RU193274U1 - DEVICE FOR PROCESSING SHEETS WITH RESIDUAL DEFORMATION - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the processing of metals by pressure and can be used for the production of through and blind covers from sheet blanks with permanent deformation in the form of deflection in the plane of the cross section. A device for processing sheet blanks with permanent deformation comprises a support table with a hole, a vertically mounted motor with a drive shaft, processing rollers, a pressure plate with a hole mounted on the support table with the possibility of vertical movement with the help of pneumatic cylinder rods. Cases of pneumatic cylinders and an engine with a drive shaft are attached to the support table. A faceplate is installed on the drive shaft with coordinate-mounted fasteners designed for installation and fastening on the matrix stands. The first carriage is mounted on the pressure plate on horizontal rails with the possibility of moving along them with the help of the drive, and the second carriage is installed on the first carriage with the possibility of vertical movement by means of the drive, the processing roller is installed in the lower part of it. The third and fourth carriages are installed on the supporting table, on the sides of the hole, on separate horizontal linear guides with the possibility of moving along them with the help of drives, on the third carriage with the possibility of forced rotation by means of the drive, cutting rollers are installed. The clamp for the workpiece is made in the form of a pneumatic cylinder with a rod and a clamping heel mounted above the hole in the clamping plate and secured with a bracket to the support table, which makes it possible to pre-clamp the workpiece to the horizontal mounting plane of the matrix near its center. An electric motor was used as the engine, and on the fourth carriage a pair of machining rollers was installed with the possibility of vertical movement, consisting of an upper roller with a vertical axis of rotation, made in the form of a disk with a horizontal lower surface and a vertical side surface, and a lower supporting roller with an axis of rotation perpendicular to the axis drive shaft of the electric motor, and made in the form of a cylinder with a horizontal side surface and a vertical end facing the center holes of the support table. The processing rollers are paired with the intersection of their rotational axes, and the plane of the lower roller passing through its end surface facing the center of the hole of the support table is the tangent plane for the side surface of the upper roller in the form of a disk. The result is enhanced functionality. 8 s.p. f-ly, 13 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the processing of metals or other materials by pressure and can be used for the production of through and blind covers from sheet blanks with permanent deformation in the form of deflection in the plane of the cross section or another type of deviation from flatness.

When preparing blanks, as a rule, material in the form of a strip, a metal tape rolled up into a roll, is cut into sheet blanks in the form of squares or octagons. The processed workpieces, as a rule, have sizes from 200 × 200 mm to 600 × 600 mm. Due to the initial storage of the material in rolls, in such blanks there is a residual deformation in the form of a deflection in the plane of the cross section.

From the source GOST 26877-2008 Metal products. Methods for measuring shape deviations, GOST dated August 23, 2012 No. 26877-2008, website: http://docs.cntd.ru/document/1200095312, the definitions are known: deflection in the plane of the cross section is a deviation from the straightness of the cross section shape metal products or its elements, as well as bent profiles in the vertical plane in the transverse direction of the section; deviation from flatness - this is the greatest distance from the points of the real surface to the adjacent plane. Also known is the definition of a leaf - a thin and dense layer of any material (source: Explanatory Dictionary of Efremova. T.F. Efremova. 2000, page of the website https://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/efremova/181825 /% D0% BB% D0% B8% D1% 81% D1% 82).

In known devices for processing provides for the use of flat blanks without permanent deformation. Therefore, to eliminate residual deformation in the form of deflection in the plane of the cross section and to align the workpiece in the plane, a separate technological operation is performed and separate equipment is used, which complicates and slows down the manufacturing process. The use of workpieces with permanent deformation on equipment for processing flat workpieces can result in the inability to correctly install and position a workpiece with permanent deformation to increase the proportion of rejects, increase the risk of breakdown of equipment, which will negatively affect production efficiency indicators.

