RU2004142C1 - Composition for artificial substrate - Google Patents

Description

The value of sorption capacity characterizes the buffer properties of the substrate for organic biologically active substances.

The decrease in substrate mass over two years of operation was determined by the degree of biodegradation of cellophane waste, mercerized cellulose, and peat in the soil medium. This value reflects the resistance of the composition to the action of microorganisms, and hence its sterility. The full moisture capacity was determined according to GOST 9758-86.

Based on the service life and the cost of washing and drying the inorganic base of the fully spent substrate, the cost of disposal for 15 years has been calculated. The minimum cost of disposal characterizes the highest acceptability of the substrate from an environmental point of view.

From the table. Figure 2 shows that the proposed compositions are one and a half to two times superior to peat-containing substrate in sorption properties. They also have greater moisture capacity than the prototype. The composite substrate is more resistant to biological degradation; therefore, it better meets sterility requirements than a peat-containing substrate. The cost of utilization of a sterile substrate is more than three times less than the cost of utilization of the substrate, especially for the prototype. Therefore, the proposed substrate is more acceptable from the point of view of protecting the environment from pollution.

It is seen that the best sorption and water-retaining properties are possessed by compositions that contain a mixture of cellophane waste and mercerized cellulose in the ratio (1: 1) as an organic component, examples 11-15. These compositions are also preferred in terms of sterility and environmental friendliness. The optimum properties are possessed by the substrate (18), which contains wt,%:

expanded clay68

clinoptilolite 20

cellophane waste6

mercerized cellulose waste6 The use of such an artificial substrate will allow the plants to be grown under sterile conditions with the optimal supply of moisture and nutrients. This material can be reused after regeneration and the addition of a fresh organic component. All components used are quite cheap and affordable. In addition, the use of artificial waste materials as an organic component will help solve the problem of their disposal.

A completely spent substrate, which is a mixture of expanded clay and zeolite, can be easily utilized in two ways: either as a soil improver in agriculture, or as a filler of concrete in construction. Thus, the complete ecological purity of the composition of the invention is ensured.

(56) Copyright certificate of the USSR No. 707546, cl. A 01 G 31/00, 1980.

Table 1

Note. A - sorption capacity for methylene blue, g kg B - weight reduction over 2 years of operation, May. %, B - full capacity, May. %; G - disposal costs for 15 years, rubles / m.

Claims (2)

The claims 1, A COMPOSITION FOR ARTIFICIAL SUBSTRATE, including expanded clay and an organic component, characterized in that it additionally contains clinoptilolite, and artificial cellulose-containing material in the following ratio, May as an organic component. %: table 2 -1. Expanded clay62 - 74 Clinoptilolite 16-24 Artificial cellulose-containing material 10-14 2. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, as an artificial cellulose-containing material, it contains cellophane waste or waste of marsirized cellulose, or a mixture of cellophane waste and mercerized cellulose waste in a 1: 1 ratio.