RU199554U1 - Multi-layer building panel - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of construction, namely to building panels, and can be used for the construction of buildings and structures, fences, soundproof screens, mobile structures. The panel contains a load-bearing layer (1) made of lightweight concrete and an inner insulating layer (2), a sound-absorbing layer (3) of fibrous material, a protective layer (4) of acoustically transparent material and a first outer layer (5 ), made perforated. On the other side of the carrier layer (1) is a second outer layer (6). The technical result is to improve the acoustic properties of the panel. 8 p.p. f-crystals, 3 dwg., 3 ex.

Description

[01] Technical field

[02] The utility model relates to the field of construction, namely to building panels, and can be used for the construction of buildings and structures, fences, noise screens, mobile structures.

[03] State of the art

[04] The traditional construction of a building soundproofing panel is a frame in which stone wool is inserted, sheathed with metal sheets on the sides.

[05] The use of building panels with a load-bearing layer of lightweight concrete is justified and cost-effective, since lightweight concrete, on the one hand, has good sound insulation, heat-saving and load-bearing properties, and on the other hand, it is a cheaper material than, for example, stone wool ... Thus, the use of lightweight concrete makes it possible to use a thinner layer of cotton wool or to abandon its use, reducing the cost of the product while maintaining operational properties. At the same time, the specified panel has the best strength characteristics, which makes it possible to exclude reinforcing elements, frames and additional internal partitions from the structure and makes it possible to use the panel not only in the construction of noise protection screens.

[06] The closest analogue of the claimed utility model is a multilayer building panel disclosed in the publication of the Chinese application CN205035932, 17.02.2016. The specified panel includes sequentially placed layers: a carrier layer of aerated concrete, an insulating layer of mineral wool, and one outer layer of FRP fiberglass, consisting of fiberglass cast resin. These layers are glued together with an adhesive.

[07] The disadvantage of this analogue is that the panel has low sound absorption characteristics, because sound reflects off the outer layer of fiberglass instead of absorbing. A significant disadvantage is also that aerated concrete is not protected from moisture that accumulates in stone wool under the influence of the external environment. The accumulation of water in aerated concrete leads to its destruction.

[08] Disclosure of the essence of the utility model

[09] The main technical problem to be solved by the claimed utility model is the development of an inexpensive building panel based on lightweight concrete with improved acoustic properties, strength characteristics and a long service life.

[010] The technical result of the utility model is to improve the acoustic properties of the panel.

[011] The specified technical result is achieved in the utility model due to the fact that the multilayer building panel contains a load-bearing layer of lightweight concrete and a sound-absorbing layer of fibrous material, a protective layer of acoustically transparent material and a first outer layer, which are sequentially placed on one side relative to the support, the first outer layer is made perforated, and an inner insulating layer is placed between the carrier layer and the sound-absorbing layer.

[012] In addition, in order to achieve the technical result, particular options for implementing the utility model are provided, according to which:

[013] - the panel contains a second outer layer, placed on the other side of the carrier layer,

[014] - the layers of the panel are held together by means of adhesive interlayers,

[015] - the first outer layer and the second outer layer are combined into a closed hollow contour, inside which all the layers of the panel are located, and this contour provides a tight connection of all layers of the panel;

[016] - to connect the panels to each other, fasteners in the form of a thorn and a groove in the form of a polygon are placed on its end parts;

[017] - the tongue and groove additionally have elements in the shape of a circle;

[018] - the outer layers of the panel are profiled with stiffening ribs;

[019] - the outer layers of the panel have protruding elements extending into the depth of the panel,

[020] - the carrier layer has reinforcement.

[021] Unlike the closest analogue, in the construction under consideration, the outer layer is made perforated, which improves the sound-absorbing properties of the panel. At the same time, an inner insulating layer is additionally introduced to protect the carrier layer from moisture ingress through the perforations in the outer layer and the fibrous sound-absorbing layer.

[022] It should be noted that all these layers provide the achievement of the technical result, which consists in improving the acoustic properties of the panel. Thus, the presence of layers of lightweight concrete and a fibrous sound-absorbing layer directly improves the acoustic characteristics of the panel, and the use of insulating, protective and outer layers protects these layers from the external environment, which can lead to a deterioration in acoustic characteristics due to destruction or swelling of the layers.

