RU2005065C1 - Method of manufacturing wood flat articles - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: in wood processing, in particular for interior decoration in wet conditions. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: the method comprises grinding the filler, mixing it with a binder and a flame retardant, followed by carpet formation and hot pressing of the plates. The filler used is crushed palm nut shells of the following fractional composition wt%: 0.315 - 0.64 mm - 60 - 70.0.65 - 125 mm - 30 - 40, which is mixed with a 15 - 25% aqueous solution of urea-formaldehyde resin in the following ratio components, wt.%: crushed palm nutshell of the specified composition 84.8 - 94.5, urea-formaldehyde resin 5-15, flame retardant 02 - 0.5.

Description

The invention relates to building materials and can be used as an internal surface finish in high humidity conditions.

The aim of the invention is to reduce water absorption and increase the strength characteristics of plates with the simultaneous disposal of production waste.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the method comprising mixing the crushed shell with a binder and flame retardant, followed by the formation of the carpet and hot pressing the plates, the palm kernel shell of the following fractional composition is used as a filler: 0.315-0.64 mm - 60-70 wt.%, 0.65-1.25 mm - 30-40 wt.%, which is mixed with a 15-25% aqueous solution of urea-formaldehyde resin in the following ratio, wt.%:

Chopped palm shell

walnut 84.8-94.5

Urea formaldehyde

resin 5.0-15.0

Fire retardant 0.2-0.5

The palm nut shell (palm oil production waste) was crushed using an IPR-ZOOM grinder and sifted through a set of sieves, particles were isolated with a size of 0.20; 0.315; 0.64; 1.25; 1.50 mm

The main characteristics of the nutshell:

Density. 1370 kg / m3

In bulk

density 512 kg / m

Voidness in a compacted state57 kg / m3

Voidness in the unconsolidated

63 kg / m3

Water Absorption6%

Urea-formaldehyde resin of KF-G grade GOST 14231-88, has the following characteristics: Mass fraction of solids 67 ± 2% Mass fraction of free formaldehyde not more than 0.9% Conventional viscosity at 20 ± 0.5 ° С according to VZ-1 40- 60 pH 7.5-6.7 Gelling time at 100 ° C, s 40-65 Miscibility with water at 20 ± 1 ° C in a ratio of

1: 2 volume

As a hardener of the resin, a 20% aqueous solution of ammonium chloride (GOST 2210-73) was used at the rate of 1.0% by weight of the resin, calculated on the dry residue and Fire retardant -2.5% aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate.

The palm nut shell was crushed on a grinder of the IPR-ZOOm brand and sieved, the fractions of 0.315-0.64 mm and 0.65-1.25 mm were separated. Then the filler was sequentially mixed with 10; fifteen; 20.25; 30% aqueous urea-formaldehyde resin solution and flame retardant in the proportions given in Table 1. A 0.64 mm shell and a 20% solution of urea-formaldehyde resin with a flame retardant were used to make the prototype composition. A urea-formaldehyde resin hardener for all compositions was a 20% aqueous solution of ammonium chloride in an amount of 1.0% by weight of the resin, calculated on the dry residue.

The compositions of the experimental compositions are given in table 1.

Plate samples 200x200x10 mm in size were formed by compression molding at a polymer polymerization temperature of 120 ± 5 ° C and a specific pressure of 10-12 MPa. Holding time under pressure of 0.5 min per 1 mm of the thickness of the finished plate. The molded samples were cooled under pressure to a temperature of 70 ° C, after which they were removed from the mold.

Testing of the samples was carried out in accordance with GOST-10635-88 (determination of tensile strength at and bending); GOST 10635-88 (determination of tensile strength perpendicular to plate plates); GOST 10634-88 (determination of water resistance); GOST 10637-88 (determination of the specific resistance to pulling nails and screws).

The test results are presented in table.2-6.

The physical and mechanical properties of the plates when using a 20% binder and filler solution of the following fractional composition: 0.315-0.64 mm - 75%, 0.65-1.25 mm - 25% are given in Table 2.

The physical and mechanical properties of the plates using a 20% binder and filler solution of the following fractional composition: 0.315-0.64 mm - 70% 0.65-1.25 mm - 30% are given in Table 3.

The physical and mechanical properties of the plates using a 20% binder and filler solution of the following fractional composition: 0.315-0.64 mm - 65% 0.65-1.25 mm - 25% are given in Table 4

The physicomechanical indices of the plates when using 20% v high pressure binder and filler of the following fractional composition: 0.315-0.64 mm - 60% 0.65-1.25 mm - 40% are given in tzbl.o.

Physico-mechanical properties of the plates when using a 20% solution of ea - binder and filler of the following fractional composition: 0.315-0.64 mm - 55% 0.65-1, 45% are given in Table 6.

As the test results showed, the use of palm kernel shell as a filler made it possible to reduce the water absorption of the boards by 5–10 times in comparison with the known facing materials based on wood fillers. This is primarily due to the presence of 8-10% palm oil in the shell, which gives the plates hydrophobicity. In addition, the indicated ratio of the fractions of the filler provides not only a reduction in water absorption due to the exclusion of the open porosity of the material, but also improves strength characteristics, since with this ratio the densest packing of particles is achieved.

Comparative characteristics of the basic physical and mechanical properties of the experimental plates and the prototype are given in table.7.

Thus, the proposed method allows to obtain a fairly cheap facing plate material with high physical and mechanical properties and at the same time efficiently use palm oil production waste.

s

(56) Bustedt I.I. and Khokolev H.I. Thermal insulation materials for construction. K .: Bud Velnik, 1966, pp. 98-106.

French Application No. 24366670, B 29 J 5/00, 1980.

USSR author's certificate No. 1184684, cell, B 2 N 3/02. 1987.

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Table 5

Table 6

The experimental compositions were prepared at quantitative ratios of the components shown in Table 1 (composition 3).

Claims (1)

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION METHOD FOR PRODUCING WOOD BOILER MATERIAL from crushed walnut shells, including mixing crushed shells with binder antilyrene, followed by carpet formation and hot pressing of the plates, characterized in that the quality of the walnut shell is 0.3, the quality of the shell shell is 0, 64 mm - 60 - 70 wt.%, 0.65 - U5 Table 7 mm - 30 - 40 wt.%, and as a binder -15 - 25% aqueous solution of urea-formaldehyde resin, and their mixing is carried out in the following ratio of components, wt.%: Chopped palm nutshell 84.8 - 94.5 Urea formaldehyde resin 5.0 - 15.0 Fire retardant 0.2 - 0.5