RU190730U1 - OIL SEPARATOR OF THE VENTILATION SYSTEM OF THE CARTER ENGINE OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION - Google Patents

Abstract

The oil separator of the crankcase ventilation system of the internal combustion engine is designed for a closed ICE ventilation system. The oil separator comprises a housing consisting of a main part (1) and a cover (2). The housing has an inlet (3) for receiving a gas-liquid mixture from the engine, an outlet (4) for releasing the cleaned crankcase gases and draining them into the engine intake system, and a drain (5) for the liquid. A shield (6) with a porous material (7) fixed to it and a partition (8) with nozzles (9) and pressure control valves (10) are installed inside the housing. The nozzles (9) are elongated by the tubes (11), and the inlet (12) into the nozzles has the shape of a truncated cone. A membrane (16) is installed in the end part of the housing, with a control spring (17). Outside, the membrane (16) is pressed by a cover (18) made with an opening (19) for supplying air to the membrane. To drain the deposited liquid in the partition (8), a hole (20) is provided, and in the screen (6) - grooves (21). The problem was solved to improve the operational characteristics of the device by increasing the efficiency of oil separation.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of mechanical engineering, namely, to devices for separation of gases from liquid from a dispersed two-phase flow, and can be used to separate oil from crankcase gases in the crankcase ventilation system of an internal combustion engine.

Known oil separator ventilation system of an internal combustion engine, comprising a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles, on opposite inclined walls of which are fixed alternately with the formation of a labyrinth channel oil separating partitions, and a chamber for circulating coolant, adjacent partitions are angled to each other, and the chamber for coolant circulation is made in the housing from one of these walls along the entire labyrinth channel (patent RU No. 2036317, IPC F01M 13/04 (1995.01), F01M 11/08 (1995.01), published 27.05.1995).

A disadvantage of the known device is that with an increase in the amount of oil in the crankcase gases at the exit of the node, a significant increase in hydraulic resistance is observed, which leads to a decrease in the efficiency of the process of oil deposition. In addition, the device has large dimensions.

Known oil separator ventilation system crankcase of an internal combustion engine, comprising a housing having an inlet for receiving a gas-oil mixture from the engine and an outlet for releasing separated gases, as well as an outlet for oil, a spiral wall mounted in the housing, directing the flow from the inlet to the outlet, while being formed the spiral wall of the channel is made increasing in width between the entrance and exit, the entrance is located in the lower part tangentially to the inner surface of the cylindrical body, in addition, The equipment is equipped with an oil-suction net placed in the center of the case, as well as along its inner surface and spiral wall, and a valve connected to the outlet pipe of separated gases (RU Patent No. 111583 (option 2), IPC F01M 13/04 (2006.01), publ. 12/20/2011).

This oil separator has a small size and small resistance, but still does not effectively deposit oil mist, fine oil particles can be carried away with crankcase gases, especially with increasing crankcase gases as the internal combustion engine deteriorates and the amount of crankcase gases increases.

Also known oil separator, selected as a prototype for the combination of essential features and the claimed technical result, which relates to inertial-gas-liquid separators, comprising a housing having an inlet for receiving a gas-liquid flow, an outlet for the release of gas flow and a drain for the liquid, as well as an inertial screen installed in the housing with a rough porous collection surface for coalescing fluid and a partition with nozzles / holes (US 6290738 (B1), IPC B01 D 45/08, B01D 50/00, published on 18.09.2001).

Passing through the holes / nozzles, the gas-liquid flow or aerosol accelerates to high speeds and hits the inertial screen. This leads to the separation of liquid particles from the stream, as well as a change in the direction of the crankcase gases.

The disadvantage of this oil separator is that it has a sufficiently high resistance and can work effectively only with a small consumption of crankcase gases, and an increase in the flow of crankcase gases will lead to an increase in pressure of crankcase gases in the engine and to a decrease in the efficiency of oil separation.

