RU196388U1 - SOUND-BEARING ADJUSTABLE FACING - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to construction and can be used in residential, public and industrial premises, mainly as an adjustable cladding installed on existing building envelopes with the ability to align with the insulated surface, as required by the project; the technical result of the proposed solution is the creation of a relatively inexpensive and easy to perform and install frameless soundproofing adjustable cladding, which can be set to the design position with an accuracy of 1 mm relative to the existing building envelope, and, if necessary, create an additional soundproofing layer in the form air gap of almost any width, which is specified by the project and / or is required in accordance with the calculations to ensure reliable fastening of the region Tsovk to the enclosing structure; is achieved by performing sound-insulating adjustable cladding, consisting of a front sublayer 1a, combined with it, at least one plane of the inner sublayer 1b combined, in turn, at least one plane with the back sublayer 1c; at least two nuts 3 glued to the inner sublayer 1b; at least two adjusting stops 4 and at least one dowel-nail 5.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to construction and can be used in residential, public and industrial premises, mainly as an adjustable cladding installed on existing building envelopes with the possibility of alignment with the insulated surface, as required by the project.

The prior art solution is known for the application for invention No. 2016139607 "Soundproof cladding, a system for its positioning and vibration-free mounting." This solution is a soundproof lining, consisting of a front layer 1, combined with it at least one plane of the back layer 2, while the front layer 1 contains at least one vibration-free plug 3 and at least two sockets 4a. The disadvantage of this solution is the complexity of manufacturing and installation, as well as the relatively high cost of the final product.

Other solutions, which are frameless soundproofing claddings with adjustable fastening, which could be installed with an accuracy of 1 mm in the design position with respect to existing enclosing structures, are not known to the applicant.

The technical result of the proposed solution is the creation of a relatively inexpensive and simple in execution and installation of a frameless soundproofing adjustable cladding, which can be set to the design position with an accuracy of 1 mm in relation to the existing building envelope. The proposed soundproofing adjustable cladding allows you to set the required or desired distance between the soundproofing cladding and the enclosing structure directly to the existing enclosing structure, the surface of which may have irregularities and / or not be pre-aligned to the design position: vertical, horizontal and / or inclined. Also, the proposed solution allows, if necessary, to create an additional soundproofing layer in the form of an air gap of almost any width, which is specified by the project and / or is required in accordance with the calculations. Moreover, the claimed system provides reliable fastening of the cladding to the building envelope. Further, in the text of the description, it should be understood that the term "claimed system", used for brevity, means precisely "a system consisting of a soundproof cladding and elements of its fastening to the existing building envelope."

The utility model is based on the task of developing such a system consisting of a soundproof cladding and a fastening system that would allow frameless, technologically advanced and reliable fastening of additional soundproof claddings to any existing enclosing structure with compensation for its irregularities and reasonable deviations from the design position. At the same time, such a system should provide the convenience of regulating the position of both a single soundproof lining and several soundproof lining without the need for their single or joint dismantling. Also, the use of the fastening system should allow creating, if necessary, an additional soundproofing layer in the form of an air gap with a width that is specified by the project and / or is required in accordance with the calculations, without the use of additional structures or building materials.

Theoretically, the proposed principle of adjustable fastening can also be used for frameless installation of not only additional soundproof claddings, but also any cladding designs (decorative, heat-insulating, etc.) having a thickness of 5 mm or more, regardless of the position and surface condition of the enclosing structure on which they are hung.

The achievement of the set technical result is achieved due to the next version of the soundproofing adjustable cladding.

