RU199759U1 - ELECTRIC MOBILE CURRENT RECEIVER - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to railway transport, namely to current collectors of electric rolling stock, and can be used on DC and AC electric trains, AC electric locomotives. The pantograph of the electric rolling stock contains: base; lightweight lower movable frame, pivotally connected to the base and lower link; an upper lightweight movable frame, pivotally connected to the lower movable frame and a synchronizing rod; a current-collecting unit including a bar, a runner, carriages and shear fingers, in which the stationary part of each carriage is placed on the said bar, the shear fingers are fixed on the movable part of the carriage, and the runner is mounted on the shear fingers; lifting and lowering mechanism of the lower and upper movable frames, including an air spring with pneumatic lines, where the air spring is fixed on the base and connected to the lower movable frame by means of rods. The claimed pantograph provides for an emergency system for lowering the movable frames, in particular, when the runner is torn off the carriages or when the runner reaches a height of 7000 mm above the rail head level, which increases the safety of the pantograph. In addition, the pantograph in accordance with this utility model has the ability to control from the driver's cab the magnitude of pressing the pantograph on the overhead wire during the icy period, which increases the safety of the pantograph when starting the ERS from its place, which also has a positive effect on the safety and quality of current collection.

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY.

The utility model relates to railroad transport, namely to current collectors of electric rolling stock, and can be used on DC and AC electric trains, AC electric locomotives (hereinafter EPS).

PRIOR ART.

Known asymmetric pantograph having a collector assembly mounted on an upper movable frame, pivotally connected to the lower movable frame, pivotally connected to an insulated base and a torsion bar connected at one end to the base, and the other through a link rod having a contact pressure adjustment mechanism in one of its links, with a cam-shaped lever located on the lower movable frame, and the torsion bar has an energy capacity sufficient to overcome the resistance forces by lifting the movable parts of the pantograph and pressing the collector assembly with a given force to the contact wire, and the lifting and lowering mechanism is made with the ability to overcome the specified energy torsion bar and holding the pantograph with a given force in the folded position. [RU, Patent No. 2272720].

The disadvantage of this pantograph is the complexity of the kinematic transmission from the torsion bar to the lower movable frame, the significant weight and dimensions of the lifting and lowering mechanism and the torsion bar, the impossibility of operatively adjusting the static pressing of the pantograph on the contact wire, the absence of an emergency folding system for the pantograph when the runner breaks off the carriages. A large number of hinges in the link rod causes an increased magnitude of the friction forces in the hinges, and a significant tensile force applied to the link rod contributes to the wear of its elements. These circumstances change the static characteristics of the pantograph over time, which negatively affects the quality of the current collector, and therefore requires frequent maintenance of the pantograph. Adjustment of pressing the pantograph on the wire is possible only during technical maintenance of the EPS (entering the depot), which excludes the possibility of combating ice in the EPS parking lot.

The problems are partially eliminated in the technical solution for the patent for utility model RU 147168, which is the closest in relation to the proposed utility model.

An asymmetric pantograph for electric rolling stock consists of: a base, a pneumatic actuator interacting with a bearing arm articulated with the upper frame and lightweight carriages mounted on the upper frames.

A wide skid equipped with rows of contact elements is placed on the carriages with the possibility of turning around its longitudinal axis. The pantograph also includes a carriage synchronization rod, an emergency lowering device and a height limit valve.

The upper frame is connected by a hinge leash to the base, which has lowered racks for installation in hinge housings for suspension of a pneumatic actuator equipped with a flange with a shaft during its installation.

The emergency lowering device, which is a pneumatic double-acting mechanism, has an axially movable rod with a radial groove and two balls located at an angle to each other.

One of the balls, placed with the possibility of movement, interacts with the shut-off valve in the pneumatic drive line through the transfer unit, and the second ball is spring-loaded with the possibility of adjustment.

