RU2000121557A - FOAMED POROUS MEMBRANES FROM THERMOPLASTIC POLYMERS, AND ALSO A METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THEIR MANUFACTURE - Google Patents

FOAMED POROUS MEMBRANES FROM THERMOPLASTIC POLYMERS, AND ALSO A METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THEIR MANUFACTURE

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Publication number
RU2000121557A
RU2000121557A RU2000121557/12A RU2000121557A RU2000121557A RU 2000121557 A RU2000121557 A RU 2000121557A RU 2000121557/12 A RU2000121557/12 A RU 2000121557/12A RU 2000121557 A RU2000121557 A RU 2000121557A RU 2000121557 A RU2000121557 A RU 2000121557A
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melt
polymer
head
pressure
stage
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RU2000121557/12A
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Russian (ru)
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RU2203127C2 (en
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Ребекка КЛЕТЦЕР
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Сарториус Аг
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Priority claimed from DE19803362A external-priority patent/DE19803362A1/en
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Publication of RU2203127C2 publication Critical patent/RU2203127C2/en

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Claims (16)

1. Вспененные пористые мембраны из термопластичных полимеров, отличающиеся долей открытых пор не менее 80%, объемом пустот не менее 75% и распределением открытых пор по размерам со стандартным отклонением ±10% от среднего диаметра пор.1. Foamed porous membranes made of thermoplastic polymers, characterized by a fraction of open pores of not less than 80%, a volume of voids of not less than 75% and a distribution of open pores in size with a standard deviation of ± 10% from the average pore diameter. 2. Мембраны по п. 1, отличающиеся тем, что диаметр их пор лежит в микрофильтрационном диапазоне и составляет 0,05 - 30 мкм. 2. Membranes according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of their pores lies in the microfiltration range and is 0.05 - 30 microns. 3. Мембраны по п. 1, отличающиеся тем, что диаметр их пор лежит в макрофильтрационном диапазоне и составляет от более 30 мкм до 200 мкм. 3. Membranes according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of their pores lies in the macrofiltration range and ranges from more than 30 microns to 200 microns. 4. Мембраны по любому из пп. 1-3, отличающиеся тем, что они армированы с одной или обеих сторон. 4. Membranes according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that they are reinforced on one or both sides. 5. Мембраны по любому из пп. 1-4, отличающиеся тем, что они выполнены по меньшей мере из одного термопластичного полимера, выбранного из группы, включающей производные целлюлозы, полиолефины, сложные полиэфиры, полисульфоны, полиэфирсульфоны, полиамиды и продукты их замещения. 5. Membranes according to any one of paragraphs. 1-4, characterized in that they are made of at least one thermoplastic polymer selected from the group comprising cellulose derivatives, polyolefins, polyesters, polysulfones, polyethersulfones, polyamides and their substitution products. 6. Способ изготовления вспененных пористых мембран из термопластичных полимеров, в котором полимерный расплав, состоящий по меньшей мере из одного аморфного и/или частично кристаллического полимера, перемещают через экструдер (1) под давлением не менее 150 бар и при начальной температуре переработки, превышающей температуру размягчения по меньшей мере одного полимера, при этом на инжекционной ступени (9) в него вводят пенообразователь, и продавливают через формующую мембрану головку (18), причем в результате падения давления, происходящего при прохождении полимерного расплава, состоящего по меньшей мере из одного полимера, через головку (18) пенообразователь вспенивает полимерный расплав, отличающийся тем, что
а) на инжекционной ступени (9), находящейся между второй и последней третью длины цилиндра (4) экструдера (1), в полимерный расплав нагнетают избыток пенообразователя в пересчете на преобладающие на этом участке температуру и давление, при этом в качестве пенообразователя используют по меньшей мере два газа, или по меньшей мере две низкокипящие жидкости, или смесь одного газа и одной низкокипящей жидкости с различными скоростями диффузии в отношении полимерного расплава,
б) полимерный расплав, содержащий избыток пенообразователя, при повышающемся вдоль цилиндра (4) давлении перемещают и перемешивают в первой зоне (13) смешения, проходящей от инжекционной ступени до конца цилиндра (4),
в) перемешанный полимерный расплав перемещают через дополнительную ступень (15) смешения, оснащенную регулируемой системой нагрева и охлаждения и ограниченную первым и вторым насосами (14, 17) для расплава, при этом образуется однофазный расплав,
г) на дополнительной ступени (15) смешения температуру однофазного расплава понижают до уровня ниже начальной температуры переработки по меньшей мере одного полимера и/или его давление повышают с помощью первого и второго насосов (14, 17) для расплава, после чего
д) однофазный расплав с помощью второго насоса (17) для расплава продавливают с регулируемым давлением через головку (18).6. A method of manufacturing foamed porous membranes from thermoplastic polymers, in which a polymer melt, consisting of at least one amorphous and / or partially crystalline polymer, is transferred through an extruder (1) under a pressure of at least 150 bar and at an initial processing temperature exceeding the temperature softening of at least one polymer, while at the injection stage (9) a foaming agent is introduced into it and the head (18) is pressed through the forming membrane, and as a result of the pressure drop occurring When the polymer melt, consisting of at least one polymer, passes through the head (18), the foaming agent foams the polymer melt, characterized in that
a) at the injection stage (9), located between the second and last third of the length of the cylinder (4) of the extruder (1), an excess of foaming agent is injected into the polymer melt in terms of the prevailing temperature and pressure in this section, while at least a foaming agent is used at least two gases, or at least two low boiling liquids, or a mixture of one gas and one low boiling liquid with different diffusion rates with respect to the polymer melt,
b) a polymer melt containing excess foaming agent, with increasing pressure along the cylinder (4), is moved and mixed in the first mixing zone (13), passing from the injection stage to the end of the cylinder (4),
