RU189891U1 - Swivel head for manual drilling rig - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to swivels-nozzles for a manual drilling rig, including those using muscular force and intended for drilling domestic wells on water in the ground with flushing up to 50 m in depth using rotary drilling with water. A swivel attachment for a manual drilling rig comprising a side branch pipe for supplying flushing fluid, a rotating shaft inside the housing with holes for supplying water to the drill rods, a chamber formed by the housing walls and a shaft, sealing rings and bearings e support, wherein the housing is detachably composed of two interconnected parts - upper and lower; the camera is located in the lower part of the swivel, the sealing rings are cuffs in contact with the outer surface of the shaft and installed in the housing in the space bounded by the chamber, the bearings are located between the shaft and the housing in the upper housing, and the rotating shaft is designed as a single part, the end of which serves to connect with the drive.

Description

The utility model relates to swivels-nozzles for a manual drilling rig, including those using muscular strength and intended for drilling domestic wells into water in the ground with flushing up to 50 meters in depth using rotary drilling with water. The proposed swivel head for a manual drilling rig can be used in drilling rigs to create wells for collecting and lifting groundwater from aquifers, drilling artesian wells, wells, and also wells in summer cottages and vegetable gardens.

During the search, well-known rigs to the applicant were studied, in which the designs of swivels were described.

Known swivels used in the composition of the drilling rig, columns or towers in the mining industry, as well as for drilling gas and oil wells. The swivels of these units and drilling machines are rigidly fixed to the rods and various drilling solutions are used for drilling, which are fed into the swivel from above, as well as oil chambers, which causes the design of the swivels (for example, ed. USSR No. 48040, NKI 5a, 34/20 , 1936; ed. USSR №651114, Е21В 21/02, 1979; SU 1506067, Е21В 21/02, 1989; SU 1723298, Е21В 3/02, 1992; RU 2470139, Е21В 21/02, 2012; RU 2562623 , Е21В 21/02, 2015; utility model RU 11110, Е21В 21/02, 1999; US 1596144, Е21В 21/02, 1926; US 3804186, Е21В21 / 10, 1974; US 6105692, Е21В 21/02, 2000; WO 2017091495, Е21В 3/025, 2017, etc.).

These swivels are heavy, rigidly fixed on the drill rods and can not be used in manual drilling rigs, because these swivels are not held by the driller’s muscular strength.

Known swivels for drilling large-diameter wells in a rotational way with back-flushing for drilling rigs, containing pipes for supplying air mixture and drilling mud, working alternately. One of the swivels is distribution and the other is for backwashing. Swivels are located at different ends of the lead pipe (SU 1093786, Е21В 21/02, 1984; SU 1204693, Е21В 21/02, 1986).

The disadvantage of swivels is the complexity of manufacturing, large weight and time-consuming technological process of drilling.

Known installation, providing continuous circulation of the drilling fluid during drilling. In the circulation block - the housing contains a central channel designed to accommodate part of the pipe; the central channel is limited by the upper and lower ring sealing elements, which are rotatably supported on the housing; sealing elements have a central hole, which, when expanding these sealing elements, is made with the ability to close or tightly cover the pipe, resting against the inner sealing surface into the pipe; and the shut-off valve in the closed position forms a sealed barrier between the upper and lower chambers in the housing. Each of the sealing elements is hermetically connected with a rotatable packer tube projecting into a corresponding chamber and surrounded by a packer, which fits snugly to the periphery of the packer tube and to the body. The housing is divided into two chambers by means of a check valve, which in the open position forms a central opening connecting the two indicated chambers, and in the closed position forms a hermetic partition between the said chambers. The shut-off valve, for example, may be a ball valve, the axis of rotation of which is perpendicular to the central axis of the circulation unit. Each of the two chambers contains a channel for entering the drilling fluid, connected to the drilling fluid supply system by means of the first and second drilling pipelines, and an associated valve system for directing the drilling fluid to the corresponding chamber, and also possibly for ensuring the drainage of the chamber . The third drilling fluid piping, which connects to the specified drilling fluid supply system and valve system, also connects to a safety sub, which is designed to connect to the upper end of the pipe in order to guide the drilling fluid into the pipe. The safety sub is installed with the possibility of rotation relative to the third pipeline for drilling mud (RU 2610054, EV 19/16, 2017).

The described swivel is difficult to manufacture and operate, as For alternate feeding into the swivel, several drilling fluids are used, which are fed under pressure through various openings in the housing of the swivel. The flow of drilling fluids is controlled by a switching valve, for example, a ball valve. The swivel is bulky, heavy and cannot be used for manual drilling.

