RU196608U1 - SPREADER OF MINERAL AND CONCENTRATED ORGANIC FERTILIZERS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to devices for spreading fertilizers on the soil surface. The spreader of mineral and concentrated organic fertilizers consists of a running system, a body, side walls, a conveyor, a guide, a hydraulic cylinder, a metering device, a scattering device, and hinges with slides. For better fertilizer application along the width and direction of movement of the unit, moving nozzles with adjusting dampers with the possibility of changing the angle of inclination are used. EFFECT: improved distribution quality of mineral and concentrated organic fertilizers over the field surface characterized by the absence of dead zones. 3 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to devices for spreading fertilizers on the surface of the soil.

Known spreader of concentrated organic fertilizers [RF Patent No. 127281 IPC АСС 15/00, publ. 04/27/2013 Bull. 12] including a running system with a hopper mounted on it with a bottom conveyor, a metering device and a tap guide, a centrifugal rotor, two fans with air ducts, and rotary devices for air duct nozzles. The rotary devices are a rubber ring fixed between the duct and the air nozzle. The nozzle to the duct for controlling the flow of fertilizers transported by the air flow is a duct, divided inside by longitudinal vertical partitions into three equal parts, with the adjustment flaps placed in them. On the upper edge of the nozzle there are loading windows for feeding fertilizer into each part of it. The output end of the nozzle is made at an acute angle to the vertical, perpendicular to which there are installed vertical plates forming a block.

A design flaw is the incomplete unloading of fertilizers due to the formation of dead zones at the side walls and at the corners of the spreader body when fertilizing with various physical and mechanical properties.

The closest technical solution to the proposed utility model is a spreader of mineral and concentrated organic fertilizers [RF Patent for utility model No. 188930 MPK А01С 15/00, publ. April 29, 2019 Byul. 13 is a prototype] comprising a running system with a body mounted on it with two lateral movable walls, a bottom conveyor and fertilizer guides, four hydraulic cylinders, a metering device and scattering devices. Each side movable wall is fixed at the bottom with hinges. In the middle part (along the length) of the lateral movable walls, hydraulic cylinders are installed, by which, along the guide rails located on the front and rear walls of the body, it is possible to change the angle of inclination of the lateral movable walls to a vertical position.

The disadvantage of the design is the low quality distribution of concentrated organic fertilizers on the field surface, characterized by a high non-uniformity of application across the width and direction of movement of the unit.

The objective of this utility model is to improve the quality of the distribution of mineral and concentrated organic fertilizers over the field surface characterized by the absence of dead zones.

The task is achieved in that, in the process of unloading fertilizers with different physical and mechanical properties on the scattering device, the fans with air ducts are installed with the possibility of a rotation angle relative to the vertical axis to ensure high-quality fertilizer application on the field along the width and course of the unit.

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a spreader of mineral and concentrated organic fertilizers (rear view).

The spreader of mineral and concentrated organic fertilizers includes a suspension system 1 (Fig. 1) with a body 2 mounted on it with two lateral movable walls 3, a bottom conveyor 4 and a pressure guide 5, hydraulic cylinders 6, a metering device 7 and scattering devices in the form of a centrifugal disk 8. Each lateral movable wall 3 is fixed in the lower part by means of hinges 9. In the middle part (along the length) of the lateral movable walls 3, hydraulic cylinders 6 are installed, by means of which, along the guide rails 10, x on the front and rear walls of the body 2, it is possible to change the angle of inclination of the side walls 3 moving to a vertical position.

In the sidewalls of the body there are two fans 11 with rotary devices 13 fixed between the air ducts 12 and nozzles 14 of the air ducts 12, as well as a telescopic device including levers 18 (Fig. 2) and a hydraulic cylinder 17. The nozzles 14 are made with adjusting dampers 15 (Fig. 3 ) with the possibility of changing their angle of inclination by means of hydraulic cylinders 16.

The spreader of mineral and concentrated organic fertilizers works as follows.

Fertilizers are loaded into the body 2 (Fig. 1), the metering device 7 is installed in a position that ensures that the bottom conveyor 4 delivers the prescribed doses of fertilizer to the scattering device in the form of a centrifugal disk 8 and to the nozzles 14 through the guide 5.

When the unit moves along the field, when the power take-off shaft (PTO) is turned on, fertilizers from the body 2 through the metering device 7 by the bottom conveyor 4 are sent by three streams along the separator (not shown in the figure) to the fertilizer guide 5, and then fed to the scattering device in the form of a centrifugal disk 8 and to the nozzles 14. Depending on the selected spreading width of fertilizers, the rotary devices 13 are set to the required angle of inclination of the nozzles 14 to the field surface, by means of a telescopic device (Fig. 2), including hyd cylinder 17 and the levers 18. The adjustment valve 15 (FIG. 3) installed at the bottom of nozzle 14 at an angle to their base with the possibility of changing the angle of inclination of hydraulic cylinders 16, which provides the desired uniformity of fertilizer to the surface of the field.

Claims (1)

Spreader of mineral and concentrated organic fertilizers, consisting of a running system, a body, side walls, a conveyor, a guide, a hydraulic cylinder, a metering device, a scattering device, hinges with slides, characterized in that mobile fertilizers are used for better fertilizing along the width and direction of movement of the unit nozzles with adjusting dampers with the possibility of changing the angle of inclination.

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