The transmission unit is made in the form of a two-armed lever, interacting with one shoulder with a ball moving along the rod, and with the other with a shut-off valve located on the bearing lever in front of the hinge. The stem is made with two annular grooves, located symmetrically with respect to the pin installed in the hinge, and carries a compensation spring located on one of the sides of the hinge, depending on the direction of the asymmetry of the carriages or its absence. In this case, the groove of the rod has a length equal to the diameter of the ball moved along the rod when it breaks off.

As follows from the materials of the cited patent, the utility model makes it possible to facilitate the current collector unit, stabilize the contact pressure and improve the quality of the current collection, increase the reliability of its operation at high speeds of the electric locomotive (up to 200 km / h), and also reduce the dimensions of the current collector when folded for better fit into the dimensions of the electric rolling stock.

The disadvantages of the known technical solution include the following:

- the complexity of the design of the upper frame and the synchronization rod, due to the large number of pipes welded together into two independent structures (4 pipes are welded into a single structure to form the upper frame and 6 pipes - for the synchronization rod). It can be assumed that all pipes are made of steel to ensure the required rigidity of both structures and lower aerodynamic resistance, and not of light-alloy materials. This design of the upper frame and the synchronization rod is massive and has an increased aerodynamic resistance with the greatest allowable opening of the pantograph.

- Due to the vertical arrangement of the pneumatic spring under the conditions of limiting the vertical dimensions of the pantograph, the amount of vertical movement of the pneumatic spring when compressed air is supplied to it is limited. This condition forces the arm 4 (Fig. 2) of the bearing arm 3 to be short, as a result of which the arm 4 experiences significant loads (presumably about 1 tf) and, therefore, must be very massive.

- Both of the above disadvantages (large mass of the support arm, upper frame and synchronization rod, as well as significant efforts required to lift the movable pantograph frames) complicate the adjustment and ensure the stability of the static characteristic of pressing the pantograph rail against the contact wire.

These disadvantages of the known technical solution represent certain technical problems that can be solved by the claimed utility model.

DISCLOSURE OF THE ESSENCE OF THE USEFUL MODEL.

The technical task of the declared utility model is to eliminate the indicated technical problems, improve the safety and quality of current collection.

The task is solved by a pantograph of an electric rolling stock, containing:

base;

a current-collecting unit including a bar, a runner, carriages and shear fingers, in which the stationary part of each carriage is placed on the said bar, the shear fingers are fixed on the movable part of the carriage, and the runner is mounted on the shear fingers;

lower and upper lightweight movable frames, where the lower movable frame is pivotally connected to the base, and the upper movable frame is pivotally connected to the lower movable frame and the collector assembly;

lower link;

synchronizing thrust;

lifting and lowering mechanism of the lower and upper movable frames, including an air spring with pneumatic lines, where the air spring is fixed on the base and connected to the lower movable frame by means of lifting rods and

Control block.

In particular embodiments of the utility model, the task is solved by a pantograph, in which the control unit includes manometers, pressure regulators, pneumatic valves, pressure switches, throttles and pneumatic silencers.

In this case, in the pantograph, the control unit can include pneumatic valves and pressure switches, which provide emergency lowering of the pantograph when the critical height of the runner is reached with respect to the rail head.

Also, in the claimed pantograph, the control unit may include pneumatic valves and pressure switches, which provide emergency lowering of the pantograph when the shear pin is destroyed.

The said shear pin can be made in the form of a hollow cylindrical body with grooves for installing a runner and an end thread for connecting to a line.

Teflon-coated plain bearings can be installed in the attachment points of the said rod to the upper movable frame of the claimed pantograph.

In the pantograph, the pneumatic spring can be fixed on the base beyond the dimensions of the lower and upper movable frames.

In the pantograph, the upper and lower lightweight movable frames can be made of aluminum-based alloys.

The base of the pantograph can be fitted with a rubber buffer.

