потока из указанного природного газа содержит:7. The method according to claim 6, in which the stage of obtaining a multiphase hydrocarbon stream from the specified natural gas contains: - охлаждение части природного газа в качестве указанного нагревающего потока в теплообменнике топливного газа углеводородным паровьм потоком первого сепаратора, в результате чего образуется указанный охлажденный нагревающий поток в виде охлажденного технологического потока.- cooling a portion of the natural gas as said heating stream in a fuel gas heat exchanger with a hydrocarbon vapor stream of a first separator, thereby forming said cooled heating stream in the form of a cooled process stream. 8. Способ по п.1, в котором углеводородный паровой поток первого сепаратора содержит от 30 до 95 мол.% азота и/или имеет давление в пределах от 2 до 15 бар (абс).8. The method according to claim 1, in which the hydrocarbon vapor stream of the first separator contains from 30 to 95 mol.% Nitrogen and / or has a pressure in the range from 2 to 15 bar (abs). 9. Способ по п.1, в котором очищенный жидкий углеводородный поток содержит менее 1 мол.% азота.9. The method according to claim 1, in which the purified liquid hydrocarbon stream contains less than 1 mol.% Nitrogen. 10. Способ по п.1, в котором операция получения многофазного углеводородного потока из указанного природного газа включает охлаждение и/или изменение давления природного газа.10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of producing a multiphase hydrocarbon stream from said natural gas comprises cooling and / or changing the pressure of the natural gas. 11. Способ по одному из предыдущих пунктов, в котором операция получения многофазного углеводородного потока из указанного природного газа включает:11. The method according to one of the preceding paragraphs, in which the operation of obtaining a multiphase hydrocarbon stream from the specified natural gas includes: - создание углеводородного сырьевого потока из потока природного газа при повышенном давлении;- the creation of a hydrocarbon feed stream from a natural gas stream at elevated pressure; - выделение продолжающегося углеводородного потока из потока углеводородного сырья;- separation of the ongoing hydrocarbon stream from the hydrocarbon stream; - подачу продолжающегося потока в секцию охлаждения и сжижения, где он охлаждается и по крайней мере частично сжижается, в результате чего образуется по крайней мере частично сжиженный углеводородный поток;- supplying an ongoing stream to the cooling and liquefaction section, where it is cooled and at least partially liquefied, resulting in at least partially liquefied hydrocarbon stream; - подачу по крайней мере частично сжиженного углеводородного потока на вход по крайней мере одного устройства для расширения углеводородного потока и снижения там давления по крайней мере частично сжиженного углеводородного потока, в результате чего получают многофазный углеводородный поток.- supplying at least a partially liquefied hydrocarbon stream to the inlet of at least one device for expanding the hydrocarbon stream and reducing there the pressure of at least a partially liquefied hydrocarbon stream, resulting in a multiphase hydrocarbon stream. 12. Способ по п.11, дополнительно включает операцию разделения потока углеводородного сырья на поток топливного газа высокого давления и указанный выше продолжающийся углеводородный поток, причем поток топливного газа высокого давления имеет одну или обе из следующих характеристик: содержание азота ниже 15 мол.% и давление выше 15 бар (абс).12. The method according to claim 11, further comprises the step of separating the hydrocarbon feed stream into a high pressure fuel gas stream and the above continuing hydrocarbon stream, wherein the high pressure fuel gas stream has one or both of the following characteristics: nitrogen content below 15 mol% and pressure above 15 bar (abs). 13. Установка для очистки многофазного углеводородного потока, содержащего жидкую фазу и паровую фазу для обеспечения очищенного жидкого углеводородного потока в виде сжиженного природного газа (СПГ), где установка содержит по меньшей мере:13. Installation for cleaning a multiphase hydrocarbon stream containing a liquid phase and a vapor phase to provide a purified liquid hydrocarbon stream in the form of liquefied natural gas (LNG), where the installation contains at least: - средство для создания многофазного углеводородного потока из природного газа, которое содержит по меньшей мере одну секцию сжижения и одно или более устройств для расширения углеводородного потока;- means for creating a multiphase hydrocarbon stream from natural gas, which contains at least one liquefaction section and one or more devices for expanding the hydrocarbon stream; - первый газожидкостной сепаратор, предназначенный для приема многофазного углеводородного потока и разделения его на углеводородный паровой поток первого сепаратора, содержащий углеводороды и азот, и нижний поток первого сепаратора, причем указанный первый газожидкостной сепаратор имеет первый вход для подачи многофазного углеводородного потока в первый газожидкостной сепаратор, первый выход для вывода углеводородного парового потока первого сепаратора из первого газожидкостного сепаратора, второй выход для вывода нижнего потока первого сепаратора из первого газожидкостного сепаратора, второй вход, расположенный на уровне по вертикали более низком по сравнению с уровнем указанного первого входа, для подачи отпаривающего парового потока в первый газожидкостной сепаратор;a first gas-liquid separator for receiving a multiphase hydrocarbon stream and separating it into a hydrocarbon vapor stream of a first separator containing hydrocarbons and nitrogen, and a lower stream of a first separator, said first gas-liquid separator having a