RU198759U1 - DRAGLINE EXCAVATOR BUCKET - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to mining machines, namely to the working equipment of a dragline excavator, and is designed for the excavation and movement of rock mass in mining enterprises by an open method. The bucket of a dragline excavator includes the bottom, jaw with teeth, cheeks, side walls, rear wall, arch , elements of the load-bearing frame, including stiffeners located on the rear and side walls, corner protective plates located on the side walls and the bottom, protective skids located inside the bucket between the side walls and the bottom, and protective plates located on the outer surface of the bottom. In addition, the bottom, jaw, cheeks, side walls, elements of the power frame are made of wear-resistant steel. The wear-resistant steels are preferably 110G13, 110G13L, A3, 45 × 2NMFBA, Hardox, Raex, Fora, Xar, MiLux. The upper and lower lugs are made in the cheeks. Stiffening ribs and protective plates of the load-bearing frame can be made in both the longitudinal and transverse directions. The technical result is to prevent deformation and additional protection from abrasion of the main working elements when working in especially difficult conditions, ensuring the ability to withstand exceptional abrasive wear and sliding or blows. 7 p.p. f-ly, 3 dwg

Description

The utility model relates to mining machines, namely to the working equipment of a dragline excavator, and is designed for the excavation and movement of rock mass in mining enterprises by open method. The utility model can be used in stripping and other types of mining operations.

At present, the search for new technical solutions aimed at the development and creation of modern domestic models of equipment, including those related to the main working bodies of mining equipment, subject to rapid wear, for example, excavator buckets, remains relevant.

One of the types of bucket for excavator-dragline model ESh-10/70 is widely known, the welded body of which includes a bottom with a visor cast in one piece with the teeth, back and side walls, to which the bucket arch is rigidly attached (R.Yu. Poderny “Mining machines and complexes for open work ", 3rd edition, vol. 1, M. Publishing house of the Moscow State Mining University, 1998, p. 207, Fig. 9.5).

Such a bucket has disadvantages in terms of reliability. The current requirements for increasing the turnaround time during the operation of the equipment cause changes in the design of the bucket, in terms of increasing the wear resistance against abrasion on the ground and increasing the resource of the product.

The second type of dragline bucket is known (author's certificate SU No. 1021725, publ. 07.06.1983), which contains side walls, a rear wall with a window, to the top of which a flexible apron, a bottom, a cutting visor is attached. The cutting visor is pivotally mounted on an axis rigidly fixed to the side walls, and by means of flexible connections is connected to the lower part of the flexible apron, while the side walls have limiters for the rotation of the visor.

The disadvantages of this analogue are the absence of deformation obstacles and additional protection against abrasion of the main working elements, low productivity when working in dense soils, since the cutting part is made of a solid element that does not have teeth. This makes it very difficult to dig the bucket in dense soils.

Also known from the prior art is the bucket of a dragline excavator (patent for invention RU 2026931, publ. 20.01.1995), which contains a bottom, side and rear walls, an arch. The side and rear walls are made in the form of the edges of the truncated pyramids, connected to each other along the perimeters of large bases. The side walls of the arch are made converging at the top.

This bucket is not widely used, since the disadvantages of this analog are also the absence of deformation obstacles and additional protection against abrasion of the main working elements, strong adhesion of the rock mass in the corners of the truncated pyramids during unloading of the bucket. This affects the loss of volumes during excavation, due to stops of the excavator for additional cleaning of the bucket from the adhesion of rock mass. Also, the bucket has unsatisfactory performance characteristics - the bucket is not stable when scooping up rock mass.

There is a fourth type of dragline excavator bucket (patent for utility model RU 39147, publ. 20.07.2004), which is the closest analogue (prototype) to the claimed utility model. The bucket contains a bottom with a visor and teeth, rear and side walls, to which an arch is rigidly attached from above. The arch is made in the form of a U-shaped profile, and the bottom is equipped with a herringbone protective screen, represented by a central longitudinal beam with lateral ribs that overlap the bottom in the transverse direction; generally accepted and frequently used types of steel are used for its manufacture.

This technical solution does not provide an obstacle to deformation and additional protection against abrasion of the main working elements when working in especially difficult conditions, does not provide the ability to withstand exceptional abrasive wear and the effects of sliding or impacts.