The task, which is aimed at solving the claimed technical solution, is to improve the operational characteristics of the device by increasing the efficiency of oil separation.

To solve the problem, the oil separator of the crankcase ventilation system of the internal combustion engine, comprising a housing having an inlet for receiving a gas-liquid mixture from the engine, an outlet for discharging cleaned crankcase gases and a drain for liquid installed inside a screen with a porous material fixed on it and a partition with nozzles, additionally contains pressure control valves installed in the partition along with nozzles that are elongated by tubes and have a truncated inlet Foot of the cone, with a screen provided grooves in the partition wall an aperture for draining fluid and the spout has a well to collect it, in addition, the end portion of the housing is installed membrane with control spring, closed lid with openings for supplying air to the membrane. In the particular case of execution, the oil separator housing consists of two parts: the main part and the cover.

The set of distinctive features is that the oil separator additionally contains pressure control valves installed in the partition along with nozzles that are elongated by tubes and have a truncated cone inlet, with grooves provided in the screen, and a hole in the partition is made the drain pipe has a well for its collection, in addition, a membrane with a regulating spring is installed in the end part of the body, closed with a lid with openings for supplying air to the membrane, allowing a lower hydraulic flow resistance, increase the effect of coalescence, oil separation to increase efficiency and thereby improve the operating characteristics of the device.

The claimed technical solution is illustrated by the following drawings:

FIG. 1 - oil separator of the crankcase ventilation system of an internal combustion engine, general view in longitudinal section;

FIG. 2 - the same, in cross section;

FIG. 3 - the internal part of the oil separator;

FIG. 4 - oil separator partition;

FIG. 5 - screen oil separator.

The oil separator of the ventilation system of the crankcase of an internal combustion engine is intended for a closed ventilation system of the internal combustion engine. The oil separator includes a housing consisting of the main part 1 and the cover 2. The housing has an inlet 3 for receiving gas-liquid mixture from the engine, an outlet 4 for releasing the cleaned crankcase gases and draining them into the engine intake system, and the drain pipe 5 for liquid. Inside the case there is a screen 6 with a porous material 7 fixed on it and a partition 8 with nozzles 9 and pressure control valves 10. The nozzles 9 are elongated by tubes 11, and the inlet 12 to the nozzles has the shape of a truncated cone. The valves 10 have a housing 13 with ribs defining the direction of movement of the valve, and are equipped with a spring 14 and a guide 15. In the front part of the housing there is a membrane made of elastic material 16 with a regulating spring 17. Outside the membrane 16 is preloaded with a cover 18 made with holes 19 for air supply to the membrane. Located in the housing end of the outlet nozzle 4 is located in the middle of the membrane.

For removal of precipitated liquid in the partition 8 is provided with a hole 20, and in the screen 6 - grooves 21.

The drain pipe 5 includes a lug 22, having a threaded hole for installing fitting 23, and a place for collecting oil - well 24.

The cover 2 is connected to the main part 1 through the sealing ring 25.

The oil separator works as follows.

Conventionally, the following zones can be distinguished in the oil separator:

- zone I - the entrance to the oil separator gas-liquid flow;

- Zone II - direct separation of oil from the gas-liquid flow and rotation of the crankcase gases;

- Zone III - rotation of crankcase gases, accumulation and discharge of separated oil (the zone is connected with the crankcase space through a hydraulic lock or non-return valve);

- Zone IV - the output of the purified crankcase gases from the oil separator.

Gas-liquid flow enters the oil separator through the pipe 3, located in the lower part of the body of the oil separator. In zone I, the flow turns and rises to the nozzles 9 and valves 10, while the coarse-dispersed part of the oil separates from the gas-liquid flow, which accumulates and flows through the opening 20 in the partition 8.

