RU2009146074A - ALTERNATIVE PRE-COOLING SYSTEM - Google Patents

ALTERNATIVE PRE-COOLING SYSTEM Download PDF

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Publication number
RU2009146074A
RU2009146074A RU2009146074/06A RU2009146074A RU2009146074A RU 2009146074 A RU2009146074 A RU 2009146074A RU 2009146074/06 A RU2009146074/06 A RU 2009146074/06A RU 2009146074 A RU2009146074 A RU 2009146074A RU 2009146074 A RU2009146074 A RU 2009146074A
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Russia
Prior art keywords
refrigeration
cooling
cooling system
refrigerant
stream
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RU2009146074/06A
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Russian (ru)
Inventor
Марк Джулиан РОБЕРТС (US)
Марк Джулиан РОБЕРТС
Кристофер Майкл ОТТ (US)
Кристофер Майкл ОТТ
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Эр Продактс Энд Кемикалз, Инк. (Us)
Эр Продактс Энд Кемикалз, Инк.
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Publication of RU2009146074A publication Critical patent/RU2009146074A/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0214—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle
    • F25J1/0215—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle with one SCR cycle
    • F25J1/0216—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle with one SCR cycle using a C3 pre-cooling cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
    • F25J1/0055—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream originating from an incorporated cascade
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
    • F25J1/008—Hydrocarbons
    • F25J1/0082—Methane
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J1/0085—Ethane; Ethylene
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
    • F25J1/008—Hydrocarbons
    • F25J1/0087—Propane; Propylene
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
    • F25J1/0095—Oxides of carbon, e.g. CO2
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
    • F25J1/0097—Others, e.g. F-, Cl-, HF-, HClF-, HCl-hydrocarbons etc. or mixtures thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0217—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as at least a three level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle
    • F25J1/0218—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as at least a three level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle with one or more SCR cycles, e.g. with a C3 pre-cooling cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
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    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
    • F25J1/0264—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams
    • F25J1/0265—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams comprising cores associated exclusively with the cooling of a refrigerant stream, e.g. for auto-refrigeration or economizer
    • F25J1/0268—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams comprising cores associated exclusively with the cooling of a refrigerant stream, e.g. for auto-refrigeration or economizer using a dedicated refrigeration means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0281—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc. characterised by the type of prime driver, e.g. hot gas expander
    • F25J1/0283—Gas turbine as the prime mechanical driver
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0285—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings
    • F25J1/0287—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings including an electrical motor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
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    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/029—Mechanically coupling of different refrigerant compressors in a cascade refrigeration system to a common driver
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/60—Closed external refrigeration cycle with single component refrigerant [SCR], e.g. C1-, C2- or C3-hydrocarbons

Abstract

1. Система сжижения природного газа, содержащая: ! первую холодильную систему предварительного охлаждения с замкнутым контуром для предварительного охлаждения, по меньшей мере, подаваемого потока природного газа посредством непрямого теплообмена с хладагентом предварительного охлаждения циркулирующим в указанном замкнутом контуре первой холодильной системы предварительного охлаждения; ! вторую холодильную систему предварительного охлаждения с замкнутым контуром для предварительного охлаждения, по меньшей мере, первого потока хладагента посредством непрямого теплообмена с хладагентом предварительного охлаждения циркулирующим в указанном замкнутом контуре второй холодильной системы предварительного охлаждения; и ! криогенный теплообменник, соединенный