RU190164U1 - PISTON PUMP - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to mining and can be used to mechanize blasting operations when loading wells with emulsion explosives. The main cylinder is rigidly fixed to the body with parts connected by studs through holes in equilateral triangular and equilateral quadrilateral plates. In the main and auxiliary cylinders placed plastic balls, overlapping the suction and discharge valves.

Description

The invention relates to mining and can be used for mechanization of blasting operations when loading wells with emulsion explosives.

Known piston machine (application for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 94028155, publ. 20.05.1997). The piston machine contains opposed cylinders with pistons, a crank shaft for selecting and supplying power, kinematically connected with the pistons through an intermediate crankshaft mounted eccentrically in the crank, and a synchronization mechanism for rotation of the intermediate crankshaft and crank by means of guides and sliders. New in the piston machine is the implementation of an intermediate crankshaft of a different configuration with additional necks for sliders and a different arrangement of guide sliders, which eliminated the console of the intermediate crankshaft, as well as its bending from loads.

The disadvantage of this invention is the inability to use for pumping, as well as accurate dosing of two or more chemically interacting products.

Known cylinder-piston unit with axial drive (RF patent No. 2371609, publ. 10.27.2009, bull. No. 30). A cylinder-piston assembly with an axial drive contains a cylinder and a piston installed with the possibility of reciprocating movement in the axial direction of the cylinder between the first piston position, in which the volume of the cylinder cavity is limited by the piston and cylinder, and the second piston position, in which this volume of the cylinder cavity is minimal. The drive element is installed with the possibility of reciprocating movement in the axial direction of the cylinder and is mechanically connected to the piston by means of a piston rod. The piston rod at its first end and / or at its second end by means of an elastic device is connected with the piston or with a drive element with the possibility of axial movement relative to the piston or the driving element against the pre-stress force of the elastic device. When the piston is moved to the second piston position to the head end wall, the piston body comes into contact with the head end wall of the cylinder bore. Further movement of the drive element occurs against the action of the elastic device, so that the drive element is braked.

The disadvantage of this invention is the inability to use for pumping, as well as accurate dosing of two or more chemically interacting products.

Known cylinder-piston unit (US patent No. 5525845). In this assembly, the piston rod is rigidly connected to both the axially movable drive element of the linear actuator and the piston. During operation of a piston driven from a linear motor, a mode can be created in which the axial reciprocating movement of a unit consisting of a movable drive element, a piston rod and a piston created by a linear motor develops an increased amplitude of reciprocating movement, so that base cylinder groove. This can cause damage to the piston body or the head end wall of the cylinder bore.

The disadvantage of this invention is the inability to use for pumping, as well as accurate dosing of two or more chemically interacting products.

Known piston machine double action (RF patent No. 2037623, publ. 19.06.1995). The inventive machine includes a cylinder divided by a piston into the pre-piston and sub-piston cavities, through which the cylinder head also passes a rod pivotally connected to the piston and mated by means of a seal with a washer movably installed in the cover socket. The machine provides double action without the use of a crosshead with guides, which simplifies the design, reduces the size and weight.

The disadvantage of this invention is the inability to use for pumping, as well as accurate dosing of two or more chemically interacting products.

A two-cylinder piston pump is known (USSR Patent No. 1780556, publ. 12/7/1992), comprising a housing with cylinders in which movable pistons are mounted, connected by actuator rods and forming two piston chambers with a suction and discharge valve in each of them.

The disadvantage of this invention is the inability to use for pumping, as well as accurate dosing of two or more chemically interacting products.

Known two-cylinder piston pump with double-acting cylinders (RF patent №41811, publ. 10.11.2004, bull. №31), adopted for the prototype. The device includes a housing with cylinders, in which pistons are mounted, connected by rods with a drive and forming two piston and two rod chambers with a suction and discharge valve in each of them, while the pressure valves of the rod chambers are equipped with a drive for lifting them and fixing them in a raised position, and the drive rod of each drive is displayed outside the rod chamber.

The disadvantage of this invention is the inability to use for pumping and accurate dosing of two or more components that are chemically active among themselves.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to expand the scope of application due to the possibility of pumping two or more components that are chemically active with each other with accurate batch dosing.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a piston pump comprising a housing, cylinders in which pistons are mounted associated with a drive, forming piston and rod chambers with a suction and discharge valve in each of them, according to the invention, the main cylinder is rigidly fixed to the housing and made detachable with the connection of parts by studs through holes in equilateral triangular and equilateral quadrilateral plates, the dependent cylinder is made of a smaller volume and is hinged on the U-shaped rocker and fork Articulating arm-screw, connecting the main cylinder with a drive, with a cylinder formed within each hydraulic circuit is switched depending on the travel direction using plastic balls, overlying suction and discharge valves.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the pistons are equipped with sealing rings made of non-metallic material.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that it is equipped with a rotating counter of the number of cycles of operation of the pump, in contact with the moving reciprocating part of the pump.

