RU191483U1 - HYDRAULIC FASTENERS WITH ADJUSTABLE RESISTANCE AND ENERGY RECOVERY - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to mining, namely to the hydroficated support of the complex mechanized treatment faces of coal mines. The hydroformed support with adjustable resistance and energy recovery, including a hydraulic stand with a safety valve and a hydraulic lock connected to its piston cavity, a control valve connected to a pressure and drain highways and connected by control lines to the piston and rod cavities of the hydraulic stand. In addition, the support is equipped with a multiplier installed between the piston cavity of the hydraulic column and the pressure line and consisting of a housing, large and small pistons rigidly interconnected by the rod, chambers of the large and small pistons and an intermediate chamber located between them, as well as an adjustable throttle and two check valves which are installed between the multiplier and the pressure line. The technical result is to increase the efficiency of energy transfer by switching to high pressure, protected by a component ka multiplier from external impacts, reducing the structure dimensions that does not clutter your workspace in mezhstoechnoe support frame.

Description

The utility model relates to mining, namely to the hydroficated support of complex mechanized treatment faces of coal mines.

The well-known "Hydraulic rack mine support" (Patent RU 2023163, publ. 15.11.1994), including a cylinder with a sliding part, which has an inlet channel to the working cavity connected to a hydraulic lock with an unloading stop in its loading cavity, a differential fuse having a sealed input , a non-return valve, springs and a pusher installed with the possibility of interaction of one end with a non-return valve, while the differential fuse mounted on the outside of the cylinder is provided with a housing and installed coaxially with the guide in its loading cavity with the possibility of contact of the unloading stop of the hydraulic lock with the other end of the pusher, which is mounted with the possibility of axial movement in a sealed hole made in the housing, and is equipped with an annular belt located between the housing and the spring, and the loading cavity of the hydraulic lock is in communication with a subvalvular reverse cavity the valve by means of a through longitudinal channel made in the body of the pusher, and the inlet channel into the working cavity of the rack is in communication with the valve cavity of the reverse valve ana by longitudinal grooves formed on the outer surface of the differential fuse.

The disadvantages of the device are the presence of a sequentially installed safety valve and spring, which can be either “closed” or “open” in one of two states: variable multiple loads on the direct roof due to repeated successive trips of the safety valve with increasing rock pressure, leading to the phenomenon of “trampling” »Roofing rocks, which increases the likelihood of destruction and rashes of roofing rocks in the intersection space; the rock pressure control function and the function of protecting the section and rocks of the immediate roof from overloads are not separated, which does not allow each function to be configured individually; the impossibility of transferring rock pressure energy during convergence of lateral rocks into the hydraulic system of the complex; increased values of impulse loads due to the delay in opening the safety valve; the safety valve operates in a pulsed mode, which results in a variable lowering speed of the overlap of the roof support section, struts and roof.

Known hydraulic strut double sliding equal resistance (Patent RU 2327042, publ. 06/20/2008), comprising a cylinder equipped with inputs into the piston and rod cavities, a plunger of a first extension stage with a piston installed in the cylinder and a piston of a second stage installed inside the specified plunger characterized in that the piston cavity of the rod of the second stage is in communication with the rod cavity of the plunger of the first stage.

The disadvantages of the device are the presence of a sequentially installed safety valve and spring, which can be either “closed” or “open” in one of two states: variable multiple loads on the direct roof due to repeated successive trips of the safety valve with increasing rock pressure, leading to the phenomenon of “trampling” »Roofing rocks, which increases the likelihood of destruction and rashes of roofing rocks in the intersection space; the rock pressure control function and the function of protecting the section and rocks of the immediate roof from overloads are not separated, which does not allow each function to be configured individually; the impossibility of transferring rock pressure energy during convergence of lateral rocks into the hydraulic system of the complex; increased values of impulse loads due to the delay in opening the safety valve; the safety valve operates in a pulsed mode, which results in a variable lowering speed of the overlap of the roof support section, struts and roof.

