RU187418U1 - Vertical multi-stage roller crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to equipment for crushing various materials and can be used in mining, metallurgical, construction and other industries related to crushing of materials.

Vertical multi-stage roller crusher contains loading and unloading devices, a stationary body in the form of a circle stretched across the width with supporting plates, a working body in the form of two step rolls. The lower stages of the rolls have a cylindrical shape, and each of the upper stages is made in the form of a truncated cone with a diameter gradually decreasing to the loading device. On the surface of the rolls along a helix at an angle of not less than 50 ° grooves are made with a groove shape with a width equal to the distance between the cylindrical surfaces of the working bodies, and have a low-friction anti-adhesive coating. The guide plates are fixed on the transition between the steps of the rolls from two sides on the inner surface of the housing. The size of the gap between the cylindrical surfaces of the lower stage of the rolls is equal to the gap between each of them and the inner cylindrical surface of the housing and the gap between the sides of the supporting plates of the extreme lower stage with the cylindrical surfaces of the rolls.

Such a technical solution will provide an increase in the quality of fractionation of the crushed material, including hard rocks, due to the production of a highly homogeneous product, reduction of overgrinding and the possibility of crushing of wet materials.

Description

The utility model relates to equipment for crushing various materials and can be used in mining, metallurgical, construction and other industries related to crushing of materials.

Known vertical roll crusher (RF patent RU 2484902 C2, 11/14/2008, publication 12/27/2011, Bulletin No. 36), including loading and unloading devices, a working body in the form of two vertical rolls, a housing.

The disadvantage of a vertical roll crusher is the low degree of crushing of the material, achieved in one device, the complexity of manufacture and unreliability in operation due to the requirements of maintaining a high rotational speed of the drum (roll) for unloading material due to centrifugal forces, increased energy consumption due to the high-speed mode.

The closest in design features to the proposed technical solution, selected as a prototype, is a device for implementing the method of crushing materials (Patent for the invention of the Russian Federation RU 2654788 C1, 06/30/2017, publication 05/22/2018, Bulletin No. 15), including loading and unloading devices , a working body in the form of two vertical rolls, the working surfaces of each of which are made in the form of identical truncated cones with diameters decreasing to the loading device, and a housing with supporting plates, closed heated from both sides on its inner surface, while the inner surface of the housing has a cross section in the form of a circle stretched across the width, enveloping with a roll gap.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the low degree of crushing, achieved in one device consisting of only a pair of rolls, the insufficient efficiency of removing small pieces of material from the crushing zone, which are not necessary to be crushed, the inability to crush wet materials due to sticking of the working surfaces of the rolls with small pieces of material.

The technical result of the proposed device is to improve the quality of fractionation of the crushed material, including hard rocks, by obtaining a highly homogeneous product, reducing overgrinding and the possibility of crushing of wet materials.

This is achieved by the fact that in the new technical solution of a vertical multi-stage roll crusher, including a loading and unloading device, a working body in the form of a pair of vertical rolls in the form of identical truncated cones with diameters decreasing to the loading device, and supporting plates fixed on both sides to the inside the surface of the housing, the working body is equipped with additional pairs of coaxial vertical rolls placed along the height, while the lower pair of rolls has a cylindrical shape, and the gap is Between the cylindrical surfaces of the rolls of the lower stage is equal to the gap between each of them and the inner cylindrical surface of the housing, and the supporting plates are fixed on the transition between the pairs of rolls, in addition, grooves are made on the surface of the rolls of all steps located along a helical line at an angle of at least 50 ° , and a width equal to the distance between the cylindrical surfaces of the working bodies.

In addition, the grooves of the gutter-shaped form have a low-friction anti-adhesive coating.

In FIG. 1 schematically depicts a vertical multi-stage roller crusher, General view; in FIG. 2 is an isometric view of a vertical multi-stage roller crusher; in FIG. 3 is a plan view.