A device for flanging holes (ed. St. USSR No. 1530293, Ml. B21D 19/00), containing a clip with a replaceable matrix and a movable composite punch, which is connected to the clip by a screw connection and made in the form of a hollow rod with a set screw located in it and the deforming elements are installed with the possibility of free rotation around axes intersecting at right angles with the axis, and each is located at the ends of two brackets, one of which is pivotally connected to the rod, and the other through an elastic element with a movable sleeve, cat It is connected to the stem by a spline connection, and with a set screw, by a threaded connection. The disadvantage of this solution is the ability to perform only internal flanging in a pre-prepared hole in the workpiece.

A device for flanging and rolling round holes (RF patent No. 2264273, IPC B21D 19/02, publ. 11/20/2005), containing a support table, a holder with a matrix, rolling elements, rollers connected by gears and transmission screw-nut drive , a support roller with a drive, the rolling rollers are mounted uniformly around the circumference of the carrier connected to a vertical shaft, which is connected to a nut having a rotation frequency greater than that of the shaft, and is integral with the gear wheel engaged with the gear of another Vertical, shaft, which is connected with the drive rollers reeling. The disadvantage of the solution is limited functionality, since the solution only processes the inside of the workpiece.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed solution is a device for processing flat blanks (utility model, RF patent No. 186845, IPC B21D 19/02, B21D 51/44, publ. 06.02.2019). The device comprises a support table with a hole, a matrix, a vertically mounted gear motor with a drive shaft, a pressure plate with a hole mounted on a support table on the piston rods of the pneumatic cylinders, whose housings and a gear motor with a drive shaft are attached to the support table, a faceplate is installed on the drive shaft , in the coordinate-recessed recesses on the support columns in which the matrix is fixed, a pressure disk, a drive shaft, a pressure disk, a hole are rotatably mounted under the pressure plate with a hole in the support table and the pressure plate are aligned, on the pressure plate there is one carriage mounted on horizontal rails with the possibility of vertical movement of the processing roller fixed at its end, on the support table there are hinged stops on the sides of the hole, the second and third carriages, mounted on the second carriage with the possibility horizontal movement and forced rotation of the cutting rollers on the third carriage is installed with the possibility of horizontal and vertical movement of the slotted rolling roller. This solution has a restriction on use only for flat workpieces and is not intended for use on unprepared workpieces with permanent deformation.

The technical result of the proposed solution - a device for processing sheet blanks with permanent deformation, is the expansion of functionality, achieved by providing the ability to process blanks with permanent deformation in the form of a deflection in the plane of the cross section.

To achieve a technical result, a device for processing sheet blanks with permanent deformation,

comprising a support table with a hole, a vertically mounted motor with a drive shaft, processing rollers, a pressure plate with a hole mounted on the support table with the possibility of vertical movement using the rods of the pneumatic cylinders, the housing of the pneumatic cylinders and the engine with the drive shaft are attached to the support table,

a faceplate is installed on the drive shaft with coordinate-mounted fasteners designed to be installed and secured to the matrix stand columns,

the pressure plate coaxially with its hole is mounted to rotate in the horizontal plane the faceplate of the pressure plate with coordinate-mounted fastening means for mounting and securing the pressure plate on the column stands, the faceplate of the pressure plate is made in the form of a ring,

the holes in the support table and the pressure plate, the drive shaft, the faceplate and the faceplate of the pressure plate mounted on it are aligned

on the pressure plate on horizontal rails with the possibility of moving along them with the help of the drive, the first carriage is installed,

on the first carriage, with the possibility of vertical movement by means of a drive, a second carriage is installed, in the lower part of which a processing roller is installed,

on the support table, on the sides of the hole, on the individual horizontal linear guides with the possibility of movement along them with the help of drives installed third and fourth carriages,

detachable rollers are installed on the third carriage with the possibility of forced rotation by means of a drive,

according to utility model

the device has an additional clamp for the workpiece, made in the form of a pneumatic cylinder with a rod and a clamping heel, mounted above the hole in the clamping plate and secured with a bracket to the support table, the location of the pneumatic cylinder allows preliminary blanking to the horizontal mounting plane of the matrix near its center,

