RU2010101417A - DESIGN OF THE REBOILER OF THE DEASOTIC COLUMN - Google Patents

DESIGN OF THE REBOILER OF THE DEASOTIC COLUMN Download PDF

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RU2010101417A
RU2010101417A RU2010101417/06A RU2010101417A RU2010101417A RU 2010101417 A RU2010101417 A RU 2010101417A RU 2010101417/06 A RU2010101417/06 A RU 2010101417/06A RU 2010101417 A RU2010101417 A RU 2010101417A RU 2010101417 A RU2010101417 A RU 2010101417A
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stream
lng
volume
column
incoming
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RU2010101417/06A
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Russian (ru)
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Адам Адриан БРОСТОУ (US)
Адам Адриан БРОСТОУ
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Эр Продактс Энд Кемикалз, Инк. (Us)
Эр Продактс Энд Кемикалз, Инк.
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Publication of RU2010101417A publication Critical patent/RU2010101417A/en

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0228Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
    • F25J3/0233Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of CnHm with 1 carbon atom or more
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0204Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the feed stream
    • F25J3/0209Natural gas or substitute natural gas
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0228Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
    • F25J3/0257Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of nitrogen
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/02Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification in a single pressure main column system
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/40Features relating to the provision of boil-up in the bottom of a column
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/70Refluxing the column with a condensed part of the feed stream, i.e. fractionator top is stripped or self-rectified
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2215/00Processes characterised by the type or other details of the product stream
    • F25J2215/04Recovery of liquid products
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2235/00Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
    • F25J2235/60Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams the fluid being (a mixture of) hydrocarbons
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/30Dynamic liquid or hydraulic expansion with extraction of work, e.g. single phase or two-phase turbine
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/40Expansion without extracting work, i.e. isenthalpic throttling, e.g. JT valve, regulating valve or venturi, or isentropic nozzle, e.g. Laval
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/02Bath type boiler-condenser using thermo-siphon effect, e.g. with natural or forced circulation or pool boiling, i.e. core-in-kettle heat exchanger
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/02Internal refrigeration with liquid vaporising loop

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

1. Способ деазотирования поступающего потока сжиженного природного газа (СПГ), включающий: ! (а) увеличение объема поступающего потока (102) СПГ и охлаждение поступающего потока СПГ перед увеличением или после в теплообменнике (106) с образованием охлажденного и увеличенного в объеме потока (108) СПГ; ! (b) введение указанного охлажденного и увеличенного в объеме потока (108) СПГ в колонну деазотирования (150); ! (c) отвод обогащенного азотом верхнего потока пара (130) из указанной колонны (150); ! (d) отвод очищенного от азота потока донной жидкости (110) из указанной колонны (150); ! (e) подачу донного потока (110) со стадии (d) через насос (112) для увеличения его давления; ! (f) разделение донного потока (110) на первый поток (114) и второй поток (116); ! (g) по меньшей мере, частичное испарение указанного второго потока (116) путем снижения давления и затем подачу через указанный теплообменник (106); ! (h) впрыскивание указанного частично испаренного второго потока (120) в указанную колонну (150) для обеспечения в колонне (150) нагрузки по пару. ! 2. Способ по п.1, в котором поступающий поток (100) СПГ увеличивают в объеме изэнтропически (102). ! 3. Способ по п.1, в котором первый поток (114) собирают как продукт СПГ. ! 4. Способ по п.1, дополнительно включающий изэнтальпическое увеличение в объеме (109) охлажденного и увеличенного в объеме потока (108) СПГ перед введением указанного потока в колонну (150) деазотирования. ! 5. Способ по п.1, в котором увеличение в объеме (102) поступающего потока (100) СПГ осуществляют перед охлаждением (106) указанного потока. ! 6. Способ по п.1, в котором охлаждение (106) поступающего потока (100) СПГ осуществляют перед увеличением в объеме (102) указанного потока. ! 7. Сп 1. The method of de-nitriding the incoming stream of liquefied natural gas (LNG), including:! (a) increasing the volume of the incoming LNG stream (102) and cooling the incoming LNG stream before or after increasing in the heat exchanger (106) to form a cooled and increased in the volume of the LNG stream (108); ! (b) the introduction of the specified cooled and increased in the volume of the stream (108) LNG in the column of nitriding (150); ! (c) withdrawing a nitrogen-enriched top stream of steam (130) from said column (150); ! (d) withdrawing a nitrogen-free bottom fluid stream (110) from said column (150); ! (e) supplying a bottom stream (110) from step (d) through a pump (112) to increase its pressure; ! (f) dividing the bottom stream (110) into a first stream (114) and a second stream (116); ! (g) at least partially evaporating said second stream (116) by reducing the pressure and then supplying it through said heat exchanger (106); ! (h) injecting said partially vaporized second stream (120) into said column (150) to provide a vapor load to the column (150). ! 2. The method according to claim 1, in which the incoming stream (100) of LNG is increased isentropically in volume (102). ! 3. The method according to claim 1, in which the first stream (114) is collected as an LNG product. ! 4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising an isentalpic increase in the volume (109) of the cooled and increased in the volume of the stream (108) of LNG before the introduction of the specified stream in the column (150) of nitriding. ! 5. The method according to claim 1, in which the increase in volume (102) of the incoming stream (100) of LNG is carried out before cooling (106) of the specified stream. ! 6. The method according to claim 1, in which the cooling (106) of the incoming stream (100) of LNG is carried out before increasing the volume (102) of the specified stream. ! 7. Cn

