RU189221U1 - Hydraulic reversible pipe wrench - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the oil and gas industry, namely, technical equipment for workover of wells, namely, devices for screwing and unscrewing tubing. The technical task of the claimed reversible hydraulic pipe wrench is to increase the reliability of operation of the wrenches with the declared dies of the rotor assembly, in which the wear of the toothed surfaces of the dies is reduced and the deformation of the surface of small diameter pipes is reduced with maximum effort in the form of concentrated equivalent pressure on the pipe surface, both for screwing and on unscrewing. Hydraulic reversible pipe wrench consists of a casing with gears for transmitting rotation to the split gear - the rotor from the central gear, hydraulic motor, planetary gear, rotational transmission unit from the hydraulic motor to the planetary gear, gear shift actuator, including a gear lever kinematic chain , a central gear and two additional gears, a rotor assembly of a hydraulic wrench, containing a rotor in the form of a split gear, a direction of rotation switch with two clamps installed on the side of the rotor opposite to its cut, the rollers mounted on the rotor, the inner split ring in contact with the brake tape and with the split sleeve fixed on the inner split ring with the fixed jaw fixed with a die, the unit is equipped with two movable jaws with dies, mirrored symmetrically with respect to the axis of the split sleeve with a fixed jaw, and the movable jaws are curved and concave shaped curved and concave on one side the surfaces in contact with the rollers, on which the screwing, unscrewing and returning the jaw to the initial position occurs, the jaws are placed at an angle of 120 degrees, the radii on which the screwing and unscrewing R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and the return of the jaw to the initial position R6 occurs whose centers of circles are determined from the center of the axis of rotation of the jaw with coordinates x1 y1, x2 y2, x3 y3, x4u4, x5u5, x6u6, the installation location in the movable jaw of the plate is smooth with a slope from left to right at an angle of ϕ1, determined from the center of rotation of the people The concave surface of the three plates is made with toothed protrusions to interact with the cylindrical surface of the pipe, the tops of which are oriented towards the center of the pipe, the angular distance between the depressions of the adjacent toothed protrusions relative to the center of the pipe is ϕ2. 8 il.

Description

The invention relates to the oil and gas industry, namely to technical equipment for workover of wells, and in particular to devices for screwing and unscrewing tubing.

Known pipe wrench described in the invention of Russia No. 2328587, published 10.07.2008 g, consisting of a body with gears for transmitting rotation to the split gear - the rotor from the central gear, hydraulic motor, planetary gear, node transmission of rotation from the motor to the planetary gear, switch drive gear, including associated with the axis of the gear lever. From the motor shaft, the rotation is transmitted to the centered transition shaft of the rotation transmission unit to the plan of the gearbox. Further, the rotation through the kinematic chain of gears, the central gear and two additional gears is transmitted to the rotor assembly of the hydraulic key, which is remote from the cut to the teeth of the split gear — the rotor with rollers. From the split gear - the rotor, the rotation is transmitted, in contact with the brake band, to the inner split ring and the split sleeve fixed on it - the jaw with two dies and the jaw with one die. At the beginning of rotation of the split gear - the rotor, the dies compress the pipe and screw it up, to unscrew the pipe, the key is stopped, partially disassembled, the split sleeve with two dies with a jaw with one plate is reversed and the screw is unscrewed.

The disadvantage of the hydraulic rotor assembly in the pipe wrench is that it requires changing the jaw set with the die - a sleeve with two dies for screwing and unscrewing the pipe, which significantly complicates the process and low reliability of the pipe engagement.

The closest analogue chosen as a prototype is the patent for the invention of Russia No. 2475619, published on 02/20/2013, in which the rotor assembly of a hydraulic key is described, containing a drive rotor having a connector, rollers in contact with the drive rotor located in the housing and with a split bushing with jaws with dies installed in it, the assembly is provided with two movable jaws with dies mirrored symmetrically relative to the axis of the split bushing with a fixed jaw, with movable jaws named dissolved profiled curvilinear and concave curved surfaces in contact with the rollers.

The advantage of the inventive hydraulic key rotor assembly is that during operation it is not necessary to interchange the “jaw with a die” - “two-die sleeve” set when screwing in and unscrewing the pipes, a great disadvantage is that reliable clamping of the pipe and uniform distribution of power loads from the transmitting torque to the pipe over all protrusions of the toothed surfaces of the rams, and the most loaded edges of the longitudinal protrusions are subject to intense wear and The colors and the pipe are deformations.

The technical objective of the claimed reversible hydraulic pipe wrench is to increase the reliability of operation of the keys with the declared dies of the rotor assembly, in which the wear of the toothed surfaces of the dies is reduced and the deformation of the surface of small diameter pipes is reduced with maximum effort in the form of concentrated equivalent pressure on the pipe surface, both for SPINING and at SEPARATION.

