RU187880U1 - OIL PRODUCT LEAK DETECTION DEVICE FOR SEPARATE PIPELINE SECTIONS USING CONDUCTOR LINES FROM DIFFERENT METALS - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed utility model is most applicable when transporting fuel in underground process pipelines.

The stationary device includes two lines of copper conductors with insulators, one aluminum conductor line with insulators, communication lines, two ohmmeters, two voltmeters and a personal computer.

In this case, the conductors are located in the ground at a fixed distance and parallel to each other.

The technical result is achieved by measuring the resistance between copper conductors with insulators using communication lines, ohmmeters and a personal computer, as well as determining the voltages between the mid-line copper conductor with insulators and aluminum conductor with insulators using communication lines, voltmeters and a personal computer.

In the event of a leak of oil and oil products from the pipeline, the values of the measured resistances begin to increase, and the voltages decrease and fall outside the established interval.

Description

The utility model relates to devices for diagnosing objects of transportation and storage of petroleum products and can be used in the petrochemical and oil production sectors of petroleum products. The proposed utility model is most applicable when transporting oil and oil products in underground process pipelines.

Pollution of the lithosphere and hydrosphere occur as a result of fuel leaks from pipelines and tanks and other reasons.

If a spill of fuel from an onshore pipeline can be detected visually, then a leak of oil and oil products from an underground pipeline can be determined only by complex diagnostic methods. These methods include: visual and measuring control, ultrasonic and acoustic emission control, magnetometric and capillary control and other types of diagnostics [ПБ 03-585-03. Rules for the design and safe operation of process pipelines].

Hydraulic and pneumatic tests for strength and density are also carried out.

Many of these methods are associated with the release of pipelines from fuel, with the opening and excavation of soil in separate areas, with subsequent removal of insulation, with the measurement of wall thickness, with the control of welded joints.

During operation, the walls of the pipeline are subjected to various types of corrosion, which are associated with the presence of sulfur and other aggressive compounds in oil and oil products, as well as water in the pipeline and in the ground.

Combating fuel losses from leaks in pipelines is becoming an important environmental and economic challenge.

Known patent for invention No. 2398157 dated 08/27/2010, "Method for detecting leaks of oil or oil products from a pipeline" by Sh.I. Razmatullina, A.G. Gumerova, D.P. Kim, N.P. Zakharova, V.G. Karamysheva.

This method of hydraulic location of fluid leaks from a linear section of a pipeline involves detecting fluid leaks from a pipeline — by changes in the fluid flow rate and the hydraulic slope of the pipeline by graphical construction or analytical calculation. In this method, the controlled linear section of the pipeline, not equipped with a flowmeter system, is divided into two adjacent segments and using pressure sensors located at the ends of each of them, friction pressure losses are measured (hydraulic slopes of each segment), which determine the mass flow rate of the liquid on each segment G _1-2 (i _1-2 ), G _2-3 (i _2-3 ) and periodically control the value of the mass flow unbalance.

The unbalance threshold value is determined based on the use and analysis of a database characterizing the pumping parameters (pressure, temperature, density, fluid viscosity) during the period preceding an emergency (leak), using a statistical methodology.

The disadvantages of this method when diagnosing pipelines are:

1. The low efficiency of the method with small leaks of fuel from the pipeline.

2. The complexity of the determination and the large time required for calculations.

3. Application of the method for sections of the pipeline of small length.

Also known is a patent for an invention No. 2453760 dated June 20, 2012. "Method for diagnosing the technical condition of underground pipelines (options)" by V.V. Averkieva I.K. Antonova, A.A. Eliseeva, V.V. Nesterova, V.V. Semenova, O.V. Fillipova, A.D. Vogel.

This method includes measuring the induction of a constant magnetic field above the pipeline when moving the three-component field sensors along the pipeline and compiling a matrix of differences in the magnitude of the induction of a constant magnetic field. At the same time, the induction of a constant magnetic field is measured at least six points of space above the pipeline and are at least nine differences in the magnitude of the induction of a constant magnetic field at the same points. Additionally, an alternating magnetic and an alternating electric field is excited in the pipeline zone, and simultaneously with induction of a constant magnetic field, at least two components of the induction vector of an alternating magnetic field are measured at each of the three points of space above the pipeline, located along the horizontal or vertical axis and coinciding with the measurement points of the constant magnetic field, and at least two components of the vector of the intensity of the alternating electric field, and the sensors of a constant magnetic field, trans a variable magnetic field and an alternating electric field are combined in one construct. Next, preliminary statistical processing of the measurement results is carried out, sections of the pipeline are selected for the subsequent processing according to the set of signs, the location and magnetic moments of the sources of anomalies of constant and alternating magnetic fields and the parameters of the pipeline insulation disturbances are determined, and the data on the technical state of the pipeline are identified and ranked.

