RU198854U1 - PERMANENT MAGNET LINEAR ELECTRIC POWER GENERATOR - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of electrical machines that convert mechanical reciprocating movements of permanent magnets relative to the stator windings into alternating electric current. The required technical result, which consists in increasing the power and quality of the generated energy, is achieved in a generator containing a magnetic circuit with electric windings located on it and a first chamber installed in it, in which there is an armature with permanent magnets, made with the possibility of movement by acting on it on different the sides of the rods from the corresponding pair of pistons, as well as three chambers similar to the first, which are connected to it through channels in the flange plates hydraulically in series, and the rods used for the corresponding pistons are made with the possibility of connecting through the seal blocks with the pistons of the external engine, and the gaps of each chamber are filled with a lubricating fluid. 4 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of electrical machines that convert the mechanical reciprocating movements of permanent magnets relative to the stator windings into alternating electric current, and can be used in the electric power industry as an autonomous or emergency source of electrical energy, in hybrid electric vehicles as a source of electrical energy, in systems unconventional energy, etc.

Known linear alternator [SU 752652, H2K 35/02, 07/30/1980], containing a stationary magnetic system and an armature in the form of a plate of electrically conductive material, placed in a chamber filled with liquid metal, to which the electrodes are adjacent, while the chamber is made in the form a closed hydraulic circuit of channels connected in series with liquid metal, each of which has its own plate of electrically conductive material.

The disadvantage of the device is its technological complexity and relatively high weight, which is due to the use of liquid metal in the structure.

Also known is an alternating current generator [RU 2173499, C2, Н02K 35/02, 10.09.2001], containing a hollow cylindrical supporting body, stator windings installed inside it with magnetic circuits, two end walls, one of which has a central hole, and an anchor, made in the form of an annular magnet with pole pieces, rigidly fixed on an axis inserted into the hole of one of the walls, and installed with the possibility of performing together with the axis of reciprocating movements relative to and inside the stator windings, while the body and its end walls are made of non-magnetic material, and the sections of the pole pieces of the armature facing the stator windings are made sharpened with the possibility of concentrating magnetic lines of force on them.

The disadvantage of this device is the armature stroke limited by the size of the coils, during the movement of which the magnetic flux penetrates only part of the turns of the winding of the coils, which causes significant dispersion of the magnetic field. The disadvantage is also the complexity of the design, requiring complex pole pieces.

In addition, a technical solution is known [RU 2494521, C2, Н02K 35/02, 09/27/2013], which contains a stator with a coil and an armature, in which the protrusions of the poles of the magnetic cores in the initial state are located opposite each other in pairs, and, in each of the mentioned steam, one of the poles is divided into two parts by means of a permanent magnet, partially forming a protrusion, the magnetization vector of which is co-directional with the movement of the armature.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is an even more limited armature stroke and, in addition, since the magnets are located with an edge to the pole pieces, in order to achieve the declared magnetic induction between the pole protrusions in the gap, magnets with large mass and dimensional characteristics are needed, which increases the mass, size and cost of the generator and reduces its efficiency. The disadvantage is also the complexity of the design, which requires the use of magnetic circuits of complex shape.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed one is a linear generator of electrical energy on permanent magnets [RU 168348, U1, H2K 35/02, 30.012014], containing a stator, coils with split O-shaped cores, fixed on a non-magnetic panel attached to the generator frame, installed on the base, with fixed guides along which the couplings slide, connected to the cassette in which the magnets are placed, moving between the stator coils.

The disadvantage of the closest technical solution is a relatively narrow field of application, which does not allow its use without additional modifications in systems where, in particular, multi-cylinder engines can serve as a source of energy, as well as, if necessary, create more powerful linear generators. In addition, the closest technical solution does not eliminate such a disadvantage as the lack of means that provide mechanical balance of the action of counter-moving pistons, which reduces the quality characteristics of the generated energy. Relatively effective cooling of the generator armatures is also not provided, which also leads to a decrease in the quality of the generated energy and reduces the reliability of the device.

All this narrows the arsenal of technical means that can be used as linear generators of electrical energy.

The objective of this utility model is to expand the arsenal of technical means that can be used as powerful linear generators of electrical energy and to create a permanent magnet generator, which eliminates the above disadvantages.

The required technical result is to increase the power and quality of the generated energy.