Known hydraulic rack mine lining (Patent RU 2065058, publ. 08/10/1996), including a hydraulic cylinder with a piston and rod cavities and a safety device comprising a housing made with channels for connecting the piston cavity of a hydraulic stand with a drain and located in it a hydraulic balanced cylindrical spool with a spring installed in its internal cavity with the possibility of force interaction with the housing cover made with a central cylindrical protrusion entering the internal cavity of the spool a, blocking it with the formation of a hydraulic cavity for balancing the spool, and an adjustable valve for connecting this hydrocavity with a drain under dynamic loads on the rack, while the adjustable valve is located in the cylindrical protrusion of the cover, its spool is made with a groove in the middle part, and the protrusion of the cover is made with two radial channels in communication with the valve cavity formed by the groove of the spool with the walls of the protrusion, one of which is constantly connected to the cavity hydraulically balancing the spool w, and the other channel, blocked by the inner walls of the spool and the spool of the adjustable valve, is located with the possibility of connecting a hydraulically balancing valve spool to the piston cavity of the hydraulic stand through the valve cavity.

The disadvantages of the device are the presence of a sequentially installed safety valve and spring, which can be either “closed” or “open” in one of two states: variable multiple loads on the direct roof due to repeated successive trips of the safety valve with increasing rock pressure, leading to the phenomenon of “trampling” »Roofing rocks, which increases the likelihood of destruction and rashes of roofing rocks in the intersection space; the rock pressure control function and the function of protecting the section and rocks of the immediate roof from overloads are not separated, which does not allow each function to be configured individually; the impossibility of transferring the energy of rock pressure to the convergence of the lateral rocks of the roof into the hydraulic system of the complex; increased values of impulse loads due to the delay in opening the safety valve;

Known hydraulic control system for the mechanized roof section (Patent RU 2079667, publ. 05.20.1997), including a hydraulic stand with a safety valve and a hydraulic lock connected to its piston cavity, a control valve connected to the pressure and drain lines and connected by control lines to the piston and rod cavities hydrostatic, pressure boosting device in communication with the piston cavity of the hydraulic strut, non-return valve associated with the pressure boosting device and the piston cavity of the hydraulic strut, The pressure increase is made in the form of a hydraulic cylinder, inside of which there is a transverse wall with a central hole separating the high pressure chamber from the control chamber, a movable piston separating the control chamber and the low pressure chamber, a movable rod attached at one end to the piston from the control chamber side and passed through the hole of the transverse wall into the high-pressure chamber, and a retractable rod indicator attached one end to the piston from the side of the low-pressure chamber, the other end of which It was passed through an opening made in the wall of the hydraulic cylinder, while the low-pressure chamber is in communication with the pressure line of the section, the control chamber is in communication with the control line of the piston cavity of the hydraulic stand in the hydraulic control unit, and the high-pressure chamber is equipped with a shut-off adjustable valve, the input of which is in communication with it, and the outlet with the piston cavity of the hydraulic rack is directly communicated through the check valve with the control line of the piston cavity of the hydraulic column in the control unit.

The disadvantages of the device are the presence of a sequentially installed safety valve and spring, which can be either “closed” or “open” in one of two states: variable multiple loads on the direct roof due to repeated successive trips of the safety valve with increasing rock pressure, leading to the phenomenon of “trampling” »Roofing rocks, which increases the likelihood of destruction and rashes of roofing rocks in the intersection space; the rock pressure control function and the function of protecting the section and rocks of the immediate roof from overloads are not separated, which does not allow each function to be configured individually; increased values of impulse loads due to the delay in opening the safety valve.

Known Hydroficated support with adjustable resistance and energy recovery (Patent RU 2510460, publ. March 27, 2014), adopted as a prototype, including a hydraulic stand with a safety valve and a hydraulic lock connected to its piston cavity, a control valve connected to the pressure and drain lines and connected by lines control with a piston and rod cavities of a hydraulic rack, a multiplier installed between the piston cavity of a hydraulic column and a pressure line and consisting of a housing, large and small pistons, rigidly internal between the rod, chambers of the large and small pistons and an intermediate chamber located between them, as well as an adjustable throttle and two check valves that are installed between the multiplier and the pressure line, while the chamber of the large piston of the multiplier is connected to the pressure line through two parallel lines, in one of which an adjustable throttle and a check valve are installed in series, and in the other line, a check valve is installed, the chamber of the small multiplier piston is connected to Neva gidrostoyki cavity and the intermediate chamber multiplier connected with the atmosphere through the compensation opening.