an electric motor is used as an engine,

and on the fourth carriage, a pair of machining rollers is installed with the possibility of vertical movement, consisting of an upper roller with a vertical axis of rotation, made in the form of a disk with a horizontal lower surface and a vertical side surface, and a lower supporting roller with an axis of rotation perpendicular to the axis of the drive shaft of the electric motor, and made in the form of a cylinder with a horizontal lateral surface and a vertical end facing the center of the hole of the supporting table, the rollers are paired so that their rotational axes intersect, and the plane of the lower roller passing through its end surface facing the center of the hole of the support table is a tangent plane for the side surface of the upper roller in the form of a disk.

Coordinate-located means of fastening the faceplate of the base table and pressure plate can be made in the form of recesses, recesses with thread, holes or have a different shape.

The plate plate of the pressure plate can be interchangeable equipment of the device and varies depending on the size and other parameters of the manufactured products.

To move the third carriage along the guides, a servomotor or a pneumatic cylinder can be used, the extreme position of the rod of which is set using an adjustable stop.

The clamping heel of the pneumatic cylinder pre-clamping the workpiece can be installed with the possibility of adjusting its extreme position, for example, can be mounted on a threaded rod or otherwise.

A pair of machining rollers can be set to adjust the distance between them.

The parameters of the matrix and the pressure disk determine the parameters of the manufactured products, in particular the outer and inner diameters of the product. The die and pressure plate are interchangeable.

In order to enable the moving parts of the device to move, in particular, such drives as servomotors, geared motors and pneumatic cylinders, as well as well-known mechanical transmissions: screw-nut, pinion-gear rack and others can be used. When using pneumatic cylinders as drives, if necessary, the design can be supplemented with adjustable stops to set the extreme positions of movement of the moving parts of the device.

Cutting rollers mounted on the third carriage, trim the outer edge of the workpiece during forced rotation due to the gear motor.

A pre-clamp pneumatic cylinder with a clamping heel provides the possibility of pre-clamping the workpiece to the horizontal mounting plane of the matrix near its center, thereby aligning the workpiece in the plane. The extreme position of the heel can be adjusted so that when pressing the workpiece, it remains possible to correctly position the workpiece by the operator before clamping it with the clamping disk and the matrix. The presence of a pre-clamp pneumatic cylinder expands the functionality of the device by providing the possibility of processing not only flat workpieces, but also workpieces with permanent deformation.

A pair of processing rollers used in the proposed device design allows a wide range of products and their processing options to be produced. This is achieved due to the possibility of processing workpieces larger than the analogues of the outer size and the implementation of a larger number of processing options for workpieces. Due to this, the functionality of the device is also expanded.

The design of the device is made collapsible to enable replacement or repair of its parts.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by illustrations, which depict a special case of the implementation of the proposed device:

In FIG. 1 shows a front view of the device,

in FIG. 2 is a view with a cutout on the axis of symmetry of the drive shaft,

in FIG. 3 is a top view of the pressure plate with the pneumatic cylinder pre-clamping the workpiece,

in FIG. 4 is a section along the D-D of the pressure plate with the pneumatic cylinder pre-clamping the workpiece,

in FIG. 5 is a left view of the second carriage,

in FIG. 6 is a top view of a fourth carriage,

in FIG. 7 is a section along aa of the fourth carriage,

in FIG. 8 - section of a pair of machining rollers, in the process of bending the outer edge of the workpiece,

in FIG. 9 is a section view of a pair of machining rollers at the end of the bending process of the outer edge of the workpiece blank,

in FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of an internal processing roller during processing of a workpiece blank

in FIG. 11 is a section through an internal bending-and-cutting roller, during the operation of cutting the inner hole in the workpiece,

in FIG. 12 is a section of the inner bending-cutting roller, the end of the process of bending the inner edge in the workpiece,

in FIG. 13 is an example of a workpiece with permanent deformation in the form of a deflection in the plane of the cross section.