The technical objective is achieved due to the fact that the key reversible pipe hydraulic, consisting of a body with gears for transmitting rotation to the split gear - the rotor from the central gear, hydraulic motor, planetary gear, the transmission of rotation from the hydraulic motor to the planetary gear, drive gear, including the associated with the gearshift lever, the kinematic chain of gears, the central gear and two additional gears, the rotor assembly of the hydraulic key containing the rotor in the form of a cut oh gear, direction switch with two clamps, mounted on the side of the rotor opposite to its section, rollers mounted on the rotor, inner split ring in contact with the brake band and split sleeve mounted on the inner split ring with a fixed jaw fixed in it with a die , the node is equipped with two movable jaws with dies, mirrored symmetrically relative to the axis of the split sleeve with a fixed jaw, and the movable jaws with one hundred They are curved and concave shaped curved surfaces in contact with the rollers, on which screwing, unscrewing and returning the jaw to the initial position, characterized in that the jaws are placed at an angle of 120 degrees, the radii on which screwing and unscrewing occurs R1, R2, R3 , R4, R5 and return of the jaw to the initial position of R6, the centers of the circles of which are determined from the center of the axis of rotation of the jaw with coordinates x1 y1, x2 y2, x3 y3, x4y4, x5y5, x6y6, the installation place in the movable jaw of the die is smooth with sloping from left to right at an angle ϕ1 defined from the center of rotation of the jaw, the concave surface of the three plates is made with toothed protrusions to interact with the cylindrical surface of the pipe, the tops of which are oriented to the center of the pipe, the angular distance between the depressions of the adjacent toothed protrusions relative to the center of the pipe is ϕ2.

Due to the fact that the jaws are placed at an angle of 120 degrees, the radii for which R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 are screwed and unscrewed and the jaw returns to its original position R6, the centers of circles of which are determined from the center of the axis of rotation of the jaw with coordinates x1 y1, x2 y2, x3 y3, x4u4, x5u5, x6u6, installation place in the movable jaw of the die with a smooth surface tilted from left to right at an angle ϕ1 determined from the center of rotation of the jaw, the concave surface of the three dies is made with toothed projections to interact with the cylindrical surface By the pipe, the tops of which are oriented to the center of the pipe, the angular distance between the depressions of adjacent gear projections relative to the center of the pipe is ϕ2, the reliability of operation of keys with the stated dies of the rotor assembly is increased, in which the wear of the toothed surfaces of the plates is reduced and the deformation of the surface of small diameter pipes is reduced at maximum force in the form of a concentrated equivalent pressure on the surface of the pipe, both at the SPINNING and at the SEALING.

The above distinctive features are new compared to the prototype, so the utility model meets the criterion of "novelty."

This technical solution can be reproduced in an industrial way, it can be used for screwing or unscrewing threaded connections during drilling and repair of wells in the oil and gas industry, therefore, it meets the criterion of "industrial applicability".

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by the drawings:

FIG. 1 - Hydraulic reversible pipe wrench in a cut in the initial position;

FIG. 2 — rotor assembly of a hydraulic key in a section in the initial position;

FIG. 3 - the same view of the slot of the inner split ring;

FIG. 4 - the same, view of the movable jaw;

FIG. 5 - the same, view of the movable jaw with dimensions defining the surfaces. SCREWING, SCREWING, returning the jaw to the initial position (example of execution);

FIG. 6 - view of the plate from above in the section.

FIG. 7 - the same, in the position of the switch to SPINNING;

FIG. 8 - the same, in the position of the switch on the SENDING.

A hydraulic reversing pipe wrench, includes a housing 1 with gears 2 gears placed in it for transmitting rotation from a hydraulic motor (not shown in Fig. 1) to the rotor assembly of a reverse hydraulic pipe wrench, in turn, containing a rotor 3 in the form of a cutting movable gear, rollers 4 in the amount of six pieces, and the roller 5 for rotation of the rotor 3 in the housing 1 (Fig. 1), the inner split ring 6, with the split sleeve 7 fixed to it, with the die 8. The rotor assembly 3 of the hydraulic wrench also contains two movable jaws 9 left and 10 great with dies 11. The movable jaws 9 and 10 are set mirror-symmetrically with respect to the axis of the split sleeve 7 (serving as a fixed jaw) at an angle of 120 degrees. The movable jaws 9 and 10 have profiled curved surfaces in contact with the rollers 4. On the side of the rotor 3 opposite to its section, the switch 12 of the direction of rotation is fixed. The switch 12 of the direction of rotation is made in the form of a plate 13 with two symmetrical holes 14 with two movable latches 15 inserted into the holes 14 (FIG. 1, FIG. 2).

The inner split ring 6 is made with a slot 16 along an arc of a circle with an angle of 125 degrees on the side opposite to its cut for plate 13 and on the front surface with two grooves 17 for moving clamps 15. Jumper 18 serves as a stop for moving clamps 15 when switching the direction of rotation (FIG 3).