Claims (16)

1. Способ деазотирования поступающего потока сжиженного природного газа (СПГ), включающий:1. The method of decontamination of the incoming stream of liquefied natural gas (LNG), including: (а) увеличение объема поступающего потока (102) СПГ и охлаждение поступающего потока СПГ перед увеличением или после в теплообменнике (106) с образованием охлажденного и увеличенного в объеме потока (108) СПГ;(a) increasing the volume of the incoming LNG stream (102) and cooling the incoming LNG stream before or after increasing in the heat exchanger (106) to form a cooled and increased in the volume of the LNG stream (108); (b) введение указанного охлажденного и увеличенного в объеме потока (108) СПГ в колонну деазотирования (150);(b) the introduction of the specified cooled and increased in the volume of the stream (108) LNG in the column of nitriding (150); (c) отвод обогащенного азотом верхнего потока пара (130) из указанной колонны (150);(c) withdrawing a nitrogen-enriched top stream of steam (130) from said column (150); (d) отвод очищенного от азота потока донной жидкости (110) из указанной колонны (150);(d) withdrawing a nitrogen-free bottom fluid stream (110) from said column (150); (e) подачу донного потока (110) со стадии (d) через насос (112) для увеличения его давления;(e) supplying a bottom stream (110) from step (d) through a pump (112) to increase its pressure; (f) разделение донного потока (110) на первый поток (114) и второй поток (116);(f) dividing the bottom stream (110) into a first stream (114) and a second stream (116); (g) по меньшей мере, частичное испарение указанного второго потока (116) путем снижения давления и затем подачу через указанный теплообменник (106);(g) at least partially evaporating said second stream (116) by reducing the pressure and then supplying it through said heat exchanger (106); (h) впрыскивание указанного частично испаренного второго потока (120) в указанную колонну (150) для обеспечения в колонне (150) нагрузки по пару.(h) injecting said partially vaporized second stream (120) into said column (150) to provide a vapor load to the column (150). 2. Способ по п.1, в котором поступающий поток (100) СПГ увеличивают в объеме изэнтропически (102).2. The method according to claim 1, in which the incoming stream (100) of LNG is increased isentropically in volume (102). 3. Способ по п.1, в котором первый поток (114) собирают как продукт СПГ.3. The method according to claim 1, in which the first stream (114) is collected as an LNG product. 4. Способ по п.1, дополнительно включающий изэнтальпическое увеличение в объеме (109) охлажденного и увеличенного в объеме потока (108) СПГ перед введением указанного потока в колонну (150) деазотирования.4. The method according to claim 1, further comprising an isentalpic increase in the volume (109) of the cooled and increased in the volume of the stream (108) of LNG before the introduction of the specified stream in the column (150) of nitriding. 5. Способ по п.1, в котором увеличение в объеме (102) поступающего потока (100) СПГ осуществляют перед охлаждением (106) указанного потока.5. The method according to claim 1, in which the increase in volume (102) of the incoming stream (100) of LNG is carried out before cooling (106) of the specified stream. 6. Способ по п.1, в котором охлаждение (106) поступающего потока (100) СПГ осуществляют перед увеличением в объеме (102) указанного потока.6. The method according to claim 1, in which the cooling (106) of the incoming stream (100) of LNG is carried out before increasing the volume (102) of the specified stream. 7. Способ по любому из пп.1-6, в котором расход второго потока составляет (116) приблизительно менее 20% расхода первого потока (114).7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, in which the flow rate of the second stream is (116) approximately less than 20% of the flow rate of the first stream (114). 8. Способ по п.1, в котором частично испаренный второй поток впрыскивают в колонну деазотирования (150) под самой нижней ступенью сепарации.8. The method according to claim 1, in which the partially vaporized second stream is injected into the de-nitration column (150) under the lowest separation stage. 