On the lower movable frame of the claimed pantograph, rollers with different diameters can be installed, made with the possibility of placing on them lifting rods.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.

FIG. 1 shows a general view of the pantograph.

FIG. 2 shows the pneumo-electric circuit of the pantograph.

FIG. 3 shows a general view of the shear pin.

FIG. 4 shows view A.

Positions mean the following:

1. Foundation

2. Bottom movable frame

3. Upper movable frame

4. Lower link

5. Synchronizing rod

6. Collector assembly

7. Air spring

8. Barbell

9. Runner

10. Carriage

11. Shear finger

12. Air spring flange

13. Bracket

14. Lift rod

15. Control module

16. Support insulator

17. Rubber buffer

18. Plank

19. Guide roller

20. Air channel

21. Groove

22. Thread

23. Bearing

The letters in the diagram in FIG. 2 means the following:

A - air supply hose for lifting and lowering the pantograph

B - air supply hose for automatic emergency lowering of the pantograph in case of damage

C - air supply hose for automatic emergency lowering of the pantograph in case the runner exceeds the critical height

M - hose for air supply from the main

РД - pressure regulator

DR - choke

PR1, PR2 - pneumatic valve

Г - pneumatic silencer

P1, P2 - pressure switch

X1, X2, X3 - connectors

Mn - pressure gauge

K - collector

The essence of the proposed model is as follows.

The pantograph includes (see Fig. 1) a base (1), a lightweight lower movable frame (2) and an upper movable frame (3), made of aluminum alloys, a lower link (4), a synchronizing rod (5), a current collector unit (6 ) and a lifting and lowering mechanism, including an air spring (7), lifting rods (14) and sleeves of pneumatic lines (A, B, C) (Fig. 2).

The lower movable frame (2) is hingedly connected to: the base (1), the upper movable frame (3), the lower link (4) and the synchronizing link (5). The base (1) with the lower movable frame (2), the upper movable frame (3) and the lower link (4) form a mechanism operating as a movable parallelogram and provide vertical movement of the current collector unit (6) at any height of the current collector rise. A rod (8) is installed on the upper movable frame (3), to which the current collection unit (6) is attached.

The collector assembly (6) includes a skid (9), carriages (10) and shear pins (11). The carriage (10) consists of a stationary part located on a rod (8) and a part movable in the vertical direction. On the movable part of the carriage (10), shear pins (11) are fixed, on which a skid (9) is installed.

The mechanism for lifting the movable frames (2) and (3) includes an air spring (7) with a flange (12) attached to the base (1). The other end of the air spring (7) rests on the bracket (13) and by means of two lifting rods (cables) (14), each of which rests on three guide rollers of different diameters (19), is connected to the lower movable frame (2). The energy capacity of the air spring (7), when air is injected into it with working pressure, is sufficient to lift the lower (2) and upper (3) frames and press the runner (9) with a given force against the contact wire.

To control the pantograph operation, a control unit is used, which consists of two modules, one of which is pneumatic (15) located on the pantograph, and the second - electropneumatic - in the body of the EPS. The modules are interconnected by air insulating sleeves.

The base (1) can be installed on the support insulators (16).

The proposed design of the pantograph provides not only the regular lifting and lowering of the current-collecting unit (6), but also an emergency one for various situations, as well as the mode of increased static pressure of the runner (9) on the contact wire during the icy period.

To carry out regular and emergency lifting and lowering of the pantograph, as well as the mode of increased static pressing, manometers, pressure regulators, pneumatic valves, pressure switches, throttles, pneumatic silencers, etc. can be used. device (see Fig. 2).

In particular, for the abnormal lowering of the current-collecting unit (6) caused by the breakdown of the runner (9) from the carriages (10), the current-collecting unit (b) is equipped with a shear pin (11).