Known drilling swivel gland for drilling with simultaneous casing, comprising a housing connected to a casing, a pipe for connecting to a drill string, a sub for connecting to the drive and the input for flushing fluid. The casing is additionally equipped with a rotating pusher, made in the form of a hollow cylinder with the lower hub part, moving up and down along the inner surface of the casing to transfer axial multidirectional loads to the casing at the expense of bearings located in the upper and lower parts of the casing, sealed by an stuffing box from the flushing fluid entering the annulus of the housing through an additional side entrance, while the housing does not rotate. The flushing fluid is supplied to the swivel from above under pressure and there is an additional side entrance for the flushing fluid. This swivel (useful model RU 172469, Е21В 21/02, 2017). According to the scope of this patent, a swivel seal is mining and construction and can be used for drilling with simultaneous casing of vertical, inclined, vertical-horizontal exploration, water intake, and hydrodilum wells in loose, unstable, prone to collapse, watered and flowing mountain rocks for supplying drilling mud and connecting with the drill and casing.

For drilling with this equipment, it is necessary to use special equipment and a team of qualified drillers, since swivel complete with casing and drill pipe has a huge weight. Therefore, the described swivel can not be used in manual drilling.

Known swivel mobile installation for drilling wells (RU 2401376, Е21В 3/00, 2010). On pages 4 and 5 of the description and FIG. 5, a swivel is described and shown, comprising a housing with a side branch pipe for supplying a washing liquid, a rotating shaft with holes for supplying water to the drill rods, a chamber formed by the walls of the housing and a shaft, sealing rings and bearing supports. Swivel housing is made of one piece. The swivel shaft for the water supply is installed in the bearing supports and is made with intersecting radial and axial bores. Bearing bearings are located on the ends of the shaft. Sealing rings are seals installed in the grooves on the shaft, and are in contact with the inner surface of the housing. When drilling seals rotate with the shaft. Water may be used as a washing liquid. The swivel is heavy and bulky, it cannot be mounted on the barbell manually and moved along it with the help of muscular strength. Therefore, the swivel is mounted on the rod and moves along the rod with the help of special tools, such as a carriage mounted on sliders to move along vertical guides.

The disadvantage of the swivel for mobile installation is the complexity of assembly and disassembly of the swivel, because for disassembly it is necessary to remove the bearings, which requires special equipment, and almost completely disassemble the swivel. The consequence of this is low maintainability, because disassemble and repair this swivel in field conditions is impossible.

The closest to the technical nature of the claimed is the swivel nozzle manual drilling rig, comprising a housing with a side pipe for supplying a flushing fluid, a rotating shaft located inside the housing with holes for supplying water to the drill rods, a chamber formed by the walls of the housing and the shaft, sealing rings and bearing support, and the case is made detachable, consisting of two interconnected parts - the lower and upper; the chamber is located at the bottom of the swivel, the sealing rings are cuffs in contact with the outer surface of the shaft and installed in the housing in the space bounded by the chamber, and the bearings are located between the shaft and the housing in the upper housing. The rotating shaft is made detachable and consists of two parts, one of which is a tapered shank mounted at the end of the rotating shaft by any known method. The shank serves to connect the shaft with the drive. (RU 183761, Е21В 21/00, 2018).

The disadvantage of the swivel nozzle of the manual drilling rig is the execution of the rotating shaft detachable, which leads to vibration and shaft beating due to the misalignment of the vertical nozzle and the drive axis during operation. This leads to rapid wear of bearings and seals of the swivel - nozzle manual drilling rig.

The objective of the claimed utility model is to increase the maintenance-free period of the swivel - the nozzle of a manual drilling rig by eliminating the misalignment of the vertical nozzle and the drive axis during operation.

The task is solved in the swivel nozzle for a manual drilling rig, comprising a housing with a side branch pipe for supplying washing fluid, a rotating shaft inside the housing with holes for supplying water to the drill rods, a chamber formed by the housing walls and a shaft, o-rings and bearing supports, moreover, the body is made detachable, consisting of two interconnected parts - the lower and upper; the camera is located in the lower part of the swivel, the sealing rings are cuffs in contact with the outer surface of the shaft and installed in the housing in the space bounded by the chamber, the bearings are located between the shaft and the housing in the upper housing, and the rotating shaft is designed as a single part, the end of which serves to connect with the drive.

The utility model, in our opinion, is new and has industrial applicability.

On the accompanying drawing presents the claimed swivel nozzle for a manual drilling unit in the section.