9. Способ по п.1, в котором охлажденный и увеличенный в объеме поток СПГ (108) на стадии (b) вводят в верхнюю часть колонны деазотирования (150).9. The method according to claim 1, in which the cooled and increased volume of the LNG stream (108) in stage (b) is introduced into the upper part of the column of dezotization (150). 10. Устройство для деазотирования поступающего потока сжиженного природного газа (СПГ) способом по п.1, включающее:10. A device for de-nitriding an incoming stream of liquefied natural gas (LNG) by the method according to claim 1, including: расширитель (102) для увеличения в объеме поступающего потока СПГ;an expander (102) to increase the volume of the incoming LNG stream; теплообменник (106), расположенный перед или после указанного расширителя (102) для охлаждения поступающего потока СПГ (100);a heat exchanger (106) located before or after said expander (102) to cool the incoming LNG stream (100); колонну деазотирования (150) для разделения охлажденного и увеличенного в объеме потока СПГ на обогащенный азотом верхний поток пара (130) и очищенный от азота поток донной жидкости (110);a de-nitriding column (150) for separating a cooled and increased in volume LNG stream into a nitrogen-enriched upper vapor stream (130) and a nitrogen-free bottom liquid stream (110); насос (112) для увеличения давления, по меньшей мере, указанного донного потока (110);a pump (112) for increasing the pressure of at least said bottom stream (110); средство разделения донного потока (110) на первый поток (114) и второй поток (116);means for separating the bottom stream (110) into a first stream (114) and a second stream (116); средство снижения давления (117) для уменьшения давления второго потока (116);pressure reducing means (117) for decreasing the pressure of the second stream (116); трубопроводное средство (118) для пропускания второго потока (116) под пониженным давлением в теплообменник (106), по меньшей мере, с частичным его испарением; иpipeline means (118) for passing the second stream (116) under reduced pressure into the heat exchanger (106), at least partially evaporating it; and трубопроводное средство (120) для подачи частично испаренного второго потока в колонну деазотирования (150) для обеспечения нагрузки по пару.pipe means (120) for supplying a partially vaporized second stream to a de-nitriding column (150) to provide a steam load. 11. Устройство по п.10, в котором расширитель (102) представляет собой расширитель плотных текучих сред.11. The device according to claim 10, in which the expander (102) is a dense fluid expander. 12. Устройство по п.10, в котором средство снижения давления (117) представляет собой клапан Джоуля-Томсона.12. The device according to claim 10, in which the means of reducing pressure (117) is a Joule-Thomson valve. 13. Устройство по п.10, дополнительно включающее клапан (109) для расширения охлажденного и расширенного потока (108) СПГ перед введением его в колонну деазотирования (150).13. The device according to claim 10, further comprising a valve (109) for expanding the cooled and expanded stream (108) of LNG before introducing it into the de-nitration column (150). 14. Устройство по любому из пп.10-13, в котором расширитель (102) расположен сзади по ходу от теплообменника (106).14. The device according to any one of claims 10 to 13, in which the expander (102) is located downstream of the heat exchanger (106). 15. Устройство по любому из пп.10-13, в котором расширитель (102) расположен впереди по ходу от теплообменника (106).15. The device according to any one of claims 10 to 13, in which the expander (102) is located upstream of the heat exchanger (106). 16. Устройство по любому из пп.10-13, в котором теплообменник (106) представляет собой ребристый плитчатый теплообменник. 16. The device according to any one of claims 10 to 13, in which the heat exchanger (106) is a finned plate heat exchanger.
RU2010101417/06A 2007-06-19 2008-06-16 DESIGN OF THE REBOILER OF THE DEASOTIC COLUMN RU2010101417A (en)

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