RU195960U1 - PISTON OF THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - Google Patents

Abstract

The piston of an internal combustion engine relates to the field of automotive industry, namely to piston designs. To do this, in a piston containing a head with a bottom and grooves for rings, a skirt with bosses under the piston pin hole, on the outer surface of the head bottom there is a displacer with a diameter with a size limit of 60 mm to 90 mm, height with a size limit of 0.1 mm to 3 mm, while inside the displacer there is a cup-shaped depression with a radius with a size limit of 70 mm to 250 mm, depth with a size limit of 0.5 mm to 10 mm; in addition, the displacer has a step, and the displacer axis relative to the axis of symmetry of the piston is offset by a distance with a dimensional limit of 0.1 mm to 7 mm; the outer surface of the piston bottom from the axis of the bore under the piston pin is located at a distance with a dimensional limit of 28 to 45 mm. The technical result consists in increasing the energy and economic indicators of the engine, increasing the resource of parts of the cylinder-piston group and the engine as a whole.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of mechanical engineering, mainly to engine building, and can be used in piston internal combustion engines (ICE) with spark ignition.

A known design of a piston with an elastically deformable bottom, comprising a head with a bottom and at least two grooves made therein for mounting the piston rings, a skirt and bosses with holes for the piston pin, characterized in that the piston bottom is made in the form of a cylindrical cup with an elastically deformable wave-like bottom made of a highly heat-resistant relaxation-resistant spring material, and on the lower belt of which a shaped support washer is rigidly mounted and rigidly fixed, in addition, inside the cylindrical glass for a conical spring of heat-resistant relaxation-resistant spring material has been installed, which, with its upper end, abuts against the elastically deformable wave-like bottom of the glass, and with its lower end rests on the shaped support washer, while the spring is pressed by the shaped support washer to the elastic-deformable wave-like bottom with such a length that elastically deformable wave-like bottom of the bottom of the glass begins at the time of a sharp increase in the pressure of the combustion products of the working mixture in the combustion chamber in Achal second primary combustion phase, besides the piston within the head is further configured coaxially with the axis of the cylindrical cavity of the piston, in which there are sealed bottom.

The reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below when using the known device include the fact that the specified piston assembly design will not provide the necessary reliability under conditions of high piston loading by gas and inertial forces. In addition, this design of the piston is time-consuming and expensive to manufacture and requires additional maintenance (see patent for invention RU No. 2591377, with publication date 07/20/2016, F02F 3/00 (2006.01), F02B 75/04 (2006.01 ), F02D 15/04 (2006.01).

The closest to the claimed technical solution according to the set of essential features and the technical result achieved is a piston for an internal combustion engine, contains a head having a combustion chamber in the bottom that is cylindrical, the bottom has a conical shape, the edge of the combustion chamber is underestimated by 0.110 mm grooves relative to the periphery of the bottom and under compression rings, a groove under the oil scraper ring, a skirt with bosses, the nominal distance between them is 45 mm, and the angle of inclination is 20 °, in which A hole for the piston pin and an internal cavity located above the hole are inserted. The hole is made with grooves for the snap rings. The outer surface of the piston in the plane perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the piston has an oval shape, and in the plane passing through the axis of symmetry of the piston - barrel-shaped. The maximum diameter of the piston is located at a distance of 104 mm from the bottom.

For reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below when using a known device adopted as a prototype, the design of the piston with a cylindrical combustion chamber in the bottom has a large metal consumption and mass. With this design of the combustion chamber, the piston head, including the groove zone for compression rings, has an overestimated temperature during combustion of the air-fuel mixture, which can lead to coking of oil in the grooves for the rings and loss of operability of the compression rings and the piston-cylinder group as a whole (see patent for Utility model RU No. 186524, with publication date 01/23/2019, IPC F02F 3/02 (2006.01).

The essence of the utility model is to develop a piston of optimal design in terms of strength, weight, type of working surface, with structural elements that form the combustion chamber, allowing to improve the mixing and combustion of the air-fuel mixture, which together will increase fuel efficiency, increase the effective engine power, reduce mechanical losses of cylinder piston parts.

The technical result is an increase in energy and economic indicators of the engine, an increase in the resource of elements of the cylinder-piston group; the possibility of using a piston on highly accelerated engines.

The specified technical result in the implementation of the utility model is achieved by the fact that in the piston of an internal combustion engine containing a head with a bottom, grooves for compression and oil scraper rings, a skirt with bosses having an internal cavity above the hole for the piston pin, made with grooves for the lock rings, holes for oil drainage, the outer surface, which is oval in a plane perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the piston, and has a barrel-shaped shape in the plane passing through the axis of symmetry of the piston rmu, a feature is that the design of the piston contains the following features different from those of the closest prototype:

- to improve mixing and increase the economic and energy performance of the engine, on the outer surface of the piston head bottom there is a displacer with a diameter D1 having a size limit from 60 mm to 90 mm, a height H1 having a size limit from 0.1 mm to 3 mm, inside the displacer there is a cup-shaped recess of radius R1 having a dimensional limit of 70 mm to 250 mm, H2 depth having a dimensional limit of 0.5 mm to 10 mm; in addition, for displacing the piston with the cylinder head, the displacer has a step, and the displacer axis relative to the axis of symmetry of the piston is displaced by a distance L2 having a dimensional limit from 0.1 mm to 7 mm;

- to increase the resource of the elements of the cylinder-piston group, which is directly affected by the uniform distribution of forces acting on the piston, and a decrease in the intensity of shock phenomena accompanying the movement of the piston within the gap between the piston and the cylinder under the action of a lateral force perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder, the outer surface of the piston bottom from the axis of the hole under the piston pin is located at a distance L1 having a dimensional limit of 28 to 45 mm.