The following notation is made in the illustrations:

1. support table

2. hole in the support table,

3. electric motor

4. electric motor drive shaft,

5. faceplate mounted on the drive shaft of the electric motor,

6. coordinate-located recesses of the faceplate on the drive shaft and faceplate of the pressure plate,

7. stands in the faceplate on the drive shaft and in the faceplate of the pressure plate,

8. matrix

9. pressure plate

10. hole in the pressure plate,

11. pressure bearing of the pressure plate,

12. pressure plate of the pressure plate,

13. clamping disk

14. rods of pneumatic cylinders for raising and lowering the pressure plate,

15. pneumatic cylinder bodies for raising and lowering the pressure plate,

16. guide columns,

17. linear guides of the first carriage,

18. the first carriage for horizontal movement of the second carriage,

19. servomotor with gearbox of the first carriage

20. the second carriage for vertical movement of the processing roller,

21. a servomotor with a gearbox of the second carriage,

22. the processing roller on the second carriage,

23. bending and cutting roller on the second carriage,

24. linear guides of the third carriage,

25. third carriage for horizontal movement of the cutting rollers,

26. pneumatic cylinder of the third carriage,

27. the rod of the pneumatic cylinder of the third carriage,

28. cutting rollers,

29. gear motor cutting wheels,

30. linear guides of the fourth carriage,

31. fourth carriage for horizontal and vertical movement of a pair of machining rollers,

32. the servomotor of horizontal movement of the fourth carriage,

33. a pair of machining rollers,

34. a servo motor with a gearbox for vertical movement of a pair of machining rollers,

35. blank for the manufacture of a blank cover,

36. blank for the manufacture of a passage cover,

37. pneumatic cylinder for pre-clamping the workpiece,

38. the heel of the pneumatic cylinder preliminary clamp,

39. common axis of the drive shaft, pressure disk.

Δ is the measured deviation from the flatness of the workpiece with permanent deformation in the form of a deflection in the plane of the cross section.

The device for processing sheet blanks with permanent deformation shown in the illustrations contains a support table 1 with an aperture, 2, an electric motor 3 with a drive shaft 4, mounted on a support table 1, a faceplate 5, mounted on a drive shaft 4 of the electric motor 3, in coordinate-located recesses 6 the faceplates 5 on the pedestal posts 7 have a matrix 8. The device comprises a pressure plate 9 with an opening 10 in which a faceplate 12 of the pressure plate 9 is mounted on the pressure bearing 11, and in the coordinate-located depths 6 eniyah chuck presser plate 12 on the posts-7 supports the presser disk 13 is mounted.

The pressure plate 9 is held by the rods 14 of the pneumatic cylinders 15, mounted on the support table 1. The rods 14 are connected to the guide columns 16 on the support table 1.

On the pressure plate 9 on the linear guides 17, a first carriage 18 is installed with a servomotor 19 with a gearbox providing horizontal movement of the carriage, and on the first carriage 18 a second carriage 20 with a servomotor 21 is installed that allows its vertical movement. On the second carriage 20, depending on the manufactured product, a processing roller 22, a bending-cutting roller 23, or another type of roller can be installed.

On the one hand, on the support table 1, on the linear guides 24, a third carriage 25 is installed with a pneumatic cylinder 26 with a rod 27 and an adjustable stop; on the third carriage 25, cutting rollers 28 are mounted driven by a gear motor 29 of the cutting rollers.

On the other hand, on the support table 1, on the linear guides 30, a fourth carriage 31 is installed with a servomotor 32, which enables horizontal movement. On the fourth carriage 31, a pair of machining rollers 33 is mounted with the possibility of vertical movement using a servomotor 34. This pair of rollers 33 is designed to process the outer edge of the workpiece 35 or 36.

A pneumatic cylinder 37 with a rod and a heel 38 is also attached to the support table 1 for preliminary clamping of the workpiece 35 or 36 with permanent deformation to the matrix 8. The fastening of the pneumatic cylinder 37 enables preliminary clamping of the workpiece 35 or 36 to the matrix 8 near its center. Also, the location and fastening of the pneumatic cylinder 37 provides the ability to freely perform the necessary processing operations of the workpiece using all the carriages.