The technical problem to be solved by the claimed utility model is the development of a new design of a dragline excavator bucket, which prevents deformation and provides additional protection against abrasion of the main working elements when working in especially difficult conditions, ensuring the ability to withstand exceptional abrasive wear and the effects of sliding or impacts.

The designated problem is solved due to the proposed utility model, according to which the bucket of a dragline excavator includes traditionally known design features, such as a bottom, a jaw with teeth, cheeks, side walls, a rear wall, an arch, and has distinctive features in comparison with analogues, such as , elements of the structural frame: stiffeners located on the rear and side walls; corner protective plates located on the side walls and bottom; protective skids located inside the bucket between the side walls and the bottom; protective plates located on the outer surface of the bottom.

In addition, the bottom, cheeks, side walls and structural members are preferably made of wear-resistant steel.

In addition, it is preferable if steels are used as wear-resistant steels: 110G13, 110G1L, armor steel of type A3, 45 × 2NMFBA, Hardox, Racx, Fora, Xar, MiLux.

In addition, it is preferable to provide upper and lower lugs in the cheeks.

In addition, it is preferable to make longitudinal stiffeners on the rear and side walls.

In addition, it is preferable to make transverse stiffeners on the rear and side walls.

In addition, it is preferable to provide longitudinally arranged protective plates on the outer surface of the bottom.

In addition, it is preferable to make transverse protective plates on the outer surface of the bottom.

The technical result obtained from the utility model consists in preventing deformation and additional protection against abrasion of the main working elements when working in especially difficult conditions, ensuring the ability to withstand exceptional abrasive wear and the effects of sliding or impacts.

The utility model is illustrated in more detail by drawings, which show the following:

fig. 1 - general view of the bucket;

fig. 2 - General view of the bucket from the rear wall;

fig. 3 is a bottom view of the bucket (bucket bottom).

In the drawings, the designated positions correspond to structural elements:

1 - bottom, 2 - jaw with teeth, 3 - cheek, 4 - rear wall, 5 - side walls, 6 - bucket mounting holes in the side walls, 7 - arch, 8 - chain apron, 9 - stiffeners, 10 - corner protective plates, 11 - protective skids, 12 - lugs, 13 - longitudinal protective plates.

The bucket contains a bottom 1, a jaw 2 assembled with teeth, cheeks 3 with lugs 12 for the possibility of changing the angle of attack of the bucket when working in soils of different density, a rear wall 4, side walls 5, in which mounting holes 6 are made necessary for mounting and dismounting bucket, arch 7 with lugs for fastening the unloading rope. In the rear wall, windows are made, in which a movable, chain apron 8 is placed to prevent adhesion of soil.

The bucket contains elements of the load-bearing frame, which includes:

stiffening ribs 9 located on the rear and side walls;

corner protective plates 10 located on the side walls and bottom;

protective skids 11 located inside the bucket between the side walls and the bottom;

protective plates 13 located on the outer surface of the bucket bottom.

Structural elements of the load-bearing frame (stiffeners, corner and protective plates, skids) prevent deformation and serve as additional protection against abrasion of the main working elements when working in especially difficult conditions.

Structural elements of the bucket - side walls, bottom, jaw, cheeks, structural elements of the frame are preferably made of high quality wear-resistant steel.

Such wear-resistant steels can be used, for example, such Russian grades as 110G13, 110G13L, armor steel of type A3, 45 × 2NMFBA, or foreign steel grades, for example, Hardox, Raex, Fora, Xar, MiLux.

The bucket works as follows.

During mining operations, the bucket surfaces interact with the rock mass. In the process of operation, the rear wall, bottom, side walls, cheeks, arch perceive the main load when scooping up the rock mass. During unloading, the bucket tilts vertically to the ground, teeth down. The elements of the load-bearing frame (stiffening ribs, corner and longitudinal protective plates, skids), preferably made of wear-resistant steel, additionally enhance the effect of preventing unacceptable deformation of the bucket elements and their wear from abrasion.

The execution of the main elements of the bucket and the elements of the load-bearing frame of wear-resistant steels provides additional protection against abrasion of the main working elements.

Wear-resistant steels are designed to withstand extreme operating conditions and are designed to withstand extreme abrasion and slip or shock. Wear-resistant steels have increased hardness due to the use in the composition of manganese and other alloying elements. Steel with such a composition is prone to intense work hardening.

The more superloads act on the element, causing stresses in the steel that are greater than its yield point, the more intensive the increase in its hardness and wear resistance occurs, with a standard high viscosity.