Also, when moving field sensors along the pipeline, the distance from the sensors to the projection of the pipeline axis on the day surface is additionally measured, the magnitude and direction of the sensors removal from the projection of the pipeline axis are indicated, on the basis of which the operator adjusts the movement path along the pipeline, and when diagnosing, identifying and ranking anomalies the distance from the sensors to the axis of the pipeline and amend the values of the field components and their differences.

Additionally, the rotation angles of the field sensors around the horizontal and vertical axes are determined, a matrix of corrections is obtained, and introduced into the matrices of the field components and their differences.

The disadvantages of this method when diagnosing pipelines are:

1. Low efficiency of detecting fuel leaks from pipelines.

2. The need to move the sensors over the pipeline, which will cause large time and human costs. Inability to detect fuel leaks in a continuous mode for a short period of time.

3. The complexity of the determination and the high cost of the method.

4. The purpose of the method is mainly to detect violations of the insulation of the pipeline and for use when working with land pipelines.

Also known is the application for invention No. 95106872 of 04/20/1997, "Device for detecting the leakage of petroleum products in the pipeline" authors V.P. Dobrovolskova, V.I. Kabanova and others

The device is designed to detect the place of damage, accompanied by a leak of oil products. At the same time, the task of simplifying the design, increasing the reliability and fire and explosion safety of the device when detecting the leak of oil products from the pipeline is solved. The invention consists in the following. The cable and conductor are made of fiber optic fibers laid outside the pipeline in two lines of the same length at a calculated distance from each other. The cable and conductor are connected at the end of the pipeline to the measuring unit of the leak. On both lines of the optical fibers, the polymer cladding is removed at certain distances, and the sections with the removed cladding are opposite each other in the housing with holes, while on one of the lines, the beginning of which is optically coupled to a radiation source electrically connected through the divider to the output of the launch unit , the sections of the fiber optic fiber with the removed sheath are covered with a polymer film, and the beginning of another line is optically coupled to a photodetector electrically connected to the measuring unit, Torah input coupled to one of the splitter outputs.

The disadvantages of this device are:

1. The ability to use the device only in land pipelines.

2. The presence in the design of a large number of additional buildings with holes located over short distances, which significantly increases the cost and metal consumption of the device.

3. Insufficient accuracy of determining the place of leakage from the pipeline. Resolution is determined by the frequency of the sensors.

Closest to this problem is a stationary device for diagnosing and detecting the leakage of oil and oil products in the pipeline. Matveev Yu.A. Utility Model Patent No. 136527 dated January 10, 2014.

The stationary device includes: two lines of conductors made of corrosion-resistant conductive material (copper) with insulators, communication lines, two ohmmeters and a personal computer. Lines of conductors with insulators are laid in a layer of soil in parallel at a distance of 10-15 centimeters from each other. Ohmmeters are installed at the ends of the conductor lines and connected to a personal computer.

When the device is in operation, resistances are constantly measured between the conductors of different lines, the change in the values of which determines the presence of a leak of oil and oil products from the pipeline, and its exact location.

Under the proposed pipeline, having welds, a fuel meter, pressure gauge and gate valve, copper conductors with insulators are laid in parallel in two lines in a layer of ground soil at a fixed distance. The conductors are connected by communication lines to ohmmeters, which are also connected to a personal computer by communication lines. Conductors are made of copper.

The device operates as follows. Oil is pumped through the pipeline.

In order to constantly diagnose the presence of leaks under the pipeline using communication lines, ohmmeters, resistance measurements are made between copper conductors with insulators of different lines that are output to a computer.

In the event of an oil product leakage from the pipeline, the values of the measured resistances begin to increase and go beyond the established interval.