The shear pin (11) (Fig. 3) is a calibrated hollow steel (grade CT10) cylindrical body (roller) with an air channel (20). In the body of the shear pin (11), two grooves (21) are made and on one of the ends of the pin there is a thread (22). The runner (9) rests on both sides on the grooves (21) in the shear pins (11). An air line sleeve is connected to the thread (22).

When the runner (9) is torn off from the carriages (10), the shear pin (11) collapses in the thinnest part of the finger's body - grooves (21), due to which compressed air escapes through the destroyed shear pin (11), the pressure of compressed air in line B falls, the P2 pressure switch is triggered, closes the PR2 pneumatic valve, the pantograph goes down.

The priority of the shear pin (11) fracture in comparison with the runner (9) is due to the fact that the magnitude of the impulse required to destroy the runner (9) is greater than the shear pin (11) destruction impulse.

For emergency lowering of the pantograph, caused by the skid (9) reaching a height of 7000 mm above the level of the rail head, a PR1 pneumatic valve is used, on the rod of which, when the axis of the lower movable frame (2) is rotated, the bar (18), rigidly fixed to the yoke of the lower frame shaft (2 ), and which (PR1) when triggered, opens and compressed air from the pneumatic spring (7) through the throttle DR and the manifold K enters the pressure switch P1, which closes the contacts and closes the pneumatic valve PR2, and the pantograph is lowered.

To adjust the mode of increased static pressing of the runner (9) on the contact wire, by adjusting the pressure regulator RD, the static pressing of the pantograph is increased to the required value, which is controlled by the pressure gauge Mn.

On the lower movable frame (2) are fixed guide rollers (19) (Fig. 1), which have different diameters, due to which the required static characteristic of the pantograph is provided. Rollers 19 and two more on each side are needed to create a tangent (involute), on which the lifting rods 14 (cable) lie. This involute provides the required static characteristic.

You can use one lifting rod (14), but two rods ensure greater reliability of the pantograph compared to one due to the uniform distribution of the tensile force in them and exclude the skew of the air spring (7) in the horizontal plane.

In the hinges of the upper frame (3) (Fig. 4), sleeve bearings (23) with a Teflon coating are used, which provide a lower coefficient of friction than others.

The pantograph works as follows.

In the folded position of the pantograph, there is no pressure in the air spring (7). The movable frames (2) and (3), as well as the rods (4) and (5), are held in the folded position by their own weight and the weight of the current collector unit (6), supported by the upper frame (3) on rubber buffers (17).

By control from the driver's cab, when voltage is applied to contacts 1 and 2 of connector X1 (Fig. 2), a pneumatic valve PR2 opens and compressed air from line M through the pressure regulator RD and manometer Mn enters line A, then through throttle DR and manifold K into line B , as well as in the air spring (7), in which the compressed air pressure due to the pressure regulator of the RD becomes lowered to the level necessary to ensure the required static pressing of the pantograph. The pantograph is lifted up to the stop of the runner (9) in the contact wire.

When the voltage is removed from contacts 1 and 2 of the X1 connector, the PR2 pneumatic valve closes, the movable frames (2) and (3) with the current collector unit 6, as well as the rods (4) and (5) are added, compressing the pneumatic spring (7), the air from which passes through line A, pressure gauge Mn and out through the pressure regulator RD into the atmosphere. The compressed air remaining in the line in the section between the pressure regulator of the RD and the pneumatic valve PR2 comes out through the muffler G of the pneumatic valve PR2, which ensures a reduced noise level of the outgoing air.

When the ERS moves, the pantograph provides current collection from the contact wire at a height of the latter within up to 7000 mm above the level of the rail head. If the runner (9) exceeds the height of 7000 mm (critical height) above the level of the rail head, the bar (18), rigidly fixed to the yoke of the lower frame shaft (2), moves, presses the rod of the PR1 pneumatic valve, which opens, and compressed air along line C enters the pressure switch P1. The P1 pressure switch is triggered, while contacts 1 and 3 of the X2 connector, connected to the EPS control circuit, close and provide information to the driver, and also close the PR2 pneumatic valve, movable frames (2) and (3) with a current-collecting unit 6, as well as rods ( 4) and (5) are added, compressing the air spring (7), the air from which passes through the line A, the manometer Mn and exits through the pressure regulator RD into the atmosphere.

