RU2008449C1 - Exhaust gas catalytic converter for internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; internal combustion engine. SUBSTANCE: device has sectional metal housing with central part 1, input part 2 and output part 3. Fitted in input part 2 is exhaust gas input connection 4 and in output part 3, exhaust gas output connection 5. Catalytic reactor 6 is arranged in central part 1. Secured in catalytic reactor 6 are inlet and outlet grids made in form of catalytic honeycomb structure units manufactured from coiled smooth tape 16 and corrugated tape 17. Tapes 16 and 17 are coated with layer of catalysts. Catalyst 18 on carrier is placed between grid made of tapes 16 and 17 in catalytic reactor 6. EFFECT: enhanced emission control. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to mechanical engineering, namely to engine building, and can be used for cleaning exhaust gases of internal combustion engines.

 Known catalytic converters, consisting of a cylindrical metal casing and placed in it a catalyst made in the form of a roll of smooth and corrugated tapes folded together.

 The disadvantages of such converters are the impossibility of afterburning solid particles of exhaust gases, grinding soot formations and their afterburning.

 Catalytic converters are also known containing a catalytic reactor with inlet and outlet gratings having an opening filled with a supported catalyst in a fluidized bed mode. In such converters, soot is effectively crushed and burns out together with solid particles.

 The disadvantages of such converters are the difficulty of manufacturing and assembling in the presence of stainless steel gratings, the increased mass, low capabilities of the gratings when used as catalysts in coatings of rare-earth or noble metals.

 Known catalyst containing a metal casing with thermal insulation, a catalytic reactor with input and output gratings, which have openings and are made of stainless steel. The catalytic reactor is filled with a supported catalyst in a fluidized bed mode. In such converters, soot is effectively crushed and burns out together with solid particles.

 The disadvantages of the neutralizers are the difficulty of manufacturing and assembling in the presence of stainless steel grates, the increased mass, low capabilities of the gratings when using them as catalysts in coatings with rare-earth or noble metals, i.e., insufficient quality of exhaust gas treatment.

 The aim of the invention is to simplify the design of a multi-stage Converter and improving the quality of purification of exhaust gases.

 This is achieved by the fact that in a converter containing a metal case with thermal insulation, input and output lattices, a catalytic reactor having a supported catalyst, input and output lattices are made in the form of catalytic blocks of a honeycomb structure formed by layers of smooth and corrugated tapes that are coated with a catalyst layer and rolled up.

 Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the proposed converter is characterized in that the lattices are made in the form of rolls of smooth and corrugated tapes folded together, coated with a layer of catalysts. Thus, it meets the criteria of the invention of "novelty."

 Comparison of the proposed converter not only with the prototype, but also with other technical solutions in this technical field did not allow us to identify signs that distinguish the claimed solution from the prototype, which allows us to conclude that the criterion of "significant differences".

 The drawing shows a longitudinal section of the proposed Converter.

 It has a prefabricated metal casing 1, consisting of a central part, an input part 2 and an output part 3. An inlet part 4 is installed in the inlet part 2, and an exhaust pipe 5 in the outlet part 3. In the central part of the housing 1 there is a catalytic reactor 6, which is fixed in the housing 1 with ribs 7 and 8, as well as rings 9 and 10. Between the walls of the reactor housing 6 and the Converter housing 1 is a thermal insulation 11. In the catalytic reactor 6 using the ribs 12 and 13, as well as rings 14, 15 and 9, 10, the input and output lattices are fixed, which are made in the form of catalytic blocks formed from smooth 16 and corrugated 17 ribbons rolled up. Tapes 16 and 17 are coated with a catalyst bed. Between the gratings of smooth 16 and corrugated 17 tapes in the catalytic reactor 6 is a supported catalyst 18.

 The converter works as follows.

 The exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine enter the converter through the pipe 4, pass into the openings formed by smooth 16 and corrugated 17 tapes. In the presence of catalysts deposited on a smooth and corrugated tape, oxidation of products of incomplete combustion occurs, the volumetric oxygen content in the exhaust gases decreases. Next, the exhaust gases enter the catalytic reactor 6, filled with catalyst 18, bring the catalyst into a fluidized state, and nitrogen oxides are reduced. After the catalytic reactor 6, the exhaust gases pass into the openings formed by smooth 16 and corrugated 17 ribbons, in the presence of catalysts deposited on them, soot particles are oxidized and exit the catalyst through pipe 5.

 Thus, by replacing the grilles with smooth and corrugated tapes, the design of the converter is simplified, and the quality of exhaust gas cleaning is improved.

 In addition, in comparison with the prototype, the exhaust gas neutralizer provides simplification of manufacturing, assembly, multi-stage purification of exhaust gases.

 In known technical solutions, rolls of folded together smooth and corrugated tapes coated with a catalyst layer fulfill only the role of a developed surface of catalysts in converters. The use of coil devices as gratings in fluidized bed converters is not known.

 In the described construction, rolls of smooth and corrugated tapes folded together play two roles: gratings that prevent the removal of a fluidized catalyst, and catalysts. Therefore, the use of a catalyst can improve the quality of gas purification, prevent the release of catalysts on the carrier, reduce the mass of the catalyst by eliminating metal gratings with holes. (56) Copyright certificate of the USSR N 1165809, cl. F 01 N 9/00, 1983.

 USSR author's certificate N 1188344, cl. F 01 N 3/28, 1983.

Claims (1)

 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE EXHAUST GAS NEUTRALIZER, comprising a metal casing with heat insulation, inlet and outlet gratings installed in the casing and a fluidized-bed reactor between them, characterized in that, in order to increase efficiency, the input and output gratings are made in the form of a cat structures formed by layers of smooth and corrugated tapes, coated with a catalyst and rolled up.