[023] Brief Description of the Drawings

[024] The utility model is illustrated by drawings, where:

Figure 1 schematically shows the structure of the claimed panel;

Figure 2 shows a first preferred embodiment of the structure;

Figure 3 shows a second preferred embodiment of the structure;

[025] Structural elements and other objects are indicated in the figures by the following numbers:

1 - carrier layer

2 - inner insulating layer

3 - sound-absorbing layer;

4 - protective layer;

5 - the first outer layer;

6 - the second outer layer;

7 - thorn;

8 - groove.

[026] Implementation of the utility model

[027] The multilayer building panel includes a carrier layer (1) on one side of which there are sequentially placed: an inner insulating layer (2), a sound-absorbing layer (3), a protective layer (4) and a first outer layer (5). Alternatively, a second outer layer (6) can be placed.

[028] The support layer (1) is the basis of the building panel. The layer is made of lightweight concrete with a density of 100 to 2000 kg / m ³ . In particular, cellular concrete is used, for example, aerated concrete, aerated concrete or concrete with a variotropic structure. If necessary, this layer (1) can be reinforced. Also, the layer (1) can be wrapped in a polymer film, in particular in a polyethylene, cellophane or polyvinyl chloride film.

[029] The inner insulating layer (2) is in contact with the carrier layer and is designed to protect it from moisture ingress. Layer (2) can be made of metal, polymer, in particular plastic (plastic), thermosetting plastic, thermoplastic, polyethylene, cellophane, or a composite, in particular fiberglass.

[030] The sound-absorbing layer (3) is in contact with the inner insulating layer (2) and is made of fibrous material, in particular, mineral wool, stone wool, glass wool, basalt wool.

[031] The protective layer (4) contacts the sound absorbing layer and protects it from damage, and also prevents its deformation through the perforation of the outer layer (5). The protective layer (4) is made of an acoustically transparent woven or non-woven material. As a material, canvases made of polymer, basalt or glass filaments, as well as polyester, polypropylene, or polyethylene fibers, for example, geotextiles, can be used.

[032] The first outer layer (5) is in contact with the backing layer (4) and is intended to cover the panel. To improve the sound absorption properties, the first outer layer (5) is perforated.

[033] The second outer layer (6) is located on the other side of the carrier layer (1) and contacts it. In this case, the panel can be made without the second outer layer (6) if one of the sides of the panel is not exposed to the environment.

[034] The first and second outer layers (5) and (6) of the panel are made of metal, polymer, in particular plastic (thermoplastic or thermosetting plastic), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), or a composite, in particular fiberglass, FRP (glass fiber reinforced plastic).

[035] According to the first embodiment (Fig. 2), the layers (1), (2), (3), (4), (5) and (6) of the panel are connected by means of adhesive interlayers. At the same time, on the edges of the outer layers (5) and (6) of the panel, two spikes (7) and two grooves (8) are formed on opposite sides of the panel, allowing the panels to be joined together.

[036] If it is impossible to use adhesive interlayers, the connection of the layers of the panel to each other can be carried out by combining the outer layers (5) and (6) into a single contour, covering both the side and end sides of the panel (Fig. 3). Thus, at least two additional outer layers are provided, located perpendicular to the carrier layer (1), which are produced in a single profile or assembled into a single profile from several parts. This profile holds all inner layers (1,2,3,4) together. In this case, on the end sides of the profile there is a protrusion in the form of a spike (7) and a depression in the form of a groove (8) to ensure the locking connection of the panels to each other. The tongue-and-groove connection profile can have the shape of a rectangle, triangle, part of a circle, polygon, a combination of these shapes, etc.

[037] The outer layers (5,6) of the panel can be profiled, corrugated, have stiffening ribs or protrusions deepening into the inner layers.

[038] The panel can be manufactured by methods known to those skilled in the art. In particular, the outer layers (5) and (6) are produced by pultrusion (for fiberglass), extrusion (for plastic), or cold rolling (for metal) with a possible polymer coating. The first outer layer (5) is perforated before assembly. In the case of panel assembly according to the first design option (Fig. 2), the layers (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) are sequentially glued together using an adhesive. When assembling the panel according to the second design option (Fig. 3), the outer layers are assembled into a single hollow profile at the locking joints, or a single hollow panel profile is immediately produced. Layers (2), (3) and (4) are installed inside the profile. Then lightweight concrete is poured into the profile. After the concrete hardens (1), the ends are sealed.