The piston pump is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a general view of the device from the side; FIG. 2 shows the device, a view of the main cylinder from above; FIG. 3 shows the device, a section along the fork lever; FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the operation of the pumping part of the device when moving the rod; FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the operation of the pumping part of the device during the return movement, where:

1 - case;

2 - the main cylinder rigidly fixed on the housing 1;

3 - auxiliary cylinder, hinged to the housing 1;

4 - swivel joints;

5 - the piston of the main or auxiliary cylinder;

6 - a rod of the main or auxiliary cylinder;

7 - suction and injection valves (depending on the direction of the stroke of the rod);

8 - plastic balls, switching the suction and discharge valves 7 during the reciprocating movement of the rods 6;

9 - fork pivot arm;

10 - drive connected through forked pivot arm 9 with rods 6 of the main 2 or auxiliary 3 cylinders;

11 - mounting the housing 1;

12 - studs for fastening the main cylinder 2 to the housing 1;

13 - studs for fastening a part of the main cylinder 2 to the housing 1;

14 - U-shaped rocker, mounted for rotation on the housing 1;

15 - the number of cycles counter;

16 - fastening the counter of the number of cycles;

17 - equilateral triangular plates with holes for studs 13;

18 is an equilateral quadrilateral plate with holes for studs 12;

19 - direction of exit of the pumped liquid.

Pumping highly viscous emulsions to load the ascending wells requires the creation of a piston pump capable of pumping components that react chemically with each other, such as ammonium nitrate emulsion and sodium nitrite solution, which, after gasification, mixes an emulsion explosive after gasification. It is necessary to observe clear proportions of the pumped components, the violation leads to critical deviations in the composition of the final product. If necessary, this piston pump can be equipped with additional cylinders for pumping components.

A piston pump with double-acting cylinders includes a housing 1, to which the main cylinder 2 is rigidly fixed with equilateral triangular plates 17 with holes for studs 13 and an equilateral quadrilateral plate 18 with holes for studs 12. This solution improves the convenience of repairing the device and facilitates technical operations maintenance of pump assemblies. The auxiliary cylinder 3 is hinged to the housing 1 by means of the hinge connections 4. The main cylinder 1 and the auxiliary cylinder 3 contain pistons 5 of different sizes connected to the rods 5, as well as suction and discharge valves 7 (depending on the direction of the rod travel). To switch the valves 7 inside the main 2 and auxiliary 3 cylinders are placed with the possibility of linear movement of the plastic balls 8, switching the suction and discharge valves 7 during reciprocating movements of the rods 6. The fork articulated arm 9 is hinged in the U-shaped rocker arm 14 fixed in turn rotatably on the housing 1. The fork articulated arm 9 connects the actuator 10 to the rods 6 of the main 2 or auxiliary 3 cylinders. In the lower part of the housing 1, fastenings 11 are provided for mounting the piston pump on the frame (conventionally not shown). To be able to count the amount of material, the piston pump can be equipped with a rotating counter of the number of cycles 11 of pump operation, in contact with the moving reciprocating part of the pump. The counter of the number of cycles 15 is fixed on the mounts 16 of the counter of the number of cycles.

Piston pump works as follows. The housing 1 is fixed on a device intended for the transportation of components intended for pumping or a separate chassis, hydraulically connected to containers with pumped products. The actuator 10 is connected fork articulated lever 9 with rods 6 main 2 or auxiliary 3 cylinders. The actuator 10 causes the lever 9 in the reciprocating motion. Before first use, the hydraulic circuit of the piston pump is filled with water to eliminate the creation of air plugs in the system. Reciprocating movement of the rods 6 of the main 2 and auxiliary 3 cylinders and pistons 5 with the creation of a directional flow in the direction 19 of the pumped liquid. When a vacuum is created in the piston or rod chambers, the pumped medium is sucked through the suction valves 7, and the pumped fluid is pumped out of the piston chambers and rod chambers, respectively, through the discharge valves. Swivels 4 help minimize the dynamic loads on the piston pump assemblies, as well as facilitate inspection and maintenance of the pump. Due to the use of plastic balls 8, switching suction and discharge valves 7 during reciprocating movement of rods 6, greater safety of the device is achieved, with excessive pressure the balls can collapse and reduce the pressure in the system. If necessary, each pump circuit can be equipped with a pressure gauge (not shown conventionally).

The use of a piston pump provides the following benefits:

- expansion of the field of application of the device due to the possibility of pumping chemically active substances with each other;

- the possibility of creating a large pressure for pumping in compliance with safety conditions;

- simplify the design of the device.

Claims (2)

1. Piston pump, comprising a housing, cylinders in which pistons are installed associated with a drive, forming piston and rod chambers with a suction and discharge valve in each of them, characterized in that the main cylinder is rigidly fixed on the housing with parts connected by studs through holes in equilateral triangular and equilateral quadrilateral plates, and in the main and auxiliary cylinders placed plastic balls, overlapping the suction and discharge valves. 2. A piston pump according to Claim. 1, characterized in that it is provided with a rotating counter of the number of cycles of operation of the pump in contact with the moving reciprocating part of the pump.

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