The disadvantage of the invention is that the presence of a sequentially installed safety valve and spring, which can be in one of two states “closed” or “open” causes a change in pressure in the pressure line along its entire length due to friction losses in the areas of flow of the working fluid when performing various operations affect the operation mode of the device; the design in the form of a separate hydraulic cylinder takes place.

The technical result is to increase the efficiency of energy transfer by switching to increased pressure, protected multiplier layout from external influences, reducing the dimensions of the structure, which does not clutter the inter-rack working space in the lining section.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the multiplier is installed inside the cavity of the rod of the second stage of the hydraulic stand, while the chamber of the small piston of the multiplier is connected in series by the cavity in the rod, the hole in the piston and the piston cavity of the second stage with the piston cavity of the hydraulic stand, and in the line connecting the chamber of the larger piston with pressure line, additionally installed in series with the throttle stop valve.

The device is illustrated by the following figure:

FIG. 1 - Hydroficated roof support with adjustable resistance and energy recovery, where:

1 - multiplier;

2 - check valve;

3 - throttle;

4 - backup valve;

5 - safety valve;

6 - water lock;

7 - hydrostand;

8 - piston cavity;

9 - valve body control;

10 - pressure line;

11 - drain line;

12 - compensation hole;

13 - a chamber of small diameter;

14 - a larger diameter chamber;

15 - piston cavity of the second stage;

16 - rod cavity;

17-tubular rod.

Hydroficated support with adjustable resistance and energy recovery includes a hydraulic stand 7 with a safety valve 5 connected to its piston cavity 8 and a hydraulic lock 6, a control valve 9 connected to the pressure line 10 and the drain line 11 and connected by control lines to the piston cavity 8 and the rod cavity 16 hydrostatic 7, while it is equipped with a multiplier 1, installed between the piston cavity 8 of the hydrostatic 7 and the pressure line 10 and consisting of a housing, large and small pistons, rigidly connected internal to each other by the stem, the chamber of the large piston 14 and the chamber of the small piston 13, and the intermediate chamber located between them, as well as the adjustable throttle 3 and check valves that are installed between the multiplier 1 and the pressure line 10. The chamber of the large piston 14 of the multiplier 1 is connected to pressure line 10 through two parallel lines, in one of which are installed sequentially arranged adjustable throttle 3 and stop valve 4, and in the other line - check valve 2. Chamber of small piston 13 of multiplier 1 connected to the piston cavity 8 of the hydraulic stand 7, and the intermediate chamber of the multiplier 1 is connected to the atmosphere by a compensation hole 12. The multiplier 1 is installed inside the tubular rod 17, in its upper part, without the possibility of displacement of its body relative to the tubular rod 17. In this case, the chamber of the small piston 13 of the multiplier 1 is connected to the piston cavity 8 by a consecutive hole in the piston of the second stage, the piston cavity of the second stage 15 of the hydraulic stand 7, the check valve of the piston of the first stage, and in line inyayuschey larger piston chamber 1 of the multiplier 14 with the pressure line 10, further between the inductor 3 and the pressure line 10 is sequentially throttle 3, the booster valve 4.

The claimed device - "Hydroficated support with adjustable resistance and energy recovery" works as follows.

The hydraulic struts of the lining section work cyclically and several operations are performed during the work cycle. Throughout the cycle, a constant atmospheric pressure is maintained in the intermediate chamber of the multiplier 1 connected by the compensation hole 12 to the atmosphere.

The first operation is the unloading of the hydraulic stand 7 and the movement of the hydraulic support. To move the lining, the control unit 9 switches to position 2 (moving). The fluid from the pressure line 10 flows through a hydraulic line into the rod cavities 16 of the hydraulic stand 7, and from the piston cavity 8 of the hydraulic stand 7, the liquid is displaced through the open hydraulic lock 6 and the control valve 9 into the drain line 11. The hydraulic stand 7 is lowered. From the pressure line 10, the fluid is fed through the hydraulic lines and the check valve 2 to the chamber of the larger piston 14 of the multiplier 1. From the chamber of the small piston 13 of the multiplier 1, the hole is displaced through the internal cavity in the tubular rod 17 through the internal cavity in the piston cavity of the second stage 15.

The double piston of the multiplier 1 is installed in the initial ("charged") position, which corresponds to the maximum volume of the chamber of the small piston 13 through the base and overlap in the soil and roof.