The latches 15 can be in the form of switch keys (key type), switch pins (pin type), switch levers (lever type), one of which participates in the work depending on the required direction of working rotation (for example, screwing), while the other latch does not participate in the work and vice versa. Switching clamps 15 from one position to another, i.e. The screwing and unscrewing operation is performed in the initial position, when the mouth (section) of the rotor 3 and the mouth (section) of the inner split ring 6 are aligned.

Movable jaws 9, 10, on the one hand, in the form of a convex body, are made with working surfaces along which screwing, unscrewing and returning it to its original position, formed by intersecting parts of cylindrical surfaces made with different radii, in the example of execution, respectively, R1 = 167 mm R2 = 30.9 mm, R3 = 50 mm, R4 = 16 mm, R5 = 122.5 mm. The centers of circles for these radii are determined from the center O of the axes of rotation of the movable jaws 9.10 (point of reference) with coordinates: x1 = 132.17 mm, y1 = -63.37 mm; x2 = 16.97 mm, y2 = 82.5 mm; x3 = 52.25 mm; y3 = 9.7 mm; x4 = 49.2, y4 = 43.6; х5 = 2.5 mm, у5 = -52.16 mm, while the pipe SPINNING occurs when the rotor rotates clockwise when moving the rollers 4 along the curve of the radius R1 = 167 mm of the right jaw and along the curve defined by the radii R2 = 30.9 mm, R3 = 50 mm, R4 = 16 mm, R5 = 122.5 mm of the left jaw. The pipe RETAINING, respectively, occurs when the rotor rotates counterclockwise when rollers 4 move along the curve of radius R1 = 167 mm of the left jaw and along the curve defined by radii R2 = 30.9 mm, R3 = 50 mm, R4 = 16 mm, R5 = 122, 5 mm of the right jaw.

Return the jaw to its original position along the radius R6 = 50 mm. (Fig. 4, 5). The center of the circle for this radius is determined from the center O of the axes of rotation of the movable jaws 9, 10 (point of reference) with coordinates: x6 = 19.8 mm, y6 = -12 mm.

On the opposite concave side of the movable jaws 9, 10, a notch 19 is made in the size of the dies 11 - installation location for the dies 11. The notch 19 in the movable jaws 9, 10 for the smooth surface of the dies 11 is inclined from left to right downward at an angle ϕ4 = 14 degrees relative to the horizontal the axis of the center of rotation of the movable jaws 9, 10, from the center of rotation of the movable jaws 9, 10 and the extreme coordinates of the cut x7 = 32.85 у7 = -11.46; x8 = 83.65 y8 = -11.46 (Fig. 4, 5).

Dies 8, 11 for pipe gripping devices of hydraulic wrenches are rectangular sectors of a hollow cylinder, having a smooth surface on the outside for connection with the surface of the split sleeve 7 and movable jaws 9, 10, and parallel toothed protrusions for interaction on the inner concave surface perpendicularly forming the pipe with a cylindrical pipe surface. The edges of the projections form a surface segment of the cylinder to interact with the surface of the pipe. The inner diameter of the segment corresponds to the outer diameter of the pipe being captured; in the example of performance, the calculated values are given for pipes with a diameter of 60 mm and 73 mm. The number of teeth is 120 and 96 respectively. The jagged protrusions 20 are oriented to the center of the pipe, while the angle between adjacent faces of the jagged protrusions 20 in the performance example ϕ2 = 70 degrees, the angle between the axes of symmetry of the adjacent depressions passing through the center of the pipe ϕ3 = 7 degrees 30 minutes. The die is made of 18HGT steel GOST 4543-71, grouting with a depth of 0.6-1.0 mm and a hardness of HRC 55-60 (Fig. 6).

Work key reversible pipe hydraulic as follows.

The hydraulic reversing pipe wrench is suspended above the wellhead and fed to the pipe string. The hydraulic energy supplied to the hydraulic motor is converted into mechanical energy of the hydraulic motor shaft. From the motor shaft, the rotation is transmitted to the centered transition shaft of the rotation transmission unit to the gears 2 of the gearbox. Further, the rotation is transmitted to the teeth of the split gear - the rotor 3. From the rotor 3, the rotation is transmitted to the split sleeve 7 with a die 8. Two movable jaws 9, 10 with dies 11, placed at an angle of 120 degrees, alternately become fixed and paired with the split sleeve 7 (fixed jaw) securely, with equal compression forces, fix the pipe in the formed cradle. At the beginning of rotation of the split gear - the rotor 3 three dies 8, 11 compress the pipe. Thus, the pipe is twisted and twisted, if necessary.