When the runner (9) collides with the misaligned elements of the contact network, the shear pin (11) is destroyed. Compressed air comes out through the destroyed shear pin (11), the pressure of compressed air in line B drops, the pressure switch P2 is triggered, while contacts 1 and 3 of the X3 connector, connected to the ERS control circuit, close and send information to the driver, and also close the pneumatic valve PR2 , the movable frames (2) and (3) with the collector assembly 6, as well as the rods (4) and (5) are folded, compressing the air spring (7), the air from which passes through the line A, the manometer Mn and exits through the pressure regulator RD into atmosphere. The throttle DR ensures the absence of false alarms of the pressure switch P2 when the pressure of compressed air in the line B decreases, which is possible when the air spring (7) is stretched during the current collection process.

In an icy period, to start the ERS, from the driver's cab, the pressure regulator of the RD increases the pressure of compressed air in the pneumatic spring (7) to the required value, which is controlled by the pressure gauge Mn, raise and lower the pantograph three times, knocking ice off the skid of the pantograph and the contact wire after which the pressure regulator of the RD restores the nominal pressure of compressed air in the pneumatic spring (7) and the EPS starts to move.

As follows from the description of the claimed asymmetric pantograph, it has a lifting system for lightweight movable frames based on a pneumatic spring. The claimed pantograph provides for an emergency system for lowering the movable frames, in particular, when the runner breaks off the carriages or when the runner reaches a height of 7000 mm above the level of the rail head, as well as the ability to control from the driver's cab the magnitude of pressing the pantograph on the contact wire during an icy period, which increases safety operation of the current collector, and also improves the quality of the current collection.

Claims (10)

1. Pantograph electric rolling stock, containing: base; a current-collecting unit including a bar, a runner, carriages and shear fingers, in which the stationary part of each carriage is placed on the said bar, the shear fingers are fixed on the movable part of the carriage, and the runner is mounted on the shear fingers; lower and upper lightweight movable frames made of aluminum-based alloy, where the lower movable frame is pivotally connected to the base, and the upper movable frame is pivotally connected to the lower movable frame and the current collection unit; lower link; synchronizing thrust; a lifting and lowering mechanism of the lower and upper movable frames, including an air spring with pneumatic lines, where the air spring is fixed on the base and connected to the lower movable frame by means of lifting rods and a control unit. 2. Pantograph according to claim 1, in which the control unit includes manometers, pressure regulators, pneumatic valves, pressure switches, throttles and pneumatic silencers. 3. Pantograph according to claim. 2, in which the control unit includes pneumatic valves and pressure switches, providing emergency lowering of the pantograph when the critical height of the runner is reached with respect to the rail head. 4. Pantograph according to claim. 2, in which the control unit includes pneumatic valves and pressure switches providing emergency lowering of the pantograph when the shear pin is destroyed. 5. The pantograph according to claim 1, in which said shear pin is made in the form of a hollow cylindrical body with grooves for installing a runner and an end thread for connecting to a line. 6. Pantograph according to claim. 1, in which in the nodes of attachment of the said rod to the upper movable frame, sliding bearings with a Teflon coating are installed. 7. The pantograph according to claim 1, in which the air spring is fixed on the base with an extension beyond the dimensions of the lower and upper movable frames. 8. Pantograph according to claim. 1, in which the upper and lower lightweight movable frames are made of alloys based on aluminum. 9. The pantograph according to claim 1, wherein the base is provided with a rubber buffer. 10. The pantograph according to claim 1, in which rollers with different diameters are installed on the lower movable frame, made with the possibility of placing on them lifting rods.

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