RU194569U1 - DEVICE FOR PREPARING FOR GAS FUEL COMBUSTION - Google Patents

Abstract

The device relates to energy and can be used in heat generating plants operating on gaseous fuels. The technical task is the preparation of a working gas-air mixture for its subsequent combustion; cooling the gas burner body. The problem was solved by introducing into the burner design a diffuser designed to mix the working gas or two types of gases with air, as well as cool the burner body. The claimed device for preparing the gas-air mixture differs from the known analogues in that it consists of a diffuser having the shape of a perforated plate (paraboloid) of a smaller size than the passage section of the combustion chamber. A positive technical result is an increase in the efficiency of the gas combustion process, which consists in the fact that, thanks to the signs disclosed above, flame stabilization is ensured, as well as cooling of the gas burner body. To start the burner, either a pilot burner or an ignition electrode can be installed in the gas-air mixture preparation device.

Description

The device relates to energy and can be used in heat-generating plants operating on gaseous fuels.

The preparation of a working gas-air mixture in gas burners is of particular importance in order to achieve essentially complete combustion of the supplied fuel, or to maintain the set stoichiometric parameters of the combustion process and, thus, to achieve a high energy efficiency and also to maintain low emissions. Therefore, gas burners along with the corresponding devices for the dosed supply of combustible gas and air have devices for preparing the working mixture, with the help of which the mixing of different components of the fuel and, as a result, its more complete combustion occurs.

In practice, there are gas burners in which both single-component and several types of gases are different in composition. In order to achieve better afterburning of low-calorie gases, it is necessary to prepare the working mixture using special devices.

According to the state of the art, a gas burner is known for implementing a method of preparing working gas for burning using a burner with forced air supply with a combined blower device, including reducing the gas pressure using a pressure regulator and supplying gas to the suction line of the blower device, made in the form of a perforated cylinder insert, the gas pressure is reduced to atmospheric (see RU 2176358, publ. 11/27/2001).

The disadvantage of this system is that the preparation of the gas-air mixture takes place in a draft device by reducing the gas pressure to atmospheric using a pressure regulator. As a result, the use of low-calorie gas is not possible.

It should be noted that low-calorie gas, for example, associated petroleum gas, does not burn during atmospheric combustion.

A complex device for preparing and burning gaseous fuels is known, including a turbulent burner in which a converter is coaxially located, consisting of a cylindrical capsule connected to the outer end of the mixing chamber with a gas pipe and a steam pipe connected to it coaxially, the front part of the capsule is placed in the torch zone, inside the capsule is coaxially placed a pipe consisting of a zone of converted gas, from the outer end muffled by a conical bottom and connected to the primary air duct of the spirit by the tangential elliptical nozzles of the converted gas outlet and the reforming zone, where the pipe is perforated and coated with a ceramic-based nickel catalyst layer on the outer and inner sides, and the tangential elliptical nozzles of the converted gas outlet pass through the annular heating chamber of the vapor-gas mixture located between the inner surface of the capsule and the outer the surface of the pipe at the entrance to which the blades of the swirler are located (see RU 2575592, publ. 02/20/2016).

Using the converted gas zone complicates the design of the device for preparing the working mixture and leads to an increase in the size of the device, which is a disadvantage of this system.

The above-mentioned devices for preparing a working gas-air mixture are applicable for burning high-calorie gas or only a single-component gas. If low-calorific gas is used as fuel, they cease to function.

Known gas burner universal for burning low-calorie gas, gaseous waste from the chemical industry to be disposed of, as well as associated petroleum gas. This burner has coaxial tubes for gas and air. As a fuel, one type of gas or gases of different types can be used, for example, high-calorie for maintaining combustion and low-calorie for afterburning or disposal. In the described solution, the preparation of the working mixture occurs in the outlet parts of the gas supply tubes (from the furnace side) having perforation with the air supply channel. As a result, at the supply stage, the gas-air mixture is mixed, which is supplied through the diffuser having perforation to the combustion chamber [3].

Of course, this device is used with a high degree of reliability for the combustion of multicomponent gases. However, for efficient operation of the burner, it is necessary to use the cooling system of the device body.

Thus, the solution to the effective operation of a gas burner is to prepare a gas-air mixture with the subsequent maintenance of the set stoichiometric parameters of the process of burning gas fuel.

Closest to the proposed device for the preparation of the working gas-air mixture is a diffuser, passing through which the working mixture of gases and air enters the combustion chamber of the burner (see RU 187026, publ. 14.02.2019).

The objective of the proposed device is to create a simple and reliable design that allows you to mix the working gas with forced air, as well as, in the case of using several types of gas, mix them with each other and with the supplied air.

The solution to the proposed device is a diffuser in the form of a plate (paraboloid) with perforations for the passage of the gas-air mixture.

The diffuser separates the combustion chamber of the gas burner from the feeders of the components of the working mixture. In addition, due to its shape, the diffuser concentrates the supplied working mixture in the center of the combustion chamber of the burner, which makes it possible to stabilize and better control the flame.

It is advisable that the shape of the diffuser had the form of a plate (a truncated paraboloid) with perforations for the passage of the working gas-air mixture.

It is advisable that the diameter of the diffuser be less than the diameter of the bore of the burner combustion chamber, and forced air flows through the hole between the burner body and the diffuser, thereby cooling the burner.

The proposed device for preparing a working gas-air mixture consists of a diffuser designed to mix two types of working gas or gases with air, as well as to cool the burner body.

The claimed device for preparing the gas-air mixture differs from the known analogues in that it has the shape of a plate (paraboloid) of a smaller size than the passage section of the combustion chamber, perforation for passing the working mixture, and also an ignition electrode 4 or an ignition burner is installed on the outer contour of the plate (Fig. 2 ) (see RU 191392, publ. 08/05/2019).

A positive technical result provided by the specified set of design features, namely the introduction of a diffuser in the design, is to increase the efficiency of the gas combustion process, which consists in the fact that due to the features disclosed above, flame stabilization and cooling of the gas burner body are ensured. As a result, a high combustion temperature is achieved, the flame is drawn out, the heating area increases, complete burning of high-calorie and low-calorific gas occurs, resulting in a significant increase in the efficiency of the burner and a decrease in emissions of carbon monoxide CO and nitrogen NO. In this case, the burner body does not overheat, which allows to extend its service life.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a side view of the burner nozzle, and FIG. 2 view of the nozzle with the ignition device installed.

The device for preparing the working gas-air mixture consists of a housing 1, a diffuser 2, the outer diameter of which has a size of 200 to 400 mm with a focal length ranging from 30 to 100 mm. The distance between the body and the diffuser ranges from 2 to 18 mm. Ignition electrode or ignition burner 4. Working gas and air are supplied through coaxially arranged nozzles 3. Tubes are coaxially located inside the housing. Between the casing and the tubes air is supplied, which, passing through the hole between the diffuser and the casing, cools it.

Claims (4)

1. A device for preparing for burning gaseous fuels, comprising a housing with a diffuser installed in it and coaxially arranged nozzles, characterized in that the diffuser has the shape of a plate made in the form of a paraboloid with perforations for the passage of the gas-air mixture, while the geometric size of the diffuser is smaller than the passage section combustion chambers. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the outer diameter of the diffuser has a size from 200 to 400 mm with a focal length in the range from 30 to 100 mm. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that an ignition electrode or an ignition burner is installed on the external circuit of the diffuser. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the housing and the diffuser is in the range from 2 to 18 mm.

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