Figures 1 and 2 show the existing building envelope (pos. 2) with a cladding of thickness δ1 installed on it with a given air gap of width δ and adjustable fastening (pos. 1), preferably consisting of a face sublayer (pos. 1a) of thickness δ1a, combined with it, at least one plane of the inner sublayer (pos. 1b) of thickness δ1b, which in turn is aligned with at least one plane with the back sublayer (pos. 1c) of thickness δ1b, and also at least two nuts (item 3) with a diameter of d3 and a thickness of δ3 glued into inner sublayer (item 1b); at least two adjusting (pulling) stops (pos. 4) with a diameter d4 and a length L4, which, if necessary, can be equipped with elastic tips (pos. 4a); and at least one “fungal” (hat) dowel-nail (item 5) with a diameter d5 and length L5, consisting of a “fungal” (hat) dowel (item 5a), whose “fungus” (hat) has a thickness of δ'5 and a diameter of d'5 and a nail (pos. 5b). At the same time, the “fungal” (hat) dowel-nail (pos. 5) is buried in the enclosing structure (pos. 2) to a depth of L'5, which is calculated based on the material of the enclosing structure (reinforced concrete, brick, gypsum concrete, gypsum concrete, foam concrete, gas silicate, etc.), (i.e., it is normalized depending on the wall material), and a recess (pos. 6) is provided in the front sublayer (pos. 1a), with a diameter of d6 ≥ d'5 and a depth of δ6 ≥ δ ' 5 for placement of the “fungus” (hat) in it, the nail dowel is flush with the outer plane of the sublayer (pos. 1a).

The presence in the structure of precisely two control stops (and corresponding to them at least two glued nuts) allows for the regulatory function; providing, due to changes in their relative position (greater or lesser screwing), the regulation of the cladding in the range from 1 to 200 mm.

The front sublayer (pos.1a) of the soundproof cladding is characterized by the vibration energy loss coefficient η1a and elastic modulus E1a, the inner sublayer (pos.1b) of the soundproof cladding is characterized by the vibrational energy loss coefficient η1b and elastic modulus E1b. These two sublayers are predominantly, but not necessarily, made of gypsum fiber sheets (GVL) and are predominantly positioned with a certain offset relative to each other in the plane of contact for the formation of the so-called “quarter” around the entire perimeter of the product, which ensures overlap of the joints to ensure penetration sealing sound through the seams.

The back sublayer (item 1c) of the soundproof lining, i.e. facing the enclosing structure (pos. 2), on which a soundproof cladding is hung, is characterized by a vibration energy loss coefficient η1в and elastic modulus Е1в, and is a plate of mainly, but not necessarily, basalt fiber with a bulk weight of ≥ 10 kg / m3.

In this case, the following conditions are desirable:

η1a <η1b and E1a> E1b;

η1b <η1c and E1b> E1c.

It is also possible to comply with one of the following ratios:

η1a = η1b and E1a = E1b;

η1a ≠ η1b and E1a ≠ E1b;

η1a = η1b and E1a ≠ E1b;

η1a ≠ η1b and E1a = E1b.

These ratios, which were found experimentally, positively affect the soundproofing qualities of the cladding and are preferred in the design and selection of specific materials.

The preferred embodiment of the shape of the front, inner and back sublayers is a sheet, that is, rectangular in plan and small in relation to the length and width of the plate height (which is geometrically a parallelepiped). Thus, when combining the sublayers are in contact with each other on the same plane. However, there are other options for the joint implementation of the forms of sublayers, in which one of them (which is not fundamental) can be made of another shape, for example, one in which one layer will be “embedded” in the other when combined, and thus, the alignment will occur along three or five planes.

For the manufacture of sublayers of a soundproofing panel, the following materials are mainly used: (it is also possible to use other materials similar in their properties and materials - the list below should not be considered closed).

a) The outer sublayer (pos. 1a):

Fiber cement sheet (FCL).

Glass Magnesium Sheet (LSU).

Gypsum particle board (GSP).

Cement-bonded particleboard (DSP).

Gypsum plasterboard (GKL).

Gypsum fiber sheet (GVL).

b) The inner sublayer (pos. 1b):

Gypsum plasterboard (GKL).

Gypsum fiber sheet (GVL).

Cooker SonoPlat.

Plate BackgroundStar.

c) The back sublayer (pos. 1c).

Basalt fiber board with a bulk density of ≥ 10 kg / m3.