Ladle elements can be made of cold-hardened materials widely used in the domestic industry, for example, grade 110g13, and it is also possible to use grade 110g13l steel, which contains from 1 to 1.4 percent carbon, or made of high-manganese steel G13g13. Also, as part of the replacement of imported materials, the bucket elements can be made of A3 type armor steel, or 45 × 2NMFBA steel, which are more affordable, but are not inferior to analogues. Also, bucket elements can be made of foreign relatively wear-resistant steel grades such as Hardox, Raex, Fora, Xar, MiLux, which have proven themselves well in the mining industry.

The structural elements of the previously known buckets have traditionally been cast. The implementation of the structural elements of the ladle from wear-resistant steels, according to the proposed utility model, makes it possible to simplify the manufacturing process. Elements can be cut on a CNC plasma cutting machine. Then they are connected by welding as follows. The corner elements are welded to the rear wall 4, the side walls 5 and the bottom are welded to the corner elements. The jaw 2 with teeth and the cheeks 3 are welded to the bottom 1. The arch 7 is welded to the cheeks 3.

According to the claimed utility model, in the conditions of a mechanical repair plant, a dragline excavator bucket was manufactured, the structural elements of which were made of wear-resistant Hardox steel. At the same time, the bucket weight is reduced by 1700 kg, in comparison with the previously known bucket model ESH-10/70.

The presence of upper and lower lugs in the bucket cheeks is made for the possibility of changing the angle of attack of the cutting part, which makes it possible to operate this type of equipment when working in soils of different density.

The swivel of the pulling rope of the dragline excavator can be rearranged from the upper lugs of the cheek to the lower ones or vice versa, and thereby change the angle of attack of the bucket to the horizontal surface of the soil, the bottom of the excavator.

An important factor in the operation of a dragline excavator is its shift performance, which depends on the amount of rock mass moved by the excavator bucket from the bottom to the dump. Therefore, the choice of a lighter, and thus more spacious excavator working body is technically advantageous for mining enterprises using dragline excavators.

The amount of soil placed in the bucket depends on its shape and volume, as well as on the possibility of its self-cleaning when working with wet soil and at low temperatures.

All this, together, provides an obstacle to deformation and additional protection against abrasion of the main working elements when working in especially difficult conditions, ensuring the ability to withstand exceptional abrasive wear and the effects of sliding or impacts, which, in turn, allows to increase the volume and reduce the overhaul cycles of the excavator.

The increase in productivity is provided by reducing the weight of the bucket, and the possibility of increasing the volume and mass of the soil in the bucket, which is equal to the total weight of the previously used equipment (bucket). Thus, there is no increase in the load on the metal structure of the excavator boom.

The technical solution related to the design of the dragline excavator bucket, according to the claimed utility model, allows to reduce the total weight by eliminating powerful, heavy cast structural elements, replacing them with welded, but more durable parts made of wear-resistant steels. The presence of a load-bearing frame prevents deformation and provides additional protection against abrasion of the main working elements when working in especially difficult conditions, ensures the ability to withstand exceptional abrasive wear and the effects of sliding or shock.

Thus, the technical result is achieved.

Claims (8)

1. Bucket of a dragline excavator, including a bottom, a jaw with teeth, cheeks, side walls, a rear wall, an arch, characterized in that it contains elements of a power frame, including stiffeners located on the rear and side walls, corner protective plates located on side walls and bottom, protective skids located inside the bucket between the side walls and the bottom, protective plates located on the outer surface of the bottom. 2. The bucket according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom, cheeks, side walls and elements of the load-bearing frame are made, preferably, of wear-resistant steel. 3. A ladle according to claim 2, characterized in that the wear-resistant steels are preferably 110G13, 110G13L steel, A3 type armor, 45 × 2NMFBA, Hardox, Raex, Fora, Xar, MiLux. 4. The bucket according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper and lower eyes are made in the cheeks. 5. The bucket according to claim 1, characterized in that the stiffeners are located longitudinally on the rear and side walls. 6. The bucket according to claim 1, characterized in that the stiffeners are located transversely on the rear and side walls. 7. The bucket according to claim 1, characterized in that the protective plates are located longitudinally on the outer surface of the bottom. 8. The bucket according to claim. 1, characterized in that on the outer surface of the bottom, the protective plates are located transversely.

Images