RU192870U1 - Egg Cooling Incubator - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to devices for hatching agricultural and wild birds. In an incubator with an egg cooling function containing a housing with ventilation holes and cooling fans, a thermostating and humidity control system in the incubator housing, egg trays, a rotation mechanism trays and a control unit, control of cooling fans that supply air from the room in which the incubator is installed to the incubator chamber is carried out by an additional a control unit that synchronizes the inclusion of cooling fans with the inclusion of the tray rotation mechanism, having the ability to adjust the duration of the cooling fans after each inclusion of the tray rotation mechanism and is equipped with a temperature sensor that turns off the cooling fans when the temperature drops below a value set by the user, regardless of the duration of their operation set by the unit control. Technical result - an increase in the percentage of output of a fertilized egg pt. It. 2 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to devices for the output of agricultural and wild birds.

One of the methods to increase the hatchability and quality of young poultry is to periodically cool the eggs during artificial incubation [Artemov D.V. The influence of thermocontrast modes of egg incubation on embryonic development and bird productivity / Artyomov D.V. // Problems of the biology of productive animals, - 2014. - No. 1. - S. 5-20]. The method is based on data on the temperature regime of natural incubation, providing hatchability at the level of 100% of the fertilized egg, in which the brood hen periodically cools the eggs. Cooling occurs when the brood hen briefly rises from the masonry and turns over the eggs or leaves the nest for feeding. Studies studying the nesting behavior of birds and the temperature regime in the nest during natural incubation note that short-term egg cooling caused by the brood standing on the nest occurs many times a day, it is also noted that cooling occurs simultaneously with egg rotation [Bolotnikov AM , Shurakov A.I., Kamensky Yu.N., Dobrinsky L.N. 1985. Ecology of early bird ontogenesis. Sverdlovsk: 1-228., Shaffer, S.A. As the Egg Turns: Monitoring Egg Attendance Behavior in Wild Birds Using Novel Data Logging Technology / Scott A. Shaffer, Corey A. Clatterbuck, Emma C. Kelsey, Alex D. Naiman, Lindsay C. Young, Eric A. VanderWerf, Pete Warzybok , Russell Bradley, Jaime Jahncke, Geoff C. Bower // Plos one. - 2014. - V. 9. - I. 6.]. The increased gas exchange through the shell caused by short-term cooling of the egg due to a thermal change in the volume of the egg’s contents is one of the factors that have a positive effect on the development of the embryo [Otryganyeva A.F. The value of periodic temperature drops during incubation and rearing of young chickens [Text]: Abstract dis. for the degree of a candidate, scientist s. Sciences / Mosk. Order of Lenin, p. s. Acad. them. K.A. Timiryazev. - Moscow: [b. and.], 1955. - 16 p .; 20 cm., Rud A.I. Unsteady thermal regime of artificial incubation of eggs of farm birds: abstract diss. Cand. from. s. sciences. Novocherkassk. 1997. S. 16-18.]. Lowering the ambient temperature for less than 1 minute does not lower the temperature of the embryo, which allows you to maintain a stable temperature of the embryo recommended by the manufacturer of the hatching egg, however, lowering the temperature in the incubator chamber for more than 5 seconds causes cooling of the egg shell and the air contained in the subshell air spaces of an egg [Sudakov AN The effect of short-term egg cooling during incubation on the dynamics of temperature changes in bird embryos / Sudakov AN, Andrianov EA, Skolznev N.Ya., Dudin PI Veterinary medicine, livestock and biotechnology. 2019. №1. S. 106-114.]. The change in air pressure in the under-shell air spaces of an egg, caused by a change in temperature, enhances gas exchange through the pores of the shell and provides an additional influx of fresh air to the blood vessels of allantois, which is characteristic of natural incubation. The short duration and high multiplicity of egg cooling during the incubation process are crucial for the operation of the natural mechanism for enhancing gas exchange.

There is a method of cooling an egg during an artificial incubation process, in which cooling is carried out by opening the door of the incubator by a person. Cooling is carried out daily, once a day [a.s. USSR No. 812252, A01K 41/00. A method of stimulating the development of broilers / Avrutina A.Ya. Kislyuk S.M., Applicant and Patent Holder, All-Russian Research Institute of Breeding and Genetics of Farm Animals, No. 2789266 / 30-15 06/02/1979, publ. 03/15/1981, Bull. No. 10, Pat. 2342831 Russian Federation, А01К 41/00. A way to increase the output of young chickens / Suleymanov F.I. [and others], the applicant and patent holder of the Federal State-Funded Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education “Velikolukskaya State Agricultural Academy”, - No. 2007104509/12, stated 02/05/2007, publ. 10.01.2009, Bull. No. 1, Pat. 2613282 Russian Federation, A01K 41/00. A method of incubation of eggs of chicken and meat crosses / Dymkov AB, Kolokolnikova TN, Maltsev AB, applicant and patentee of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution SibNIIP, No. 201540419, publ. 22.09.2015, publ. 03/15/2017 Bull. No. 8].