Fiberglass plate with a bulk density of ≥ 10 kg / m3.

Artificial fiber board with a bulk density of ≥ 10 kg / m3.

Closed cell plate with a bulk density of ≥ 10 kg / m3.

It is also possible to use other materials similar in their properties. Therefore, the above list should not be construed as closed (exhaustive).

In FIG. 3 shows a soundproof panel with adjustable fastening, which in plan has a predominantly rectangular shape and dimensions (length x width) 1200 x 600 mm. It provides for the placement of 4 (four) adjusting (pulling) stops (pos. 4) and 8 (eight) mounts from standard “fungal” (hat) dowel nails (pos. 5), which is optimal for facing similar sizes.

The manufacture of a preferred embodiment of a soundproofing panel is carried out in five steps. This option is preferable, which does not mean that it is impossible to manufacture a soundproof panel in another way using other forms of elements.

Stage One. They make cutting of materials for the front, inner and back sublayers (pos. 1a, 1b, 1c, respectively) and mark out the holes that must be made in them.

Stage Two. In the locations of the adjusting (retracting) stops (pos. 4) in the inner sublayer (pos. 1b), through holes are made (mainly by drilling) with a diameter ≥ d3. In the same places in the front sublayer (pos. 1a) and the back sublayer (pos. 1c), through holes with a diameter ≥ d4 are made (mainly by drilling) for free passage of adjustment (pulling) stops (pos. 4) through them.

Stage Three. Advantageously, the face and inner layers are joined by bonding, and then the nuts prefabricated in the factory are inserted into the inside underlayer (item 1b) into the holes previously made in the layer below (item 1b) with a diameter of ≥ d3 (item 3). Nuts are mainly glued. The shape of the nuts in the plan is mainly round with a diameter of d3, and from the end - rectangular, preferably with a thickness of δ3 ≤ δ1b. In this case, the end face (outer edge) of each nut should preferably have a rough surface (notch, knurling, etc.) for better bonding (adhesion) with the material of the inner sublayer. Nuts are made of metal (for example, brass or steel) or solid polymer (plastic, dense artificial rubber), or a combination thereof. In this case, the pitch and type of internal thread of each nut should correspond to the pitch and type of thread of the stop (key 4). The type of glue is selected empirically. It depends on the materials of the sublayer (pos. 1b) and the nut.

The connection of the nut with the inner sublayer can be carried out in another way. For example, by screwing. In this case, the shape of each nut may be as shown in FIG. 4, i.e. have not only internal but also external threads, the type and pitch of which is selected based on the material of the inner sublayer. The connection of the nut with the inner sublayer can also be carried out by a combination of gluing and screwing methods.

Stage Four. Mostly, by gluing, they connect the inner (pos. 1b) and back (pos. 1c) sublayers. The type of glue is selected empirically.

Stage Five. In the places of installation of “fungal” (hat) dowel nails (item 5), through holes with a diameter of ≥ d4 are made in the soundproofing lining (mainly by drilling) for free passage of a thin part of the “fungal” (hat) dowel nails through them. Previously, in the same places, deepenings (pos. 6) are made in the facial sublayer with a diameter of d6 ≥ d’5 and a depth of δ6 ≥ δ’5 to place the “nail” dowels-hats (hats) flush with the front surface of the soundproof cladding.

The material for the manufacture of "fungal" (hat) dowel nails can be dense varieties of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide (nylon), as well as aluminum alloy, brass, stainless steel.

The length L5 of the “fungal” (hat) dowel nails is selected empirically, depending on the thickness of the soundproofing panel δ1, the width of the air gap and / or the roughness of the enclosing structure δ and the calculated penetration of the L’5 dowel nails into the enclosing structure.

Steps for installing a soundproof panel with adjustable mount:

First. The soundproofing panel is applied to the enclosing structure and, holding it, from the front sublayer side (pos. 1a), screw the adjusting (pulling) stops (pos. 4) into the nuts (pos. 3) until they come in contact with the enclosing structure (pos. 2).