The following illustrations are provided to illustrate this utility model:

In FIG. 1 - shows a General view of the design of the piston;

In FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;

In FIG. 3 shows a section AA in FIG. 2;

In FIG. 4 shows a section BB in FIG. 1.

The piston of an internal combustion engine contains:

The head 1 with the bottom 4, on the outer surface of the bottom 4 there is a displacer 5 with a diameter D1 and a height H1, a cup-shaped recess 6 with a radius R1 and a depth of H2 is made inside the displacer 5, the axis of the displacer 5 relative to the axis of symmetry 3 of the piston is offset by a distance L2, the displacer has a step 7; grooves 8 and 9 are located on the piston head for installing compression rings, a groove 10 for installing an oil scraper ring; a skirt 2 with bosses 11, in which a hole 12 is made for installing a piston pin, where there are grooves 13 for retaining rings; an internal cavity 14 located above the hole 12 for installing the piston pin; holes 15 for draining oil with a total amount of from 2 to 12, the axes of which are located along the perimeter of groove 10, holes 15 for draining oil go into the internal cavity 14; the outer surface of the bottom 4 from the axis of the hole 12 for installing the piston pin is located at a distance L1; oval barrel-shaped outer surface 16.

The piston of an internal combustion engine operates as follows.

The piston under the influence of gas forces resulting from the combustion of the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber of the engine, and the forces transmitted from the crank mechanism by the piston pin, makes a reciprocating movement inside the cylinder.

The corresponding cavity in the cylinder head (not shown) together with the outer surface of the bottom 4 of the piston head 1, located on it by the displacer 5 with a diameter of Die with a size limit of 60 mm to 90 mm and a height H1 with a size limit of 0.1 mm to 3 mm having a cup-shaped recess 6 of radius R1 with a dimensional limit of 70 mm to 250 mm and depth H2 with a dimensional limit of 0.5 mm to 10 mm form a combustion chamber of the engine. Moreover, to interface with the cylinder head, the displacer 5 has a step 7, the axis of the displacer 5 relative to the axis of symmetry 3 of the piston is shifted by a distance L2, which has a dimensional limit from 0.1 mm to 7 mm. Due to the proposed form of the displacer 5 with a cup-shaped recess 6, the fuel and air supplied to the combustion chamber of the engine are intensively mixed in predetermined proportions, and the resulting air-fuel mixture burns as efficiently as possible. In the process of combustion of the air-fuel mixture, the pressure and temperature of the gases increase, as a result of which the piston is deformed, and the oval-barrel-shaped shape of the piston outer surface 16 compensates for these deformations and provides optimal gaps between the piston and the cylinder surface (not shown). The pressure of the gas forces is transmitted to the crank mechanism (not shown) using a piston pin (not shown), which is installed in the hole 12 located in the bosses 11 of the skirt 2. The piston pin is fixed in the hole 12 by snap rings (not shown), which are installed in the grooves 13. In this case, the outer surface of the bottom 4 from the axis of the hole 12 for installing the piston pin is located at a distance L1 with a dimensional limit from 28 mm to 45 mm, which ensures uniform distribution of forces acting on the piston, and a decrease in the intensity of the shock phenomena accompanying the movement of the piston within the gap between the piston and the cylinder under the action of a lateral force perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder. A piston with compression rings (not shown) located in the grooves 8 and 9, ensures the tightness of the inner cylinder space in which the engine is running. To regulate the lubrication of the conjugated pair "piston - cylinder" and to prevent oil from entering the combustion chamber in the groove 10, an oil scraper ring (not shown) is installed; excess oil from the cylinder walls is discharged through holes 15, the axes of which are located along the perimeter of the groove 10, into the internal cavity 14, and then into the crankcase of the engine.

The advantage of the claimed utility model is that, in comparison with the structures adopted for the analogue, the internal combustion engine piston described above using the entire proposed set of essential features has a design that is optimal in strength, weight, type of work surface, with structural elements forming the combustion chamber allowing to improve the process of mixing and combustion of the air-fuel mixture, to increase the energy and efficiency indicators of the engine, to increase the resource and workability awn elements of the cylinder-piston group and the engine as a whole.

Claims (5)

1. A piston for an internal combustion engine, comprising a head with a bottom, grooves for compression and oil scraper rings, a skirt with bosses having an internal cavity above the hole for the piston pin, made with grooves for the locking rings, holes for draining the oil, an outer surface that the plane perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the piston has an oval shape, and in the plane passing through the axis of symmetry of the piston, a barrel-shaped shape, characterized in that on the outer surface of the piston bottom there is a displacer, inside of which a cup-shaped recess is made, in addition, the displacer has a ledge. 2. The piston according to claim 1, characterized in that the displacer has a diameter D1 with a size limit of 60 mm to 90 mm, a height H1 with a size limit of 0.1 mm to 3 mm. 3. The piston according to claim 1, characterized in that the cup-shaped recess has a radius R1 with a size limit of 70 mm to 250 mm, an H2 depth with a size limit of 0.5 mm to 10 mm. 4. The piston according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer part of the bottom from the axis of the bore under the piston pin is located at a distance L1 having a dimensional limit from 28 mm to 45 mm. 5. The piston according to claim 1, characterized in that the displacer axis relative to the axis of symmetry of the piston is offset by a distance L2 having a dimensional limit from 0.1 mm to 7 mm.

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