RU2000197C1 - Electric thermal cutter - Google Patents

Abstract

Use, for cutting wood materials in the case when it is not required to observe the exact dimensions and cleanliness of the cutting surface of the cut parts. Summary of the invention: an electrothermal cutter contains a cutting element heated to significant temperatures, holders, handles, a temperature controller, a clamp, an electric wire and a power supply 1 s p file 9 il

Description

The invention relates to an electrothermal cutter for cutting wood materials in the case when it is not necessary to observe the exact dimensions of the cut parts and the cleanliness of the cut surfaces (felling trees, cutting logs for firewood, etc.).

Closest to the technical nature of the proposed is a cutting body for sawing wood cutting autosw. No. 436743, cl. B 27 M 1/06, 1971), which has a cutting part and side plates fixed in a horseshoe-shaped knife holder

The disadvantage of this design is that it represents a large surface area in a semicircle, and this can lead to a knife being squeezed between cut parts of the wood when cutting thick wood. In addition, the heating temperature of the knife is not controlled automatically, which can also lead to termination cutting due to softening of the metal of the knife from high temperatures The disadvantage is the fact that the shape and arrangement of the knife holder do not allow it to adhere to it sufficient pressure to accelerate or cutting

In the proposed design, these disadvantages are eliminated.

In order to achieve greater wood cutting speed and greater convenience, an electrothermal cutting machine is proposed, the cutting element of which is a bar having a working edge made in cross section in the form of an oval with an axis ratio of 1 to 7, the bar being mounted in holders that have handles at the end, heat-insulating gaskets are placed between the holders and the cutting element, one of the handles is fixed relative to the cutting element, and the cutting element itself is connected with a temperature controller

Bar Material - Heat Resistant and Heat Resistant Stainless Steel

During operation, the bar made of this steel must be heated to the highest possible temperatures at which there is no or, in extreme cases, minimal scale formation when the strength characteristics of the cutting element are necessary for cutting without permanent deformations. In addition, since the chemical composition of this steel contains chromium and nickel the bar has enough

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high electrical resistance, i.e., heats up quickly.

An electrothermorezak can be used both for cutting wood with one person, and for cutting it with two people.

Figure 1 shows a cutter for working with one person, top view; figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1; on figs - section BB in fig. 1; figure 4 is a section bb in figure 1; on f. 5 - a cutter for working with two people, the main view; figure 6 is a view of figure 5; 7 is a diagram of a device; Fig.8 and 9 are the contacts of the temperature sensor.

The cutter for one-person operation consists of a cutting element 1, holders 2 and 3, handles 4 and 5, temperature controller 6,

The cutting element 1 is made in the form of a small bar of heat-resistant and heat-resistant steel. On the one hand, the cutting element has a square section Ј with a round hole in it (Fig. 3). Another large part of the cutting element has a working edge made in cross section in the form of an oval (Fig. 4) with an axis ratio of 1: 7. From the square section, the cutting element enters the holder 2, which is connected to the handle 4. The stationary cutting element is connected to the holder 2 by means of a pin 7. at the same time, the lower end of the pin enters into the through hole b of the holder 2. until it stops, the pin is closed by a stopper 8 from above ,

 The square section of the cutting element on the side of the holder 2 prevents the element from turning in the holder during operation.

If the cutting element had a circular working section, the pressure on the wood when cutting it would be less than when using an element with a working edge in the form of an oval with an axis ratio of 1: 7, since a thin (cutting) edge of such a section brings the cutting element closer to the knife, i.e. cutting will proceed with greater pressure, and hence with greater speed, with equal forces x in both cases. In addition, the working edge with a cross section in the form of an oval with an axis ratio of 1: 7 contributes to faster heating of the thin cutting part of the element 1, which accelerates its work, and also this section provides greater rigidity when working in comparison with a round, and even more so angular (ribbon) sections of the cutting element.

The pin 7 is removed from the holder only when replacing the cutting element with a new one.

The working edge of the element, made in cross section in the form of an oval, enters the clamp 9 of the holder 3 connected to the handle 5. Clamp 9 is movable and moves along the cutting element depending on the thickness of the wood being cut. Before moving the clamp, loosen nuts 10 on

the bolts 11 and after setting the clamp in the desired position, the nuts are tightened.

In the locations of the cutting element 1 in the holder 2 in the clamp 9 are respectively insulating heat-resistant gaskets 12 and 13.