The drive shaft, faceplates, clamping disk and matrix have a common axis 39.

For processing on the device, blanks 35, 36 with permanent deformation in the form of deflection in the plane of the cross section can be used, as shown in FIG. 13. The strain Δ, the deviation of the shape of the workpiece from the plane, can be measured as the distance between the plane that passes through the extreme points of the workpiece and the upper point of the lower edge of the workpiece.

In some of the most common applications, the device works as follows: First, they perform the same sequence of operations for different types of products. A sheet blank 35 or 36 in the form of a square or octahedron (with large dimensions) is installed with a residual deformation in the form of a deflection in the plane of the cross section on the matrix 8 with the middle of the long side of the workpiece touching the upper cutting roller 28, and from the operator’s (front) side, the workpiece can set with the installation probe relative to the matrix so that the center of the workpiece is above the center of the matrix. The pneumatic cylinder 37 of the preliminary clamping of the workpiece 35 or 36 is turned on. The rod of the pneumatic cylinder is lowered and the heel 38 presses the workpiece to the horizontal plane of the matrix 8, thereby compensating for the residual deformation of the workpiece. Check the positioning of the workpiece on the matrix 8 and, if necessary, in the pre-clamp state, move the workpiece to the correct position, for example, centering the workpiece with high accuracy relative to the center of the matrix 8. If the workpiece is correctly positioned and pre-clamped by the pneumatic cylinder 37 to the plane of the matrix 8 using pneumatic cylinders 15 lower the pressure plate 9 down and clamp the workpiece between the matrix 8 and the pressure disk 13. After that, turn off the pneumatic cylinder 37 of the preliminary clip, when this his rod is retracted to its original position, providing the ability to perform all the necessary subsequent processing operations of the workpiece. Next, include an electric motor 3 with a low speed of rotation and a gear motor 29 of the cutting rollers 28. The outer edge of the workpiece is cut off. After that, the pneumatic cylinder 26 retracts the third carriage 25 with the cutting rollers 28 from the workpiece along the linear guides 24. The electric motor 3 is turned on at a high speed of rotation.

Next, perform various operations depending on the types of products:

1. When cutting and processing the center of the workpiece (Fig. 11)

The servomotor 21 lowers the second carriage 20 with the bending-cutting roller 23 at a predetermined distance to the segment of the center of the workpiece 36. After the segment of the center of the workpiece 36, the servomotor 21 returns the second carriage 20 to its original position.

Next, turn off the electric motor 3, lift up the pressure plate 9 using the rods 14 of the pneumatic cylinders 15, release the resulting part and remove it from the matrix 8.

2. When rolling the product with a through hole (Fig. 11, 12, 8, 9)

The servo motor 21 lower the second carriage 20 with the bending-cutting roller 23 at a predetermined distance to the segments of the center of the workpiece 36 and the bend of its inner edge. Then, the servomotor 21 returns the second carriage 20 to its original position.

The fourth carriage 31 is moved with a servomotor 32 towards the workpiece at a distance of 0.5 ... 1 mm between the extreme surface of the pair of machining rollers 33 and the matrix 8, so that the workpiece enters the space between the rollers 33, after which the servomotor 34 of the fourth carriage 31 lowers the pair of machining rollers 33 to rolling the outer edge of the workpiece. At the end of rolling the outer edge of the product, a pair of machining rollers 33 is returned to its original position.

Next, turn off the electric motor 3, lift up the pressure plate 9 using the rods 14 of the pneumatic cylinders 15, release the resulting part and remove it from the matrix 8.