The problem is solved, and the required technical result is achieved by the fact that in a linear generator of electric energy on permanent magnets, containing a magnetic circuit with electric windings on it and a first chamber installed in it, in which there is an armature with permanent magnets, made with the possibility of movement by means of the action on it on opposite sides of the rods from the corresponding pair of pistons, characterized in that three chambers are introduced, similar to the first, which are connected to it through channels in the flange plates hydraulically in series, moreover, the rods used for the corresponding pairs of pistons are made with the possibility of connecting through seal blocks with pistons of an external engine, and the gaps of each of the chambers are filled with lubricant.

The drawing shows:

in fig. 1 - linear generator of electric energy on permanent magnets, general view;

in fig. 2 - a linear generator of electrical energy on permanent magnets, in section;

in fig. 3 - oscillogram of the voltage at the generator output at no-load;

in fig. 4 - oscillogram of the voltage at the output of the generator with the connected load.

Linear generator of electrical energy on permanent magnets (hereinafter referred to as "generator") is formed by four parallel chambers 1, which are connected hydraulically in series at the ends through channels in the flange plates 2.

The magnetic circuit 3 of the generator, consisting of four sections, forms in the chambers 1 four "active" volumes in which the armatures 4 with magnets 5. The armatures 4 are connected to the rods 6, which are made with the possibility of connecting through the blocks 8 of the seal with the pistons of the external engine, and the gaps of each of the chambers 1 are filled with mineral oil to ensure mechanical balance under the action of counter-moving pistons to improve the quality characteristics of the generated electricity, as well as to increase the efficiency of cooling the generator armatures and, on this basis, to improve the quality of the generated electricity and increase the reliability of the device.

In the electric windings 7 located on the magnetic circuit 3, an electric current is generated at the required voltage. The armatures 4 are connected with the pistons 9 of the engine by means of rods 6 passing through the seal blocks 8.

The engine, in relation to which the design of the generator has been developed, consists of two four-cylinder blocks and systems for the working fluid inlet and outlet, fuel supply, starting and cooling.

The high specific volumetric energy intensity (kW / m) of such installations leads to the predominant use of a liquid cooling system, both a generator and an engine, which is relatively simple to implement structurally.

The process of obtaining electrical energy is as follows.

In an engine operating on a two-stroke cycle with loop purging, the fuel mixture entering the cylinders is compressed to compression ratios that allow it to ignite. After stopping the piston 9, the working fluid, the enthalpy of which increases during fuel combustion, expands, performs work that goes to generate electrical energy by the generator, compresses the working fluid in the opposite cylinder and provides compensation for dissipative losses. The armatures 4 of the generator, containing magnets oppositely oriented along the vector of magnetic induction, when moving in the gaps of the magnetic circuit 3, create an alternating magnetizing force, which is summed up from four armatures 4. Accordingly, an alternating magnetic flux is induced in the magnetic circuit 3, and, in accordance with the law of electromagnetic induction , in the electric windings 7 surrounding the magnetic circuit 3, an electromotive force is generated, and when a load is connected to them, an electric current flows. Obviously, the frequency of the generated current in this design is equal to the frequency of mechanical vibrations of the armature 4.

The proposed generator, in contrast to generators with a rotating armature, has orders of magnitude shorter transient times, at the level of the oscillation period (~ 10 ^-2 s). This circumstance is decisive in the development of starting and regulation systems. For this, two variants of starting systems are implemented - pneumatic and electric. In the first version, when the pistons are set to the extreme positions, high pressure air is supplied to the engine cylinders through a high-speed solenoid valve, which ensures starting.

The oscillogram of the voltage at the generator output in idle mode during pneumatic start is shown in Fig. 3.

When using an electric start, the generator is switched to engine mode when voltage is supplied to the output terminals from the electric start system with a frequency synchronized with the frequency of the armature oscillations. The oscillogram of this trigger mode is shown in Fig. 4.

Thus, thanks to the introduced improvements, the proposed device achieves the required technical result, which consists in increasing the power and quality of the generated energy, as well as the reliability of the generator.

Claims (1)

Linear generator of electrical energy on permanent magnets, containing a magnetic circuit with electrical windings located on it and a first chamber installed in it, in which there is an armature with permanent magnets, made with the possibility of movement by acting on it on opposite sides of the rods from the corresponding pair of counter-moving pistons , characterized in that three chambers are introduced, similar to the first, which are connected to it through channels in the flange plates hydraulically in series, and the rods used for the corresponding pairs of pistons are made with the possibility of connecting through the seal blocks with the pistons of the external engine, and the gaps of each the chambers are filled with lubricating fluid.

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