Nozzles 9, elongated by tubes 11, are mounted on the partition 8 so that between them and the porous material 7 fixed on the inertial screen 6 there is a sufficient gap that would effectively coalesce, precipitate oil, and not create much resistance to gas-liquid flow.

Material 7 is a porous fine fibrous structure, upon impact on which the smallest particles of liquid are effectively deposited.

The gas-liquid flow, passing through the nozzles 9, enters zone II (direct separation of oil from the gas-liquid flow and rotation of crankcase gases), the flow rate increases as much as possible and the flow hits the material 7, and a fine part of the oil (oil mist) is separated from the gas-liquid flow due to coalescence, and the cleaned crankcase gases turn around and lose speed. Due to the expansion of zone II (direct separation of oil from the gas-liquid flow and reversal of crankcase gases), the resistance to flow of crankcase gases is significantly reduced. Also, reducing the resistance to gas-liquid flow and improving coalescence, oil deposition on material 7 is affected by the fact that the inlets 12 of the nozzles 9 are made in the form of a truncated cone, and the nozzles themselves 9 are elongated by tubes 11, which allows accelerating the flow of crankcase gases and more targeted and concentrated strike gas-liquid flow of material 7, to expand the zone of direct oil separation.

Coalesced oil seeps into the grooves 21 on the screen 6, accumulating and turning into a drop-like state, flows to the wall of the screen 6, while completely removed from the flow of crankcase gases.

An increase in the flow rate of crankcase gases leads to an increase in pressure drop in zone I (entrance to the gas-liquid flow separator) and zone II (direct separation of oil from the gas-liquid flow and rotation of the crankcase gases), therefore, at a certain value of pressure drop, valves 10 start to open, passing through which gas-liquid the flow hits the walls of the valve body 13 and then the material 7, where a fine part of the oil is effectively separated from the gas-liquid flow. Bypassing the gas-liquid flow through the valves 10 can significantly reduce the resistance of the oil separator at high flow rates of crankcase gases, thereby reducing the pressure of the crankcase gases in the engine.

Further, the cleaned crankcase gases enter zone III (rotation of crankcase gases, accumulation and discharge of separated oil), where their speed drops to a minimum, which prevents the secondary carry-over of oil. Accumulated in the slots 21, the oil flows into the walls of the cover 2 of the housing, through which it is poured into the well 24 to collect oil, from where it is removed through the drain fitting 23 into the engine crankcase. When installing the oil separator on the engine well 24 to collect oil and drain fitting 23 are located at the lowest point of the oil separator.

Next, the purified crankcase gases enter zone IV (the output of the purified crankcase gases from the oil separator) to the outlet 4.

At certain negative pressures (discharge) at the inlet to the turbocharger, due to increased contamination of the air filter element, the membrane 16, overcoming the force of the spring 17, closes the outlet of the oil separator, thereby preventing a significant pressure drop in the crankcase cavity.

The cleaned crankcase gases are fed back into the engine intake air duct.

The claimed technical solution allows to significantly reduce the resistance of the oil separator flow of crankcase gases, to increase the operating range of the oil separator without reducing the efficiency of cleaning crankcase gases from oil.

The claimed technical solution meets the requirement of industrial applicability and is possible for implementation on standard process equipment.

Claims (2)

1. The oil separator of the crankcase ventilation system of an internal combustion engine, comprising a housing having an inlet for receiving a gas-liquid mixture from the engine, an outlet for discharging cleaned crankcase gases and a drain for liquid, an internal screen with a porous material fixed on it and a partition with nozzles, characterized in that it additionally contains pressure control valves installed in the partition along with nozzles that are elongated with tubes and have a frustoconical entrance ca, wherein in the screen are provided grooves in the partition wall an aperture for draining fluid and the spout has a well to collect it, in addition, the end portion of the housing is installed with the regulating diaphragm spring, closed lid with openings for supplying air to the membrane. 2. Oil separator according to Claim. 1, characterized in that the housing consists of two parts: the main part and the cover.

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