по текучей среде с первой холодильной системой предварительного охлаждения и со второй холодильной системой предварительного охлаждения для того, чтобы принимать предварительно охлажденный, подаваемый поток природного газа от первой холодильной системы предварительного охлаждения и предварительно охлажденный первый поток хладагента от второй холодильной системы предварительного охлаждения для сжижения подаваемого потока природного газа, ! причем замкнутый контур второй холодильной системы предварительного охлаждения отделен от замкнутого контура первой холодильной системы предварительного охлаждения, и причем при работе потоки предварительно не охлаждаются обеими системами предварительного охлаждения - второй холодильной системой предварительного охлаждения и первой холодильной системой предварительного охлаждения. ! 2. Систе 1. A natural gas liquefaction system comprising:! a first closed-loop pre-cooling refrigeration system for pre-cooling at least a natural gas feed stream through indirect heat exchange with a pre-cooling refrigerant circulating in said closed loop of the first refrigeration pre-cooling system; ! a second closed-loop refrigeration pre-cooling system for pre-cooling at least the first refrigerant stream by indirect heat exchange with the pre-cooling refrigerant circulating in said closed loop of the second refrigeration pre-cooling system; and! a cryogenic heat exchanger fluidly coupled to the first refrigeration pre-cooling system and to the second refrigeration pre-cooling system in order to receive a pre-cooled, supplied natural gas stream from the first refrigeration pre-cooling system and a pre-cooled first refrigerant stream from the second refrigeration pre-cooling system to liquefy the feed stream of natural gas,! moreover, the closed loop of the second refrigeration pre-cooling system is separated from the closed loop of the first refrigeration pre-cooling system, and moreover, during operation, the flows are not pre-cooled by both pre-cooling systems - the second refrigeration pre-cooling system and the first refrigeration pre-cooling system. ! 2. The system

Claims (15)

1. Система сжижения природного газа, содержащая:1. A natural gas liquefaction system comprising: первую холодильную систему предварительного охлаждения с замкнутым контуром для предварительного охлаждения, по меньшей мере, подаваемого потока природного газа посредством непрямого теплообмена с хладагентом предварительного охлаждения циркулирующим в указанном замкнутом контуре первой холодильной системы предварительного охлаждения;a first closed-loop pre-cooling refrigeration system for pre-cooling at least a natural gas feed stream through indirect heat exchange with a pre-cooling refrigerant circulating in said closed loop of a first pre-refrigeration refrigeration system; вторую холодильную систему предварительного охлаждения с замкнутым контуром для предварительного охлаждения, по меньшей мере, первого потока хладагента посредством непрямого теплообмена с хладагентом предварительного охлаждения циркулирующим в указанном замкнутом контуре второй холодильной системы предварительного охлаждения; иa second closed-circuit refrigeration pre-cooling system for pre-cooling at least the first refrigerant stream by indirect heat exchange with the pre-cooling refrigerant circulating in said closed circuit of the second refrigeration pre-cooling system; and криогенный теплообменник, соединенный по текучей среде с первой холодильной системой предварительного охлаждения и со второй холодильной системой предварительного охлаждения для того, чтобы принимать предварительно охлажденный, подаваемый поток природного газа от первой холодильной системы предварительного охлаждения и предварительно охлажденный первый поток хладагента от второй холодильной системы предварительного охлаждения для сжижения подаваемого потока природного газа,a cryogenic heat exchanger fluidly coupled to the first refrigeration pre-cooling system and to the second refrigeration pre-cooling system in order to receive a pre-cooled, supplied natural gas stream from the first refrigeration pre-cooling system and a pre-cooled first refrigerant stream from the second refrigeration pre-cooling system to liquefy the feed stream of natural gas, причем замкнутый контур второй холодильной системы предварительного охлаждения отделен от замкнутого контура первой холодильной системы предварительного охлаждения, и причем при работе потоки предварительно не охлаждаются обеими системами предварительного охлаждения - второй холодильной системой предварительного охлаждения и первой холодильной системой предварительного охлаждения.moreover, the closed circuit of the second refrigeration pre-cooling system is separated from the closed circuit of the first refrigeration pre-cooling system, and while the flows are not pre-cooled by both pre-cooling systems - the second refrigeration pre-cooling system and the first refrigeration pre-cooling system. 