RU2009599C1 - Magneto-generator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering. SUBSTANCE: electric machine windings are placed at clearly manifested poles of stator and they are divided for p modules so each of them contains Z₀/m separate windings. Z₀ is number of electric machine poles, m is phase number in one module. Windings connecting circuit is made so to provide specific winding polarity interchanging. EFFECT: better winding distribution in electric machine. 4 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to electric machines, namely to induction electric machines with a gear stator and a gear rotor.

 Known induction electric machines operating on the principle of electromagnetic reduction and containing a stator with distinct poles, which are made of radial teeth, a gear rotor. An excitation winding is installed on the stator, covering each pole tip of the stator, forming a magnetic flux of the opposite sign in the adjacent pole tip, and a multiphase AC winding.

 Closest to the proposed induction electric machine, consisting of a stator with distinct poles, each of which has an excitation coil and radial teeth, and a rotor with radial teeth. The pole coils are connected in series with the diodes so that in the coils located at adjacent poles, the electric currents flow in opposite directions, forming an alternating pole polarity along the entire stator bore.

 Coils located diametrically relative to each other at the poles and connected in series with one diode form a phase.

Common for the analogue and the prototype is a relatively low power factor and, accordingly, a large current consumed from the network due to its large inductive component. At the same time, the current consumed from the network in machines of this class varies little from idle to load. The explanation of these facts lies in the principle of operation of these machines and is determined by their operation in the mode of under-excitation, when the mains voltage is much higher than the EMF from the field of excitation. The gear stator, which is explicitly polarized with the number of poles Z _o, has a multiphase coil winding, each coil of which is located on one pole of the stator, a stator winding is connected to the converter, the stator and rotor are made with even and not equal to each other numbers of teeth, and each phase of the winding is made of counter-connected P coils placed with a shift by double pole division 2 τ, where
2 τ = Z _o / P, P is an even number.

 The proposed circuit for switching on the pole winding provides a different field distribution in the air gap than analogs and, as a result, an increase in the EMF from the field of excitation determined by the direct current of the coils, which in turn leads to an increase in the power factor consumed from the network and to a decrease in the current consumed from the network.

 In FIG. 1 shows a structural diagram of an engine; in FIG. 2 is a diagram of the inclusion of pole coils for a two-phase electric machine; in FIG. 3 is a diagram of the inclusion of pole coils for a three-phase electric machine; in FIG. 4 - performance provided by the proposed engine.

 The invention is illustrated by the following example.

Inductive electric machine contains a stator 1 with distinct poles 2 (Fig. 1). In the general case, radial teeth are made on the inner surface of the poles 2 (not shown in FIG. 1). The rotor 3 is made toothed without winding. At the poles 2 are coils 4, combined into a single-phase - two-phase winding (Fig. 2) and a single-phase-three-phase winding (Fig. 3), connected to a power source 5. The winding, made in the form of coils 4 with poles 2 placed at the poles of 2, is divided into P = 2 modules 6 and 7 (Fig. 1). In addition, each module contains m coils:
when m = 4, 4 coils in each module, where A ₁ B ₁ X ₁ Y ₁ are the pole coils of the first module and A ₂ B ₂ X ₂ Y ₂ are the pole coils of the second module (Fig. 2);
at m = 6, there are 6 coils in each module, where A ₁ Z ₁ B ₁ X ₁ C ₁ Y ₁ is the pole coil of the first module and A ₂ Z ₂ B ₂ X ₂ C ₂ Y ₂ is the pole coil of the second module (Fig. 3 )

Within each module, the polarity of adjacent poles is different, which is ensured by connecting the beginnings and ends of the coils 4 of the poles 2 with each other (Figs. 2 and 3) and with a power source 5. In FIG. 2, the power supply 5 provides for the flow along the coils 4 of the winding at the same time constant (constant component) i _- and alternating current (variable component) i _≈ .

Within each module, the coils alternate along the stator bore according to the law for m = 4 (Fig. 2)
A ₁ B ₁ X ₁ Y ₁ · A ₂ B ₂ X ₂ Y ₂ , for m = 6 (Fig. 3)
A ₁ Z ₁ B ₁ X ₁ C ₁ Y ₁ · A ₂ Z ₂ B ₂ X ₂ C ₂ Y ₂ .

Coils of the same name 4 modules 6, 7 are electrically combined (indicated in series) in groups
A ₁ c A ₂ ; X ₁ c X ₂ ; B ₁ c B ₂ ; Y _{1 with} Y ₂ for m = 4 (Fig. 2) and for m = 6, in addition, C ₁ c C ₂ and Z ₁ c Z ₂ (Fig. 3), forming an m-phase P = 2 pole alternating current winding . So, with m = 4, we have parallel-connected groups of coils A ₁ A ₂ with X ₁ X ₂ and B ₁ B ₂ with Y ₁ Y ₂ , and with m = 6, in addition, C ₁ C ₂ with Z ₁ Z ₂ .

The pole 4 coil, which is the beginning of module 7 - A ₂ , is switched on with direct current in relation to the first pole 4 coil of the previous module 6 - A ₁ , providing alternating pole polarity according to the law for m = 4 (Fig. 1, 2):
N (A ₁ ) SNS · S (A ₂ ) NSN, for m = 6 (Fig. 3)
N (A ₁ ) SNSNS · S (A ₂ ) NSNSN.

 The power source 5 can be performed on diodes 8 connected to an AC network.

 Induction electric machine operates as follows. The power source 5 (Fig. 2,3) ensures that the unipolar current i flows in half phases using switching electronic devices, for example, diodes connected to an alternating current network.

Unipolar current i contains a constant component flowing through the coils of 4 poles 2, forming the field of excitation of the inductor machine. The number of excitation poles 2 within each module 6, 7 is m, i.e., four at m = 4 (Fig. 1, 2) and six at m = 6 (Fig. 3). The connection diagram of the coils 4 within each module provides an alternation of the polarity of the poles 2. However, in the proposed device, each module 6 and 7 has its own law of alternating the polarity of the poles, namely, such that the initial pole coils of each module have a polarity:
the first module has the pole A ₁ north,
at the second module, pole A _{2 is} south.

As a result, the adjacent poles A ₁ Y ₂ are the north and Y ₁ A _{2 are} south, i.e., of the same polarity.

This polarity of the poles 2 leads to an increase in the internal EMF induced in the coils 4 relative to the beginnings and ends of the phases (Fig. 2) and, as a result, to a decrease in the reactive component of the current consumed from the network (Fig. 4). In FIG. 4 shows the values of the consumed currents I _1nov and I _1st and power factors cos φ _1н and cos φ _1st depending on the power at the motor output. The index “nov” is assigned to the values provided by the induction electric machine according to the proposed scheme for switching on the coil of 4 poles 2, and the index “ct” is for the case when the law of alternating the polarity of the poles of all the modules is the same.

 By reducing the consumed reactive power, it is possible to increase the use of the active volume of the electric machine, reducing the consumption of active materials while maintaining the consumed useful power. (56) U.S. Patent No. 4,075,521, cl. H 02 K 3/00, published. 1976.

 Application of France N 2272519, cl. H 02 K 19/24, published. 1974.

Claims (1)

INDUCTOR ELECTRIC MACHINE, containing a gear pole stator with a number of poles Z ₀ with a multiphase coil winding, each coil of which is located on one pole of the stator, a winding ferromagnetic gear rotor and a converter to which the stator winding is connected, characterized in that the stator and rotor are made even and unequal numbers of teeth, and each phase of the winding is made of p counter-connected coils placed with a shift by double pole division 2τ,
where 2τ = Z ₀ / p,
p is an even number.

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