The second operation is the spreader of the hydraulic stand 7 of the hydraulic support. To expand the hydraulic stand 7, the hydraulic control unit 9 switches to position 1 (operating position), the liquid from the pressure line 10 through a hydraulic line enters through the hydraulic lock 6 into the piston cavity 8 of the hydraulic stand 7, into the piston cavity of the second stage 15, through the hole of the second stage cavity in the piston of the second stage , along the inner cavity of the rod of the second stage, and into the chamber of the small piston 13. In the chamber of the large piston 14 of the multiplier 1, an equal pressure is maintained by the free flow of fluid from the pressure line 10 through the check valve 2. The pressure in shnevoy cavity 8 reaches the pressure value corresponding to the initial thrust. The pressure in the chamber of the small piston 13 increases.

The extension of the hydraulic stand 7 ends with its spread through the base and the overlap in the soil and roof. At the end of the expansion process, the control unit 9 is moved to position 0 (neutral). The piston cavity 8 is disconnected from the pressure line 10. When the roof settles, the pressure in the piston cavity 8 of the hydraulic stand 7 increases, and accordingly, the pressure in the chamber of the small piston 13 increases and reaches the lower control range.

The third operation is rock pressure control. In rock pressure control mode, the twin pistons of the multiplier 1 are in the lower position. When lowering the roof, the pressure in the piston cavity 8 of the hydraulic rack 7 increases.

The twin pistons begin to move upward, displacing the liquid from the chamber of a larger diameter 14 through the check valve 4 and the throttle 3 into the pressure line 10 while loading on the hydraulic stand 7, more than the lower boundary of the regulation zone, increasing flexibility or reducing the rigidity of the hydraulic stand 7. The flexibility of the hydraulic stand 7 is adjustable throttle 3, and its opening is regulated in proportion to the pressure in the piston cavity 8 of the hydraulic stand 7, then the pressure in the piston cavity 8 can change with a smooth lowering of the roof, from the upper boundary to n lower limit of the control range without causing the safety valve to trip 5. Compared to existing supports, a transition from dynamic pulse control to continuous static control is possible, which increases the reliability and accuracy of regulation of the resistance of the hydraulic stand 7 to lowering the roof. Also, trampling of the roof, which occurs during the periodic operation of the safety valve, is excluded.

With a sharp block lowering of the roof and insufficient throughput of the throttle 3, it is possible to stop the double piston in the upper part of the multiplier 1. This is an emergency mode of operation and in this case the safety valve 5 will work. The hydroficated support will start to work in the equal resistance mode with a pulse operating characteristic. It should be noted that the fast flow of fluid with the maximum throttle 3 into the pressure line 10 reduces the pressure in the piston cavity 8, compared with the circuit without a multiplier and throttle 3, while the limiting dynamic loads experienced by the hydraulic stand are reduced 7. From the end of the excavation cycle of the hydraulic stand 7 the section is unloaded, the ratio, while the twin pistons occupy the original position. Multiplier 1 is ready for a new cycle.

Claims (1)

Hydroficated support with adjustable resistance and energy recovery, including a hydraulic stand with a safety valve and a hydraulic lock connected to its piston cavity, a control valve connected to the pressure and drain lines and connected by control lines to the piston and rod cavities of the hydraulic stand, while it is equipped with a multiplier installed between chambers with a piston cavity and a pressure line and consisting of a housing, large and small pistons rigidly interconnected by a rod, chambers large and small pistons and an intermediate chamber located between them, as well as an adjustable throttle and two check valves that are installed between the multiplier and the pressure line, while the camera of the large piston of the multiplier is connected to the pressure line through two parallel lines, one of which is installed in series an adjustable throttle and a check valve are located, and a check valve is located in the other line, the chamber of the small piston of the multiplier is connected to the piston cavity of the hydraulic stand, and the multiplier’s interstitial chamber is connected to the atmosphere through a compensation hole, characterized in that the multiplier is installed inside the stem cavity of the second stage of the hydraulic stand, while the small piston chamber of the multiplier is connected in series with the cavity in the rod, the hole in the piston and the second stage piston cavity with the piston cavity of the hydraulic stand, and in the line connecting the chamber of the larger piston to the pressure line, an additional check valve is additionally installed in series with the throttle.

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