Swivel head for manual drilling rig contains:

1 - the housing of the swivel nozzle for a manual drilling rig, consisting of two parts;

2 - rotating shaft located inside the housing;

3 - the camera in the lower part of the body;

4 - holes in the shaft of the swivel nozzle for a manual drilling rig;

5 - bolts for connecting the two parts of the body to each other;

6 - sealing rings, made in the form of cuffs;

7 - cuff protection washers (rubber, plastic, etc.);

8 - side entrance for flushing fluid;

9 - bearing protection washer;

10 - washers fastening bolts;

11 - bearings;

12 - input for the drive (rotator);

13 - intermediate bushings for bolts connecting the two parts of the body to each other.

In the proposed swivel nozzle for manual installation, the housing 1 is detachable and consists of two parts interconnected by bolts 5 located inside the intermediate sleeve 13. The chamber 3 is formed by the walls of the housing 1 and the rotating shaft 2. It is located in the lower part of the housing of the swivel nozzles for manual drilling rig facing the drill rods (not shown in the drawings). Cuff 6, in contact with the outer surface of the rotating shaft 2 and installed in the lower part of the housing 1 in the space bounded by the camera 3. Bearings 11 can be any, for example, ball, and they are located between the shaft and the housing in the upper part of the housing facing the drive ( the drive is not shown in the drawings). The number of holes in the rotating shaft of the swivel - nozzle for a manual drilling rig is not limited, from one to several. The number of cuffs and bearings is not limited. The rotating shaft is made in the form of a single part, the end of which serves to connect with the drive (not shown).

Assembly swivel nozzles for manual drilling rig is as follows. Bearings 11 are pressed into the upper part of the housing 1. Then a rotating shaft 2 is installed in the bearings 11, after which a bearing protection washer 9 is installed, which is fixed with bolts 10. Then, cuffs 6 closed with the washers of protection 7 of the cuffs 6 are pressed into the lower part of the housing 1. Lower part of the housing 1 is fixed on the shaft 2 and secured with bolts 5 with intermediate sleeves 13. The last operation is installation in the lower part of the housing 1 of the side entrance for flushing fluid 8. Next, the swivel is a nozzle for a hand-held drilling rig ki is attached to the actuator (motor not shown) via a shaft 2.

Disassembly of the swivel nozzle for a manual drilling rig is carried out in reverse order and can be carried out in field conditions. For example, to replace the cuffs 6, it is enough to unscrew the bolts 5, remove the lower part of the body 1 from the shaft 2 and unscrew the washers of the protection of the cuffs 7. Then, manually or with a screwdriver, press out the cuffs 6 and put in new ones. The safety factor of the bearings is sufficient for operation, even if one of them is damaged.

The proposed swivel nozzle for manual drilling rig works as follows. The flushing fluid is supplied under pressure, for example, from the hydraulic compressor to the side entrance 8. The fluid through the holes 4 in the shaft 2 moves down to the drill rods, which build up with increasing depth of the well. A drill is installed in the lower drill rod (not shown), which loosens the rock, and the flushing fluid brings it up in the space between the drill rod and the casing and enters the tank (or containers) where the drilling fines settle, and the flushing fluid Capacities re-enter the hydraulic compressor due to suction (drill rods, drill, casing and capacity are not shown in the drawing, since they are not part of the swivel nozzle for the manual drilling rig).

It is especially effective to use the proposed swivel head for a manual drilling rig in a closed circulation circuit of flushing fluid.

The advantage of the proposed swivel nozzle for a manual drilling rig is to increase the maintenance-free period of the swivel nozzle for a manual drilling rig by eliminating the misalignment of the vertical nozzle and the axis of the drive. The proposed swivel nozzle for a manual drilling rig virtually eliminates vibrations and beats when the swivel is operating — a nozzle for a manual drilling rig. Swivel - nozzle for a manual drilling rig can be used as a nozzle on any drive held by, including muscle power.

Claims (1)

Swivel nozzle for a manual drilling rig, comprising a housing with a side branch pipe for supplying flushing fluid, a rotating shaft inside the housing with holes for supplying water to the drill rods, a chamber formed by the housing walls and a shaft, sealing rings and bearings, and the housing is detachable consisting of two interconnected parts - lower and upper; the camera is located in the lower part of the swivel, the sealing rings are cuffs in contact with the outer surface of the shaft and installed in the housing in the space bounded by the camera, the bearings are located between the shaft and the housing in the upper housing part, characterized in that the rotating shaft is designed as a single part , the end of which serves to connect with the drive.

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