The disadvantage of this method is the low cooling rate per day, and the need for human participation in the process of each cooling.

Known Brinsea incubators equipped with an egg cooling function. The incubator program allows you to choose the duration of cooling from several options (60, 120, 180, 240, 300 or 360 minutes), the cooling rate per day is fixed, single.

The disadvantage of this incubator is a narrow range of adjustments for the multiplicity and duration of cooling.

The closest (prototype) is a device for providing a thermal contrast mode in an incubator based on a programmable time relay, for example (RF Patent No. 2324968, IPC G05D 23/00, A01K 41/02. A device for providing a thermal contrast mode in an incubator / V. A. Karchkov , E.I. Fandeev, P.F. Trishechkin, S.V. Gvetadze [et al.]. - No. 2006125705/28; claimed July 17, 2006; published May 20, 2008, Bull. No. 14. - 6 sec. .)

A disadvantage of the device, the cooling frequency of which is based on a time relay, is the lack of synchronization of cooling and rotation of the egg, whereas during natural incubation, the processes of cooling and rotation of the egg occur simultaneously.

The technical result is an increase in the percentage of hatching of a fertilized bird egg.

The technical result is achieved in that in an incubator with an egg cooling function comprising a housing with ventilation holes and cooling fans, a thermostatic control system and maintaining humidity in the incubator body, egg trays, a tray rotation mechanism and a control unit, control of cooling fans supplying air from the room in which the incubator is installed in the incubator chamber is carried out by an additional control unit that synchronizes the inclusion of cooling fans with the inclusion of fur the bottom of the tray rotation, with the ability to adjust the duration of the cooling fans after each turn on of the tray rotation mechanism and equipped with a temperature sensor that turns off the cooling fans when the temperature drops below the value set by the user, regardless of the duration of their operation set by the control unit. In order to save energy consumed by the incubator with the function of cooling the egg, the ventilation openings are equipped with shutters that reduce air circulation between the incubator chamber and the surrounding air in the absence of cooling fans.

The presented cooling principle makes it possible to implement a natural mechanism for enhancing gas exchange through the shell of an egg.

In FIG. 1 shows an incubator with the function of cooling an egg with a door removed; FIG. 2 incubator with egg cooling function with a closed door.

An example implementation of the device.

The incubator consists of a housing 1, a heating element 2, a fan 3, egg trays 4, a tray turning mechanism 5, a humidifier 6, a control unit housing 7, a control unit 8, a cooling control unit 9, an information output device 10, controls 11, a sensor temperature 12, cooling temperature sensor 13, humidity sensor 14, cooling fans 15, shutters 16, incubator door 17.

The principle of operation of the incubator with the function of cooling the egg is as follows.

With the open door 17 of the housing 1, the eggs of the birds 18, intended for incubation, are placed in the egg trays 4. The door of the incubator 17 is closed, after which the power is supplied to the control unit 8 located in the body of the control unit 7. The control unit 8 controls the power supply to all executive systems of the laboratory incubator, according to the established program and data received from the temperature sensor 12, humidity sensor 14. The air in the incubator chamber is heated by heater 2. To create the same temperature in the case 1, the air is mixed by a fan 3. The mechanism for turning the trays 5 is turned on by the control unit 8 at user-defined intervals. At the time of supplying power to the rotation mechanism of the trays 5, the cooling control unit is turned on, which includes cooling fans 15 for a period of time set by the user. The air from the room in which the incubator is installed, under the influence of pressure created by the cooling fans 15, is pumped into the incubator body 1 and cools the egg to be incubated 18. Under the action of excessive air pressure in the body 1, the shutters 16 open and provide free air exit. Upon completion of the cooling time set by the user, the cooling control unit 9 stops supplying power to the cooling fans 15, in the absence of excessive pressure inside the incubator body 1, the shutters 16 are closed. If the air temperature in the incubator body 1 drops below the value set by the user and controlled by the cooling temperature sensor 15, in order to prevent overcooling of the egg 18, the cooling control unit 9 stops supplying power to the cooling fans 15 until the end of the cooling period set by the user. The incubator enters the mode of maintaining the programmed incubation parameters and is controlled by the control unit 8. The next time the tray turning mechanism 5 is turned on, the cooling cycle regulated by the cooling control unit 9 is repeated.

The proposed device allows you to implement a natural mechanism for enhancing gas exchange through the shell of an egg, based on periodic cooling of the egg, which causes a change in air pressure in the subshell air spaces.

Claims (1)

An incubator with an egg cooling function, comprising a housing with ventilation openings and cooling fans that supply air from the room in which the incubator is installed to the incubator chamber, a thermostatic control system and maintain humidity in the incubator body, egg trays, a tray rotation mechanism and a control unit, characterized in that the cooling fans are controlled by an additional control unit that synchronizes the inclusion of cooling fans with the inclusion of the mechanism for turning the trays, and having the ability to adjust the duration of the cooling fans after each turn on of the tray rotation mechanism and equipped with a temperature sensor that turns off the cooling fans when the temperature drops below a value set by the user, regardless of the duration of their work set by the control unit.

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