2. Система по п.1, дополнительно содержащая теплообменник переохлаждения, соединенный по текучей среде с криогенным теплообменником, причем теплообменник переохлаждения принимает второй поток хладагента от криогенного теплообменника для переохлаждения подаваемого потока природного газа непрямым теплообменом.2. The system of claim 1, further comprising a subcooling heat exchanger fluidly coupled to the cryogenic heat exchanger, the subcooling heat exchanger receiving a second refrigerant stream from the cryogenic heat exchanger to subcool the supplied natural gas stream by indirect heat exchange. 3. Система по любому из пп.1-2, в которой первая и/или вторая холодильная система предварительного охлаждения содержит, по меньшей мере, один теплообменник, который принимает, по меньшей мере, два рабочих потока.3. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 2, in which the first and / or second refrigeration pre-cooling system comprises at least one heat exchanger that receives at least two operating streams. 4. Система по п.1, в которой каждая из первой холодильной системы предварительного охлаждения и второй холодильной системы предварительного охлаждения содержит:4. The system according to claim 1, in which each of the first refrigeration pre-cooling system and the second refrigeration pre-cooling system contains: по меньшей мере, одно устройство для понижения давления, по меньшей мере, части хладагента предварительного охлаждения или испарения, по меньшей мере, части хладагента предварительного охлаждения; иat least one device for depressurizing at least a portion of a pre-cooling refrigerant or evaporating at least a portion of a pre-cooling refrigerant; and по меньшей мере, один испаритель пропана, иat least one propane vaporizer, and компрессор, соединенный по текучей среде с, по меньшей мере, с одним устройством понижения давления или испарения испарителем и выполненный с возможностью приема, по меньшей мере, одного предварительно охлажденного потока хладагента.a compressor fluidly coupled to at least one pressure reducing or vaporizing device by an evaporator and configured to receive at least one pre-cooled refrigerant stream. 5. Система по п.4, дополнительно содержащая первый привод и второй привод, причем первый привод приводит в действие компрессор первой холодильной системы предварительного охлаждения, компрессор второй холодильной системы предварительного охлаждения и первый компрессор хладагента высокого давления, и причем второй привод приводит в действие первый компрессор хладагента среднего давления и первый компрессор хладагента низкого давления.5. The system of claim 4, further comprising a first drive and a second drive, wherein the first drive drives a compressor of a first refrigeration pre-cooling system, a compressor of a second refrigeration pre-cooling system and a first high pressure refrigerant compressor, and wherein the second drive drives a first medium-pressure refrigerant compressor; and first low-pressure refrigerant compressor. 6. Система по п.4, дополнительно содержащая первый привод и второй привод, причем первый привод приводит в действие компрессор первой холодильной системы предварительного охлаждения и первый компрессор хладагента низкого давления или первый компрессор хладагента высокого давления, и причем второй привод приводит в действие компрессор второй холодильной системы предварительного охлаждения и первый компрессор хладагента низкого давления или первый компрессор хладагента высокого давления, не приведенные в действие первым приводом.6. The system of claim 4, further comprising a first drive and a second drive, wherein the first drive drives a compressor of a first refrigeration pre-cooling system and a first low pressure refrigerant compressor or a first high pressure refrigerant compressor, and wherein the second drive drives a second compressor a refrigeration pre-cooling system and a first low pressure refrigerant compressor or a first high pressure refrigerant compressor not powered by the first drive. 7. Система по п.4, дополнительно содержащая первый привод и второй привод, причем первый привод приводит в действие компрессор первой холодильной системы предварительного охлаждения и компрессор второй холодильной системы предварительного охлаждения, и причем второй привод приводит в действие первый компрессор хладагента низкого давления и первый компрессор хладагента высокого давления.7. The system of claim 4, further comprising a first drive and a second drive, wherein the first drive drives a compressor of a first refrigeration pre-cooling system and a compressor of a second refrigeration pre-cooling system, and wherein the second drive drives a first low pressure refrigerant compressor and a first high pressure refrigerant compressor. 