c) the mixed polymer melt is moved through an additional mixing stage (15) equipped with an adjustable heating and cooling system and limited by the first and second pumps (14, 17) for the melt, in this case a single-phase melt is formed,
d) at an additional mixing stage (15), the temperature of the single-phase melt is lowered to a level below the initial processing temperature of at least one polymer and / or its pressure is increased using the first and second melt pumps (14, 17), after which
d) a single-phase melt using a second pump (17) for melt is forced through with a controlled pressure through the head (18). 7. Способ по п. 6, отличающийся тем, что на дополнительной ступени (15) смешения температуру расплава понижают до уровня, который по меньшей мере на 50oС, предпочтительно по меньшей мере на 100oС, ниже начальной температуры переработки по меньшей мере одного полимера.7. The method according to p. 6, characterized in that at an additional mixing stage (15), the melt temperature is lowered to a level that is at least 50 ° C, preferably at least 100 ° C, below the initial processing temperature of at least one polymer. 8. Способ по п. 6, отличающийся тем, что на дополнительной ступени (15) смешения давление расплава повышают до уровня более 150 бар, предпочтительно до уровня по меньшей мере 400 бар. 8. The method according to p. 6, characterized in that at an additional stage (15) mixing the melt pressure is increased to a level of more than 150 bar, preferably to a level of at least 400 bar. 9. Способ по п. 6, отличающийся тем, что в полимерный расплав вводят сжиженные пенообразователи. 9. The method according to p. 6, characterized in that liquefied foaming agents are introduced into the polymer melt. 10. Способ по пп. 6 и 9, отличающийся тем, что в полимерный расплав вводят в качестве пенообразователей диоксид углерода и воду. 10. The method according to PP. 6 and 9, characterized in that carbon dioxide and water are introduced into the polymer melt as blowing agents. 11. Способ по любому из пп. 6-10, отличающийся тем, что полимерный расплав получают по меньшей мере из одного термопластичного полимера, выбранного из группы, включающей производные целлюлозы, полиолефины, сложные полиэфиры, полисульфоны, полиэфирсульфоны, полиамиды и продукты их замещения. 11. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 6-10, characterized in that the polymer melt is obtained from at least one thermoplastic polymer selected from the group consisting of cellulose derivatives, polyolefins, polyesters, polysulfones, polyethersulfones, polyamides and their substitution products. 12. Устройство для осуществления способа по п. 6, имеющее экструдер (1) с цилиндром (4), каковой экструдер имеет дозатор (5) полимеров и нагревательные элементы (8), соединен первым насосом (14) для расплава с головкой (18) для экструзии мембраны и имеет расположенную перед первым насосом (14) инжекционную ступень (9) для введения пенообразователей в полимерный расплав, отличающееся тем, что инжекционная ступень (9) расположена на участке между второй и последней третью длины цилиндра (4), а между первым насосом (14) и головкой (18) предусмотрена в качестве дополнительной ступени (15) смешения для образования однофазного расплава теплообменная труба, которая оканчивается по ходу потока со стороны головки (18) вторым насосом (17) для расплава и которая имеет регулируемую систему нагрева и охлаждения, при этом на участке между вторым насосом для расплава и головкой предусмотрена возможность установления давления, отличного от давления на указанной дополнительной ступени смешения. 12. A device for implementing the method according to claim 6, having an extruder (1) with a cylinder (4), which extruder has a polymer dispenser (5) and heating elements (8), is connected by a first melt pump (14) to a head (18) for extrusion of the membrane and has an injection step (9) located in front of the first pump (14) for introducing foaming agents into the polymer melt, characterized in that the injection step (9) is located on the section between the second and last third of the cylinder length (4), and between the first a pump (14) and a head (18) are provided as up to an additional mixing stage (15) for the formation of a single-phase melt, a heat exchange pipe that ends in the direction of flow from the head (18) with a second melt pump (17) and which has an adjustable heating and cooling system, while in the area between the second melt pump and the head provides the ability to establish a pressure different from the pressure at the specified additional stage of mixing. 13. Устройство по п. 12, отличающееся тем, что теплообменная труба (15) имеет смесительные элементы для полимерного расплава, предпочтительно в форме статической мешалки. 13. The device according to p. 12, characterized in that the heat exchange pipe (15) has mixing elements for polymer melt, preferably in the form of a static mixer. 14. Устройство по п. 12, отличающееся тем, что инжекционная ступень (9) состоит из дозировочных насосов (10), которые через полые иглы (11) и материалы (12) из спеченного металлического порошка сообщаются с цилиндром (4) экструдера (1). 14. The device according to p. 12, characterized in that the injection stage (9) consists of metering pumps (10), which through hollow needles (11) and materials (12) of sintered metal powder communicate with the cylinder (4) of the extruder (1) ) 15. Устройство по п. 12, отличающееся тем, что дозировочные насосы (10) для дозирования сжиженных пенообразователей имеют охлаждаемые головки. 15. The device according to p. 12, characterized in that the metering pumps (10) for dispensing liquefied foaming agents have cooled heads. 16. Устройство по п. 12, отличающееся тем, что головка (18) для экструзии плоской мембраны выполнена в виде плоскощелевой головки. 16. The device according to p. 12, characterized in that the head (18) for extrusion of a flat membrane is made in the form of a flat-slit head.
RU2000121557/12A 1998-01-29 1999-01-19 Foamed porous diaphragms made of thermoplastic polymers and method and device for making such diaphragms RU2203127C2 (en)

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DE19803362A DE19803362A1 (en) 1998-01-29 1998-01-29 Foamed porous membranes made of thermoplastic polymers and method and device for their production
DE19803362.1 1998-01-29

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EP (1) EP1051236B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4105388B2 (en)
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