3. When rolling products with a conical bottom (Fig. 10)

The servo motor 21 lower the second carriage 20 with the processing roller 22 at a predetermined distance to obtain a cylindrical recess in the center of the workpiece. Then include the first 18 and second 20 carriage together. The ratio between the speeds of these carriages sets the angle of the cone of the inner recess of the product. The stroke of the first carriage 18 sets the inner diameter of the recess. Then the first 18 and second 20 carriages are returned to their original position at a distance of 0.5 ... 1 mm between the processing roller 22 and the matrix 8.

Next, turn off the electric motor 3, lift up the pressure plate 9 using the rods 14 of the pneumatic cylinders 15, release the resulting part and remove it from the matrix 8.

4. When rolling products with a spherical bottom

The first 18 and second 20 carriages are turned on together, guiding the processing roller 22 along the path to obtain a cylindrical recess in the center of the workpiece. The ratio between the speeds of these carriages sets the radius of the spherical inner recess of the product. Then the first 18 and second 20 carriages are returned to their original position at a distance of 0.5 ... 1 mm between the processing roller 22 and the matrix 8.

Next, turn off the electric motor 3, lift up the pressure plate 9 using the rods 14 of the pneumatic cylinders 15, release the resulting part and remove it from the matrix 8.

Claims (9)

1. A device for processing sheet blanks with permanent deformation, comprising a support table with a hole, a vertically mounted motor with a drive shaft, processing rollers, a pressure plate with a hole mounted on the support table with the possibility of vertical movement using the rods of pneumatic cylinders, the body of the pneumatic cylinders and the engine with drive shaft attached to the support table, on the drive shaft mounted faceplate with coordinate-mounted mounting means for installation and installation The heater on the support columns of the matrix, on the pressure plate coaxially with its hole, is mounted with the possibility of rotation in the horizontal plane of the faceplate of the pressure plate with coordinate-mounted fasteners designed for installation and fastening on the support columns of the pressure plate, the faceplate of the pressure plate is made in the form of a ring while the holes in the support table and the pressure plate, the drive shaft, the faceplate and the faceplate of the pressure plate installed on it are aligned, on the horizontal pressure plate the first carriage is mounted on the first carriage, the second carriage is installed on the first carriage with the possibility of vertical movement with the help of the drive, the processing roller is installed in the lower part of it, on the support table, on the sides of the hole, on separate horizontal linear guides with the possibility of moving along them with the help of drives, the third and fourth carriages are installed, on the third carriage with the possibility of forced rotation with the help of the drive Cutting rollers, characterized in that it is equipped with an additional clamp for the workpiece, made in the form of a pneumatic cylinder with a rod and a clamping heel, mounted above the hole in the clamping plate and secured with an arm to the supporting table, which allows preliminary clamping of the workpiece to the horizontal mounting plane of the matrix near its center, while an electric motor was used as the engine, and on the fourth carriage mounted with the possibility of vertical movement of the steam processed flushing rollers, consisting of an upper roller with a vertical axis of rotation, made in the form of a disk with a horizontal lower surface and a vertical side surface, and a lower supporting roller with an axis of rotation perpendicular to the axis of the drive shaft of the electric motor, and made in the form of a cylinder with a horizontal side surface and a vertical end, facing the center of the hole of the support table, and the processing rollers in a pair are located at the intersection of their rotation axes, and the plane of the lower roller, pass dyaschaya through its end surface facing towards the center of the support table opening is a tangent plane to the side surface of the upper roller in the form of a disk. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the coordinate-located means of fastening the faceplate of the base table and pressure plate are made in the form of recesses. 3. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the coordinate-located means of fastening the faceplate of the base table and pressure plate are made in the form of grooves with thread. 4. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the coordinate-located means of fastening the faceplate of the base table and pressure plate are made in the form of holes. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the faceplate of the pressure plate is replaceable. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a pneumatic cylinder is used to move the third carriage along the guides, the extreme position of the rod of which is set using an adjustable stop. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a servomotor is used to move the third carriage along the guides. 8. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the clamping heel of the pneumatic cylinder preliminary clamping the workpiece is installed with the possibility of adjusting its extreme position. 9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pair of processing rollers is installed with the ability to adjust the distance between them.

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