RU2004690C1 - Shallow foundation - Google Patents

Description

Unlike the one described in the second embodiment, the support frame is made of paired pipes along the entire circuit or on separate sides of the circuit (Fig. 9).

In contrast to those described in the third embodiment (Fig. 10), the support frame is made of separate pipes 15, stacked alternately in two parallel or equidistant rows. The ends of the pipes of one row overlap the ends of the pipes of the second row and are connected in places of overlap by means of struts of the supporting part.

In contrast to those described in the fourth embodiment (Fig. 17), the support frame is collapsible from individual pipes 16 connected to each other by means of flanges 17 or other means, for example, couplers (not shown). Coupling elements, in particular bolts 18 or studs, can be used as high-altitude marks. In this case, the struts 19 of the supporting part can be fixed to the flanges 20, for example, by clamping the lower ends of the struts between the grooves of the flanges (Fig.23,24). The corners of the frame are made in the form of a welded (Fig.21) or prefabricated (Fig.22) elbow.

 The adjacent pipes of the collapsible frame, laid parallel or equidistantly, can be interconnected via a common flange 22 (Fig. 19,20). For a linear structure, for example, a fence, the support pipe 23 for stability, the structure has one or more elbows 24 (Fig. 5) or the pipe 25 is connected to the cross-members 26 laid on the ground and separated from each other (Fig. B). The cross members can be made of pipes 27, in particular, open at both ends when the structure is located across the direction 13 of the predominant flow of excess groundwater.

The foundation of the linear structure can be performed similarly to the second and third embodiments of the foundation of the contour structure (Figs. 9, 10).

The support portion of the foundation may have several designs.

In FIG. 11 shows a low foundation with a support part in the form of a tie 28 of channels installed directly on the support pipes, on which a tie 29 of the supra-foundation part of the structure is laid.

On Fig.13 presents the high foundations of the basement and columnar types. The base and pillars can be brick, reinforced concrete, from other materials. For a welded support frame, it is advisable to make support posts 31 of metal pipes welded to the support pipes and both. e 28, which ensures the unity of welding technology. In light constructions (canopies, greenhouses), support columns 32 can simultaneously serve as struts of the structure frame (Fig. 14) and are attached directly to the support pipes. The second and third embodiments of the support part (Figs. 9, 10) are used to increase the support area of the foundation or to make its support part from pipes of a smaller diameter instead of one pipe of a larger diameter.

At least one support pipe may be in the form of a storage, for example, water 33 (Fig. 17), accumulated in the rainy season and used in the dry season, or used for fire fighting. The storage facility has a filler neck 34 and a drain crane 35. When building a foundation, depending on its weight and the presence of lifting machines, lay a completely made foundation outside the place of construction on a prepared foundation from compacted soil, sand, gravel, or assemble the foundation directly on that foundation. When laying the foundation, the need to place its drainage pipes 11,12,14,27 in the direction (and with a slope) of the predominant flow of excess groundwater is taken into account. During operation of the structure, its settlement is controlled by means of altitude scales 6 and level 8.

Excess groundwater, for example, resulting from heavy rainfall or heavy snow, is removed from the foundation, the stack through its drainage pipes 11, 12, 14,27, which reduces the possibility of undermining the foundation and settlement of the structure. Waterproofing of drainage pipes from adjacent elements of the supporting part reduces the possibility of their corrosion, increases the durability of the foundation,

During operation, the foundation works as follows.

After the entire structure is erected, the foundation support pipes are immersed in the foundation (Fig. 25) to a depth

Ah f (G, L, D. O),

where G is the weight of the structure;

L is the total length of the support pipes;

D is the diameter of the support pipes;

bearing capacity of the base material.