8. Система по п.7, дополнительно содержащая третий привод, причем третий привод приводит в действие второй компрессор хладагента низкого давления и второй компрессор хладагента высокого давления.8. The system of claim 7, further comprising a third drive, the third drive driving a second low pressure refrigerant compressor and a second high pressure refrigerant compressor. 9. Система по любому из пп.5-8, причем первый привод, второй привод и/или, если присутствует, третий привод являются газовыми турбинами.9. The system according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein the first drive, the second drive and / or, if present, the third drive are gas turbines. 10. Система по п.1, в которой криогенный теплообменник является змеевиковым теплообменником.10. The system of claim 1, wherein the cryogenic heat exchanger is a coil heat exchanger. 11. Способ сжижения природного газа, содержащий этапы, при которых:11. A method for liquefying natural gas, comprising the steps of: предварительно охлаждают в первой холодильной системе предварительного охлаждения с замкнутым контуром, по меньшей мере, подаваемый поток природного газа посредствам непрямого теплообмена с хладагентом предварительного охлаждения, циркулирующим в указанном замкнутом контуре первой холодильной системы предварительного охлаждения;pre-cooling in the first closed-loop pre-cooling refrigeration system at least the supplied natural gas stream through indirect heat exchange with the pre-cooling refrigerant circulating in said closed loop of the first pre-cooling refrigeration system; предварительно охлаждают во второй холодильной системе предварительного охлаждения с замкнутым контуром, по меньшей мере, первый поток хладагента посредствам непрямого теплообмена с хладагентом предварительного охлаждения, циркулирующим в указанном замкнутом контуре второй холодильной системы предварительного охлаждения;pre-cooling in the second closed-loop pre-cooling refrigeration system at least the first refrigerant stream by indirect heat exchange with the pre-cooling refrigerant circulating in said closed loop of the second pre-refrigerating refrigeration system; испаряют предварительно охлажденный первый поток хладагента в криогенном теплообменнике для охлаждения предварительно охлажденного подаваемого потока природного газа непрямым теплообменом,the pre-cooled first refrigerant stream is evaporated in a cryogenic heat exchanger to cool the pre-cooled natural gas feed stream by indirect heat exchange, причем замкнутый контур второй холодильной системы предварительного охлаждения отделен от замкнутого конура первой холодильной системы предварительного охлаждения, и причем вторая холодильная система предварительного охлаждения предварительно охлаждает только поток (потоки), имеющий состав, отличающийся от потока (потоков), предварительно охлаждаемого первой холодильной системой предварительного охлаждения.moreover, the closed circuit of the second refrigeration pre-cooling system is separated from the closed circuit of the first refrigeration pre-cooling system, and the second refrigeration pre-cooling system pre-cools only the stream (flows) having a composition different from the stream (flows) pre-cooled by the first refrigeration pre-cooling system . 12. Способ по п.11, при котором подаваемый поток природного газа и первый поток хладагента предварительно охлаждают до +16°С - -73°С (+60°F - -100°F).12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the natural gas feed stream and the first refrigerant stream are pre-cooled to + 16 ° C to -73 ° C (+ 60 ° F to -100 ° F). 13. Способ по п.11 или 12, дополнительно содержащий этап, при котором предварительно охлаждают второй поток хладагента в первой холодильной системе предварительного охлаждения или во второй холодильной системе предварительного охлаждения и испаряют второй поток хладагента для переохлаждения подаваемого потока природного газа.13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, further comprising the step of pre-cooling the second refrigerant stream in the first refrigeration pre-cooling system or in the second refrigeration pre-cooling system and evaporating the second refrigerant stream to supercool the supplied natural gas stream. 14. Способ по п.11, при котором первый поток хладагента и/или, если присутствует, вторые потоки хладагента являются потоком смешанного хладагента.14. The method of claim 11, wherein the first refrigerant stream and / or, if present, the second refrigerant streams are a mixed refrigerant stream. 15. Способ по п.11, в котором хладагент предварительного охлаждения является пропан или СО2. 15. The method according to claim 11, in which the pre-cooling refrigerant is propane or CO 2 .
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