[039] Example.1

[040] A sound-absorbing panel was produced according to the claimed utility model, which includes sequentially placed layers: a second outer layer (6) of galvanized metal 0.8 mm thick, a bearing layer (1) of aerated concrete 100 mm thick, an inner insulating layer (2) of galvanized metal 0.5 mm thick, sound-absorbing layer (3) of stone wool 40 mm thick, protective layer (4) of geotextile 0.4 mm and the first and second outer layers (5.6) of galvanized metal 0.8 mm with polymer coating. Such a panel showed a sound insulation index of 48 dB.

[041] Example 2.

[042] A sound-absorbing panel was produced according to the claimed utility model, which includes sequentially placed layers: a carrier layer (1) of foam concrete 70 mm thick, an inner insulating layer (2) of plastic with a thickness of 3 mm, a sound-absorbing layer (3) of stone wool 40 mm thick, a protective layer (4) made of geotextiles with a thickness of 0.4 mm and the first and second outer layers (5,6) of plastic with a thickness of 3 mm. Such a panel showed a sound insulation index of 46 dB.

[043] Example 3

[044] A sound-absorbing panel was produced according to the claimed utility model, which includes sequentially placed layers: a second outer layer (6) made of fiberglass with a thickness of 3mm, a supporting layer (1) made of foam concrete 78mm thick, an inner insulating layer (2) made of fiberglass with a thickness of 1mm, sound-absorbing a layer (3) of stone wool 25 mm thick, a protective layer (4) of glass fabric with a thickness of 0.3 mm and the first and second outer layers (5.6) of fiberglass with a thickness of 3 mm. Such a panel showed a sound insulation index of 42 dB. A similar traditional panel with a thickness of 120mm has a sound insulation rate of 28-34dB, which is almost a third less.

[045] Thus, the claimed panel design has the following advantages:

[046] - The panel has improved acoustic performance.

[047] - The panel has improved strength, rigidity and load-bearing capacity compared to structures based on mineral wool with a frame

[048] - The base layer of concrete is not subject to shrinkage, unlike stone wool.

[049] - The proposed combination of layers allows you to simplify the design and abandon the use of reinforcing elements, internal partitions, frames, threaded connections and joints.

[050] - The design allows to reduce the thickness of the layer of expensive fibrous material, replacing it with a cheaper material, which reduces the cost of the panel,

[051] - The structure is protected from the corrosive effects of the external environment, including from the destruction of the bearing layer when moisture enters.

[052] - Taking into account the above advantages, the panel has an increased service life and greater operational reliability.

Claims (9)

1. A multi-layer building panel containing a load-bearing layer (1) of lightweight concrete and a sound-absorbing layer (3) of fibrous material, a protective layer (4) of acoustically transparent material and a first outer layer (5), placed in series on one side of the support layer, characterized in that the first outer layer (5) is made perforated, and an inner insulating layer (2) is placed between the carrier layer (1) and the sound-absorbing layer (3). 2. Panel according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a second outer layer (6) located on the other side of the carrier layer (1). 3. Panel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the layers of the panel are held together by means of adhesive interlayers. 4. Panel according to claim 2, characterized in that the first outer layer (5) and the second outer layer (6) are combined into a closed hollow contour, inside which all the layers of the panel are located, and this contour provides a tight connection of all layers of the panel. 5. Panel according to claim 2, characterized in that to connect the panels to each other, fasteners in the form of a thorn (7) and a groove (8) in the form of a polygon are placed on its end parts. 6. Panel according to claim 5, characterized in that the tongue (7) and the groove (8) additionally have elements in the shape of a circle. 7. Panel according to claim 2, characterized in that the outer layers of the panel are profiled with stiffening ribs. 8. Panel according to claim 2, characterized in that the outer layers of the panel have protruding elements extending into the depth of the panel. 9. Panel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the carrier layer has reinforcement.

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