The switch 12 of the direction of rotation is rigidly connected with the rotor 3, when the latch 15 is turned on in the left position (for screwing or tightening the pipe), the switch 12 of the direction of rotation is clockwise, the rotor 3 rotates clockwise, within the slot 17 of the inner split ring 6, which is stationary, is kept from being rotated by a brake band that covers the split ring 6 in diameter (approximately with a force of 100 kg). One of the rollers 4 moves the movable jaw 9 along an auxiliary surface defined by radii R2 = 30.9 mm, R3 = 50 mm, R4 = 16 mm, R5 = 122.5 mm, which with a die 11 presses the tube to a die 8 located on the split the sleeve 7, fixing the pipe in the bed of two dies 8. 11, while the rotor 3, continues to rotate, the roller 4 moves the second movable jaw 10 to the two fixed jaws 8. 9, additionally clamps the pipe, the TORNING of the pipe occurs when the rotor 3 rotates clockwise when moving the rollers 4 on the working surface defined by the curve of the radius Sa R1 = 167 mm jaw 10, jaw 9, 10, having received equal compression forces, produces a SPINNING pipe (Fig. 7).

The pipe dies 8, 11 in the amount of three pieces is compressed by the applied pressure, which determines the screwing torque (unscrewing), while the internal gear surface of the die 11 of the movable jaw 9 is pressed to the pipe initially with one row of serrated projections as the roller rolls on the external surface of the movable jaws 9, and then successively all toothed protrusions, in the example of performance, pipes with a diameter of 60 and 73 mm are considered, distributing this pressure as a result evenly over the contact area all three dice 8, 11 with a pipe. The estimated maximum pressure force on the pipe is about 12,000 kg, with an allowable cutting depth of 0.4–0.6 mm toothed protrusions, while the calculated contact area of the dies 8, 11 with the pipes (rectangular sectors) is 4478 mm square meters. and 4486 mm square.

The switch 12 of the direction of rotation is rigidly connected to the rotor 3, when the latch 15 is put into operation in the right position (to unscrew the pipe), the switch 12 of the direction of rotation is counterclockwise, the rotor 3 rotates counterclockwise, within the slot 17 of the inner split ring 6, which is stationary, is kept from turning by the brake band, which covers the split ring 6 in diameter (approximately with a force of 100 kg). One of the rollers 4 moves the movable jaw 10 along an auxiliary surface defined by radii R2 = 30.9 mm, R3 = 50 mm, R4 = 16 mm, R5 = 122.5 mm, which with a die 11 presses the tube to the die 8 located on the split the sleeve 7, fixing the pipe in the bed of two dies 8, 11, while the rotor 3 continues to rotate, the roller 4 moves the second movable jaw 9 to the two fixed jaws 9, 10, additionally clamps the pipe, the TURNING of the pipe respectively occurs when the rotor rotates counterclockwise when moving the rollers 4 on the working surface, The curve of the radius R1 = 167 mm of the jaw 9, jaw 9, 10, having received equal compression forces, produces a TURNING pipe (FIG. 8).

In the proposed utility model, the reliability of operation of the keys with the declared dies of the rotor assembly is increased, in which the wear of the toothed surfaces is reduced and the deformation of the surface of small diameter pipes is reduced with maximum effort in the form of concentrated pressure on the pipe surface.

Claims (1)

Hydraulic reversible pipe wrench, consisting of a body with gears for transmitting rotation to the split gear - the rotor from the central gear, hydraulic motor, planetary gear, rotational transmission unit from the hydraulic motor to the planetary gear, gear shift actuator, including an axis-connected gear lever, kinematic chain gears, a central gear, and two additional gears; a rotor assembly of a hydraulic wrench comprising a rotor in the form of a split gear; a rotational direction switch I with two clamps installed on the side of the rotor opposite to its cut, the rollers mounted on the rotor, the inner split ring in contact with the brake tape and with the split sleeve fixed on the inner split ring with the fixed jaw fixed with a die in it, is equipped with two movable jaws with dies, mirrored symmetrically relative to the axis of the split sleeve with a fixed jaw, and the movable jaws are curved on the one side of the profile curved and concave Surfaces in contact with the rollers, on which the screwing occurs, unscrewing and returning the jaw to the initial position, characterized in that the jaws are placed at an angle of 120⁰, the radii on which the screwing and unscrewing R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and jaw return occurs to the initial position R6, the centers of the circles of which are defined from the center of the axis of rotation of the jaw with the coordinates x1 y1, x2 y2, x3 y3, x4i4, x5u5, x6u6, the installation location in the movable jaw of the plate is smooth with an inclination from left to right at an angle ϕ1 determined from tse tra rotating jaw, the concave face of the three dice is provided with toothed lugs for interaction with the cylindrical surface of the pipe, the vertices of which are oriented towards the center of the pipe, the angular distance between the depressions of adjacent protrusions gear relative to the tube center is equal to φ2.

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