In this case, the resistance measured by the first ohmmeter is

- сопротивление проводника от начального участка проводников до места пролива из трубопровода; Ом;Where

- resistance of the conductor from the initial section of the conductors to the point of strait from the pipeline; Ohm;

R _CR - fixed resistance of the strait for a given type of fuel and the position of the conductors, Ohm.

The resistance measured by the second ohmmeter is

- сопротивление проводника от конечного участка проводников до места пролива из трубопровода, Ом;Where

- resistance of the conductor from the final section of the conductors to the strait from the pipeline, Ohm;

The distance from the initial section of the conductors to the strait is determined by the formula

where s is the cross section of the conductors, m ² ;

ρ is the density of the conductor, kg / m ³

The distance from the final section of the conductors to the strait is determined by the formula

и

.The total length of the pipeline is the length of the sections

and

.

The disadvantages of this device are:

1. Lack of accuracy in determining the specific location of a leak from the pipeline.

2. High error in the values of the results of determination.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that under the pipeline in three lines at a fixed distance and parallel to each other, two copper conductors with insulators and one aluminum conductor with insulators are laid, copper conductors with an ohmmeter connected to both ends by communication lines, and aluminum conductor and copper conductor with a voltmeter, while ohmmeters and voltmeters are connected to a personal computer, and insulators are installed on the lines of conductors at equal distances opposite each other.

These signs are essential for solving the utility model problem, since fuel leaks from the pipeline are detected and prevented in a timely manner, the accuracy of determining a specific leak location is increased, and the reliability of the operation of the pipeline is increased.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings (Fig. 1, Fig. 2), which depict: a functional diagram of a device for detecting leaks and a frontal section of a pipeline with conductors.

Under the proposed pipeline 1 (Fig. 1), having welds 2, a fuel meter 3, a pressure gauge 4, a valve 5, in a layer of soil 6, at a fixed distance of 10-15 cm from each other, two copper conductors are laid in three lines 7 with insulators 8 and an aluminum conductor 9 with insulators 8 (Fig. 2). Lines of conductors with insulators are laid in parallel with the soil layer. Insulators on the lines of conductors are installed at equal distances opposite each other and are PVC coated.

Conductors made of copper 8 are connected by communication lines 10 to ohmmeters 11, which are also connected by a communication line 10 to a personal computer 12. An average copper conductor 8 and aluminum conductor 9 by communication lines 10 are connected to voltmeters 13, which are also connected by a communication line 10 to a personal computer 12.

The fuel meter 3, the pressure gauge 4 and the valve 5 are located in the technological well 14.

The utility model works as follows. The oil product 15 is pumped through the pipeline 1.

In order to constantly diagnose the presence of leaks under the pipeline 1 using communication lines 10, ohmmeters 11, resistance measurements are made between copper conductors 7 of different lines with insulators 8, which are output to computer 12. Also, voltage lines are measured between communication lines 10, voltmeters 13 the middle conductor 7 of copper with an insulator and a conductor of aluminum 9 with an insulator, which are also output to the computer 12.

At the same time, the resistance and voltage of the “dry” lines are measured at the initial moment. “Dry” lines are understood as lines of conductors with insulators that are laid in a layer of ground soil not moistened with oil or oil product.

The values of resistances (voltages) in the presence of leaks will increase (decrease).

In the event of a leak of oil 16 from the pipeline 1, the values of the measured resistances and stresses begin to increase or decrease accordingly and go beyond the established intervals.

Assessing the values of the resistances between copper conductors of different lines using ohmmeters and a computer, as well as determining the voltage values between a copper conductor and aluminum conductor of different lines using voltmeters and a computer, it is possible to determine not only the presence of leakage of oil and oil products from the pipeline, but also to identify her particular place.

Claims (1)

A device for detecting a leak of oil products in separate sections of the pipeline using lines of conductors made of different metals, containing two lines of conductors made of copper with insulators, ohmmeters, a personal computer, characterized in that under the pipeline in three lines at a fixed distance and parallel to each other are laid two conductors of copper with insulators and one aluminum conductor with insulators, copper conductors with an ohmmeter connected at both ends by communication lines, and aluminum conductor and copper conductor with with a light meter, while ohmmeters and voltmeters are connected to a personal computer, and insulators are installed across the lines of conductors at equal distances opposite each other.

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