first inlet for supplying a multiphase hydrocarbon stream to a first gas-liquid separator, a first outlet for outputting a hydrocarbon steam stream of a first separator from a first gas-liquid separator, a second exit for outputting a lower stream a first separator from the first gas-liquid separator, a second inlet located vertically lower than the level of said first inlet, for supplying a stripping steam stream to the first gas-liquid separator; - второй газожидкостной сепаратор, предназначенный для приема нижнего потока первого сепаратора и разделения его на углеводородный паровой поток второго сепаратора и очищенный жидкий углеводородный поток в виде СПГ, причем указанный второй газожидкостной сепаратор имеет первый вход, сообщающийся по текучей среде со вторым выходом первого газожидкостного сепаратора, для подачи нижнего потока первого сепаратора во второй газожидкостной сепаратор, первый выход для вывода углеводородного парового потока второго сепаратора из второго газожидкостного сепаратора и второй выход для вывода очищенного жидкого углеводородного потока из второго газожидкостного сепаратора;- a second gas-liquid separator, designed to receive the lower stream of the first separator and separate it into a hydrocarbon vapor stream of the second separator and a purified liquid hydrocarbon stream in the form of LNG, and the specified second gas-liquid separator has a first inlet in fluid communication with the second outlet of the first gas-liquid separator, for supplying the lower stream of the first separator to the second gas-liquid separator, the first outlet for outputting the hydrocarbon steam stream of the second separator from the second g zozhidkostnogo separator and a second output for outputting purified liquid hydrocarbon stream from the second gas-liquid separator; - расширительное устройство для нижнего потока, размещенное между вторым выходом первого газожидкостного сепаратора и первым входом второго газожидкостного сепаратора, для понижения давления нижнего потока первого сепаратора; и- an expansion device for the lower stream, located between the second outlet of the first gas-liquid separator and the first inlet of the second gas-liquid separator, to reduce the pressure of the lower stream of the first separator; and - компрессор для верхнего потока, предназначенный для сжатия углеводородного парового потока второго сепаратора с образованием отпаривающего парового потока, при этом компрессор для верхнего потока имеет вход, сообщающийся по текучей среде с первым выходом второго газожидкостного сепаратора для приема углеводородного парового потока второго сепаратора, и выход, сообщающийся по текучей среде со вторым входом первого газожидкостного сепаратора для вывода отпаривающего парового потока.- an overhead compressor for compressing a hydrocarbon vapor stream of a second separator to form a steaming vapor stream, wherein the compressor for an upper stream has an inlet fluidly communicating with a first outlet of a second gas-liquid separator for receiving a hydrocarbon vapor stream of a second separator, and an output, communicating in fluid with the second inlet of the first gas-liquid separator for outputting the steaming steam stream. 14. Установка по п.13, где одно или более устройств для расширения углеводородных потоков соединены с секцией сжижения и расположенной после нее аппаратурой для расширения по крайней мере частично сжиженного углеводородного потока, отходящего из секции сжижения, в результате чего образуется многофазный углеводородный поток, причем указанные одно или более устройств для расширения углеводородных потоков имеют вход для приема по крайней мере частично сжиженного углеводородного потока и выход для отвода многофазного углеводородного потока, при этом указанный выход соединен с первым входом первого газожидкостного сепаратора.14. The installation according to item 13, where one or more devices for expanding hydrocarbon streams are connected to the liquefaction section and located after it equipment for expanding at least partially liquefied hydrocarbon stream leaving the liquefaction section, resulting in the formation of a multiphase hydrocarbon stream, and said one or more devices for expanding hydrocarbon streams have an inlet for receiving at least a partially liquefied hydrocarbon stream and an outlet for discharging a multiphase hydrocarbon stream and, said output being coupled to the first input of the first gas-liquid separator. 15. Установка по п.13, дополнительно включающая:15. The installation according to item 13, further comprising: - сжигательное устройство, работающее при давлении топливного газа не выше, чем давление углеводородного парового потока первого сепаратора, и конструкция которого позволяет принимать топливный газ низкого давления, отбираемый из углеводородного потока первого сепаратора.- a combustion device operating at a fuel gas pressure not higher than the pressure of the hydrocarbon vapor stream of the first separator, and the design of which allows receiving low pressure fuel gas taken from the hydrocarbon stream of the first separator. 16. Установка по п.15, в которой между первым выходом первого газожидкостного сепаратора и сжигательным устройством отсутствует компрессор.16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein there is no compressor between the first outlet of the first gas-liquid separator and the combustion device. 17. Установка по п.15 или 16, в которой сжигательным устройством является сжигательное устройство, выбранное из группы, состоящей из печи, котла и двухтопливного дизельного двигателя. 17. The plant of claim 15 or 16, wherein the combustion device is a combustion device selected from the group consisting of a furnace, a boiler, and a dual-fuel diesel engine.
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