RU194042U1 - TUBULAR BOTTOM Sampler - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to technical means for obtaining and extracting undisturbed core, mainly to tubular soil samplers for taking samples of underwater sediments, bottom sediments of rivers, lakes and other bodies of water. The technical result is an increase in the efficiency and quality of samples taken by increasing the retention time of the selected sediment in native conditions, which is ensured by the fact that to reduce heat conductivity and convection between the selected precipitate and the external environment, the core tube of the sampler is made in the form of two coaxially arranged pipes, the annulus between which top and bottom are hermetically limited by flat surfaces, the top of which is equipped with at least one fitting for connecting to a vacuum system topic. 1 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to technical means for obtaining and extracting undisturbed core, mainly to tubular (soil) samplers for taking samples of underwater sediments, bottom sediments of rivers, lakes and other bodies of water.

Tubular samplers, depending on the tasks and conditions of use, have significant design differences. However, they contain a number of common necessary elements, namely, a core pipe, valves to prevent loss of the selected sample, and a means of penetration into the test medium (Smolov Yu.S. Technique for sampling bottom sediments, work experience and prospects // Geology and Useful Fossils of the World Ocean. 2015. No. 1 P. 83).

To facilitate entry into the ground, the core tube of the sampler is usually equipped with a cutting tip of various types, for example, in the form of a cutting edge or a truncated cone (p. RF No. 2534139 C1, p. RF No. 73396 U1), while the tip can be made removable (A.S. No. 1161842, A.S. No. 1089456).

Valves are also a necessary element to prevent loss of sample during lifting, which are installed either in the upper and / or lower part of the core pipe, using, for example, non-return and flap valves. And to improve the preservation of the core, they supply the core tube of the sampler with a liner, while ensuring the convenience of subsequent work with the core (AS USSR No. 412372).

As a means of deepening into bottom sediments, either a holder connected to the core pipe (item of the Russian Federation No. 111912 U1), or through a matching element vibrator (item of the Russian Federation No. 93534 U1, and the AS of the USSR No. 412372) is installed on the sampler or inertia mass providing free immersion under the weight of gravity (gravity tube samplers) (VZ KR No. 201880089185 A, p. RF 2668441 C1) and other means. Tubular samplers designed to take soft soil samples, as a means of deepening, are often equipped with a manual rotary mechanism (https://otborprob.com/catalog/probootborniki-pochvy/pochvennye-bury/).

Known tubular sampler of bottom sediments, considered by us as the closest analogue, including a core pipe with an insert located inside it, valves, for example, check valves and flap valves, to prevent loss of the selected sample installed in the upper and lower parts of the pipe, a deepening device and a tip (Clause of the Russian Federation No. 177795 U1).

However, it should be noted that for geological sampling on the shelf, slope and deep-sea regions of the seas and oceans, in lakes or in light-bearing sediments containing gas hydrates, it is often required to study the lithological, mineralogical, paleo-oceanological, gas-geochemical and chemical composition of the obtained core, as well as to estimate gas hydrate resources preservation of temperature conditions during their lifting and transportation, which the known tubular samplers do not provide.

To reduce thermal conductivity and convection between the selected sediment and the external environment, it is proposed to create a vacuum space, for which the column tube of the sampler is made in the form of two coaxially arranged pipes, the annular space between which is top and bottom hermetically bounded by flat surfaces, one of which is equipped with at least one fitting for connection to the vacuum system.

The technical result of this solution is to increase the efficiency and quality of samples taken by increasing the retention time of the selected sediment in native conditions.

Thus, the indicated problem is solved by a tubular sampler for bottom sediments, including a core pipe with an insert placed inside it, equipped with gates to prevent loss of the sample taken, a deepening device installed in the upper part of the pipe, and means for installing the tip in the lower part, while the pipe is made in the form of two coaxially mounted pipes, the annulus between which the top and bottom is hermetically bounded by flat surfaces, the upper of which Placed with at least one fitting.

Depending on the tasks and conditions, the tubular sampler can be performed in various solutions. The annular space of the pipe can be equipped with stiffeners when using a sampler, for example, at great depths. The structural elements are made of metal and / or industrial plastics, the liner is preferably used from fluoroplastic, as having low thermal conductivity. As a means for installing the tip and / or inertial mass, the surface of the core pipe can be provided with, for example, thread or stops, while the tip itself can be made, for example, in the form of a cone, soil knife or any other cutting surface.

In FIG. a diagram of one of the possible variants of a marine tubular sampler for bottom sediments is presented, where 1 is the tip; 2 - shutter petal; 3 - core pipe; 4 - inertial load; 5 - fittings for pumping air; 6 - shutter - non-return valve, 7 - earhooks; 8 - stopper for inertial load.

If necessary, before starting work, the nozzle (5) of the sampler is connected to a vacuum system to create or adjust a reduced pressure in the annulus of the column pipe (3), which ensures thermal insulation of the sediment when the sediment is raised and the sediment is subsequently moved to the research site. Install the tip (1).

At the bottom of the reservoirs, the sampler is buried in the usual way using the mechanism of deepening from the side of the vessel using a winch connected to the earhook (7) or, at a shallow depth, with a suitable rigid holder.

When entering the bottom sediments, the lower (2) and upper (6) gates open, allowing sediment to penetrate into the liner (not shown in Fig.), And close when the sampler is lifted in reverse. The sampler is removed from the ground and raised to the deck of the vessel for subsequent core extraction of bottom sediments from the sampler insert.

Thus, the inventive sampler due to the proposed design of the core pipe, providing thermal insulation of the sediment during the entire research cycle from the moment of receipt to the start of the research, provides the claimed technical result, namely, a core of high-quality bottom sediments with characteristics that objectively reflect its initial state.

Claims (4)

1. A tubular sampler for bottom sediments, comprising a core pipe with an insert placed inside it, equipped with gates to prevent loss of the sample taken, a burial device installed in the upper part of the pipe, and a means for attaching the tip in the lower part, characterized in that the core pipe is made in the form of two coaxially mounted pipes, the annular space between which the top and bottom is hermetically limited by flat surfaces, the upper of which is equipped with at least one fitting. 2. The tubular sampler according to claim 1, characterized in that the annulus is equipped with stiffeners. 3. The tubular sampler according to claim 1, characterized in that the inertial mass is used as a burial device. 4. The tubular sampler according to claim 1, characterized in that the insert is made of fluoroplastic.

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