Second. Check the soundproofing panel for its design position. In most cases, this position should be vertical (walls, partitions) or horizontal (ceilings). If the position of the soundproofing panel is not in accordance with the design, then by screwing / unscrewing the stops (pos. 4), it is brought into the design position.

Third. The soundproof panel is fastened to the enclosing structure using standard “fungal” (hat) dowel nails (item 5), after having preliminarily done (mainly by drilling) in the building structure (item 2), the corresponding recesses with a diameter of d5 to a depth of L'5. At the same time, the “fungi” (hats) of the dowel-nails are recessed into the nests (item 6) flush with the front surface of the soundproof panel.

After installation, a complex of finishing works is carried out in accordance with the project and the selected technology for their production.

The adjusting (pulling) stop (item 4) is preferably carried out in the factory from hard plastic, as well as from dense varieties of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide (nylon) and materials such as Sylomer or Nowelle. It is also possible to use metals (brass, aluminum alloys, etc.). If necessary, the emphasis is provided with an elastic shock-absorbing tip (item 4a), for the manufacture of which medium density rubber, artificial rubber, elastomer, and also Sylomer material (Austria) or its domestic analogue Nowelle material are preferably used. The shape of the shock absorbing tip is mainly hemispherical, but other forms of execution are also possible: conical, prismatic, etc.

The length of the adjusting pull-back stop 4 (L4) is determined empirically depending on the total thickness of the soundproofing cladding (δ1) with a margin (δ), which depends on the surface roughness of the enclosing structure, as well as on the extent to which its position does not match the design. The size of the stock (δ) also depends on the width of the air gap, if the creation of such is required in accordance with the design and / or calculation.

Most often, this discrepancy is equal to the maximum deviation from the vertical plane, for example, for walls, or from the horizontal plane, for example, for floors.

The excess part of the stop, which may protrude above the front plane of the soundproofing cladding after completion of its installation, is removed (cut) flush with the surface of the front layer, for example, using a special tool known as a renovator. After cutting, additional grinding is possible.

The presented implementation of a soundproofing adjustable cladding and its fastening system does not require prior careful alignment of the surface of the enclosing structure on which it is placed. This implementation is a technological and, at the same time, economical solution.

Claims (7)

1. Soundproofing adjustable cladding, consisting of a front sublayer (1a) combined with it by at least one plane of the inner sublayer (1b) combined, in turn, with at least one plane with the back sublayer (1 c); at least two nuts 3 glued into the inner sublayer (1b); at least two adjusting stops (4) and at least one dowel-nail (5). 2. Soundproofing adjustable cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the adjusting stops (4) further comprises an elastic tip (4a). 3. Sound-insulating adjustable lining according to claim 1, characterized in that the nail dowel (5) consists of a fungal dowel (5a) and a nail (5b). 4. Sound-insulating adjustable cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that the fungal dowel-nail (5) is buried in the enclosing structure (2) to a depth calculated depending on the material of the enclosing structure. 5. Sound-insulating adjustable cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that the front sublayer (1a) has a vibration energy loss coefficient η _1a and elastic modulus E _1a , the inner sublayer (1b) of a sound-insulating cladding is characterized by vibration energy loss coefficient η _1b and elastic modulus E _1b , the back sublayer (1c) has an oscillation energy loss coefficient of η _1c and an elastic modulus of E _1c , with η _1a <η _1c and E _1a > E _1c, and η _{1b <} η _1c, and E _1b > E _1c ; either η _1a = η _1b and E _1a = E _1b ; η _1a ≠ η _1b and E _1a ≠ E _1b , η _1a = η _1b and E _1a ≠ E _1b , η _1a ≠ η _1b and E _1a = E _1b . 6. Sound-insulating adjustable cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that the front sublayer 1a and the inner sublayer 1b are displaced relative to each other in the plane of contact. 7. Soundproofing adjustable cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that the front sublayer 1a and the inner sublayer 1b are made of gypsum fiber sheets.

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