On the handle 4 there are buttons 14 and 15, respectively, of turning on the power supply to the cutting element and disconnecting it from the power supply.

5 The power supply cable 16 is laid in the cavities of the handle 4 and the holder 2 to the element 1, and in the cavities of the clamp 9, the holder 3 and the handle 5, the electric lead 17 is continued, through which electric energy is removed from the cutting element.

A temperature controller 6 is installed at the element exit from holder 2. The controller automatically turns off the torch when the temperature rises above a predetermined temperature and automatically turns on the torch when it drops below a predetermined temperature. Controller 6 operates on the principle of bimetallic contacts. It consists of a contact temperature sensor VK (Fig. 7), a relay P and a power source,

0 which is also the power source of the electrothermal cutter.

In the VK sensor, contacts 18 and 19 are installed, while contact 18 is bimetal, i.e. made of two wig plates.

5 The plate metals are selected so that their linear expansion when exposed to temperature from the cutting element either leads to lowering or to raising the free end of the contact 18. During operation

0 of the cutter in the event of a temperature increase above a predetermined end of the contact 18 is lowered (Fig. 8), i.e. The contacts of the VK sensor are closed, then the relay P is activated, which breaks the power supply circuit of the cutting element with its contacts, as a result of which it starts to cool.

In the opposite case, the free end of the contact 18 (Fig. 9) rises, i.e. the sensor contacts open, which leads to the corresponding action of the relay with the circuit, and the cutting element begins to heat up.

Before work, the cutter is brought by the working edge of the cutting element 1 to the wood,

5 then press the button 14 of the handle 4, apply power to the cutter and, as the cutting element is heated, press the handles 4 and 5, cut the wood. At the end of cutting, press the button 15 to disconnect the cutter from the power supply

The cutter on which two people work is fundamentally arranged and works the same way. as described, with the exception of:

the handle (figure 5) is located directly on the cutting element;

the cutting element enters the clamp, from which the electric wire leading off the power supply:

the clamp is bolted to the cutting element;

there is a handle at the end of the clamp;

a screen is installed between the handle and the element to protect the person from burns and electric shock.

The proposed electrotherm cutters operate from a stationary electric network, transported as well as portable electric generators assembled at the place of work.

The disadvantages of the invention are as follows.

when working with a torch, smokiness is formed;

working with an electrothermorezak increases the requirements for safety and fire safety, since voltage is applied to it, and as a result of the operation of a cutting element heated to high temperatures, wood can ignite (from the point of view of the fireproof ™ technique, it is better to work with a cutter in winter, autumn and spring, as well as in a dry summer forest).

The technical and economic effect of the electro thermoresistor is as follows:

the material consumption of the device is sharply reduced compared, for example, with portable saws on wood with a drive;

sharply facilitating the work of the cutter, since the worker is less tired, because the mass of the cutter is much less than the mass of saws with a drive;

the operation of the torch is simplified, since it does not have dynamically interacting parts, i.e. his work under non-national conditions is more reliable.

a significant economic effect is achieved by the absence of a mechanically moving cutting tool 5, which, due to rapid blunting, often needs to be sharpened or changed;

no need to pour liquid fuel into the torch tank for energy, as in the case

0 operation with a portable saw with a drive, which also makes the cutter lighter than a portable saw with a drive. Formula 1 Electrothermorezak containing a cutting element 5, which is installed in the holders and connected to an electric power source, characterized in that, in order to increase work efficiency by reducing physical effort. it is equipped with handles, insulating heat-resistant gaskets, a temperature controller with a temperature sensor, made in the form of fixed in parallel to each other

5 of two normally closed bimetallic contacts, and a relay with two normally closed contacts, and the profile of the working edge of the cutting element is oval with an oval axis ratio of 1: 7,

0 while the handles are fixed on the holders, between the holders and the cutting element heat-insulating gaskets are installed, and one of the handles of the holder is fixed with the possibility of

5 movement through the body of the cutting element, and the power source is connected to the cutting element through normally closed relay contacts, and a temperature sensor is installed on the holder and is turned on

0 in series with the relay and power supply.

2 Electrothermorezac according to claims 1, the above. that the cutting element is made of heat-resistant and heat-resistant

5 stainless steel.

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Compiled by E. Loginov Editor M. Strelnikova Tehred M. Morgenthal

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