G, L, D are constant values, and the depth of the submerged foundation depends only on

the bearing capacity of the base G. On soft soils as a result of their deformation under the base, deformations of the base itself occur with a decrease in its bearing capacity o and, accordingly, an increase in the depth of immersion of the support pipes. However, due to the cylindrical shape, the area of the pipe support increases with immersion and when it reaches a value that compensates for the weakening of the bearing capacity of the base, the immersion of the foundation will cease.

The foundation reaches the maximum area of the support - Fmax at a diving depth of Dpred - 0.5 O. With further immersion, the margin of the area of the support is no longer there.

It is recommended that repairs be carried out at a submersion depth of Dpdop of 0.15-0.20, when F is 0.5-0.6Fmax.

For this, by means of jacks 10 abutting against. brackets 9, raise the foundation (Fig. 16). and the base soil 37 is poured into the formed slit 36 and compacted, thereby restoring the original bearing capacity. On the altitude scale, it is recommended to mark the marks corresponding to the calculated, permissible and maximum immersion depths.

As a starting material for the manufacture of the supporting part of the foundation of the invention

Claims (14)

1. UNSETTED BASE on unevenly deformable soils, including a support part made of tubular supports and a stability element and a support part located on the soil, characterized in that the stability element is connected to the support along generatrix or ends to form a fracture in plan. 2. The foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that when connecting along the generators, the support and the stability element are made along the length of the sections arranged alternately relative to one another. 3. A foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that the support and / or stability element is made in length from sections equipped with lugs at the ends in the form of connecting outer flanges. 4. A foundation according to claim 3, characterized in that the flanges are made common for the support and the stability element when connecting the latter along generatrixes. 5. The foundation according to paragraphs. 3 and 4. characterized in that the support part is connected to the flanges by means of struts. 6. The foundation according to claims 1-3, it is distinctive to use substandard pipes. In case of failure of a separate support pipe with the loss of its bearing capacity in the fourth embodiment of the foundation (Fig. 17), the flange joints of this pipe with adjacent pipes are removed and replaced with a new pipe. One of the most promising applications for the foundation is the construction of garden houses and other buildings (greenhouses, sheds, huts, fences) in garden plots, among which there are many plots with peaty, marshy, and other weak soils subject to seasonal swelling and deformation. Thus, in comparison with the prototype, the use of the invention allows to expand the scope foundation by increasing its bearing capacity, the ability to erect structures on the slopes and structures of various configurations. Equipping the foundation with various devices provide easy control over its condition and soil deformations and ease of repair. (56) Denisov P.G. The construction of drilling. M .: Nedra, 1974, p. 244. fig. 115. so that a portion of the support and / or stability element placed & groundwater flow direction, has open ends and is waterproofed from adjacent sections. 7. The foundation according to paragraphs. 1 to 3, characterized in that the support part is made with a height scale for controlling precipitation. 8. A foundation according to claim 7, characterized in that the marks of the height scale are formed by the clamping elements of the flanges. 9. The foundation according to paragraphs. 1 - 3. characterized in that the support part is made with platforms for setting the level. 10. The foundation according to paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the support and / or support the part is made with sockets for interacting with the lifts. 11. The foundation according to paragraphs. 1 and 2, characterized in that. that it is equipped with cross members laid on the ground and connected to supporting part. 12. The foundation according to claim 11, wherein the cross members are made of pipes. 13. A foundation according to claim 12, characterized in that the pipes are located in the direction of the groundwater flow. open at both ends. 14. The foundation according to paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that the support part is equipped with a filler neck and a drain cock. 7 Fig, 1 -fi & 2 .. Z75D - “2rfV. about Joint venture about tg § "N N 54 -Fig. 9 I I GG + J 1FT§ & FT FIG. t2 FIG. fff Fig. 15 Fig: Yu / 29th 28 31 .thirteen FIG. sixteen I FIG. 17 ai H T at - & UiJ9 G Fig.21 FIG. 22 22 FIG. twenty twenty FIG. 23 G G ufz G VDUVl cl ..- about "" / h -k / .- .. FIG. 25 bhdon.