Vertical multi-stage roll crusher contains loading 1 and unloading 9 devices (in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 conventionally not shown, but in Fig. 1 shown in section), vertical multistage rolls 2 and 3 (in Fig. 2 multi-stage roll 2 conditionally not shown), housing 4 (in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is shown in section). The working surfaces of the rolls 2 and 3 are multi-stage in pairs, with the lowermost steps having a cylindrical shape, and each of the upper steps having the shape of a truncated cone, with a diameter gradually decreasing to the loading device 1. The gap between the cylindrical surfaces of the lower stages of the rolls 2 and 3 is equal to the gap between each of them and the inner cylindrical surface of the housing 4.

On the inner surface of the housing 4 at the transition between the steps of the rolls on both sides are fixed guide plates 5 and 6 with pointed ends so that the pointed ends are directed towards the roll space.

Groove-shaped grooves 7 and 8 are made on the surface of each of the roll steps, wherein grooves 7 have right and grooves 8 have left directions of helical lines. The grooves are made along a helical line at an angle of at least 50 ° and a width equal to the distance between the cylindrical surfaces of the working bodies, i.e. size of the final fraction of crushed material.

Groove-shaped grooves perform a dual function, namely: they contribute to the capture of crushed material and its transfer to the next crushing zone; small material is removed from the crushing zone, which is not necessary to be crushed, since its size corresponds to the final product. In addition, the implementation of grooves of a groove-like shape along a helical line at an angle of at least 50 ° ensures that small pieces of material do not stick on the surface of the grooves.

The justification for the location on the surface of each of the steps of the rolls of grooves of a groove-like shape along a helical line at an angle of at least 50 ° relative to the horizontal is that angles of this order ensure that small pieces of material do not stick on the surface of the grooves. This is confirmed by the practice of designing hopper cars (for example, such car models include hoppers TsNII-DVZ, TsNII-DVZM, 55-76, 55-76M, VPM-770T, VPM-770, etc.) for which the angle of inclination of the end walls and the lower part of the side walls for reliable emptying of the car and eliminating the adhesion of bulk materials is at least 50 °. The same applies to the design principles of steel receiving hoppers of processing and crushing and screening plants.

The groove-shaped groove surfaces are coated with a low-friction anti-adhesive coating (for example, fluoroplast-4, polyurethane, polyamide-68, etc.), which resists the sticking of a small fraction during their movement along the grooves and improves the sliding of the material.

If necessary, the number of conical and cylindrical steps of the rolls of the crusher, grooves of the gutter-shaped form can be changed.

The device operates as follows.

The crushed pieces of material through the loading device 1 enter the zone A1 of the roll space of the first conical upper stage, are held by the plate 5 of zone A1, where they are actively mixed and distributed over the height of the stage: larger ones in its upper part, smaller ones in its lower part, those. there is a segregation of crushed pieces of material. At the same time, part of the small particles of material, the size of which corresponds to the final crushing product, does not reach the gap between the rollers 2 and 3, is poured down into the unloading device 9. Under the action of gravity of the overlying layers of the material, as well as friction, the pieces are pulled between the rollers 2 and 3 , and smaller pieces fall into the grooves of the gutter-shaped form 7 and 8. Being crushed between the rollers 2 and 3, the pieces go into zone B1, where they are poured onto the plate 6 under the action of gravity, filling the height of the space of this zone. Next, the pieces ground at the first stage are captured by grooves of a gutter-shaped form 7 and 8 through the gap between the rollers and the inner surface of the housing are transferred, further crushed, into the zone A2 of the roll space of the second conical stage for subsequent crushing on large diameters of the rollers 2 and 3. The process is repeated on all conical the steps. The extreme lower stage of the cylindrical shape of the rolls 2 and 3 provides the final calibrated crushing of the material of a given size.

Thus, the proposed vertical multi-stage roller crusher selectively crushes bulk material: larger pieces are crushed in the upper part of the crusher, and smaller ones in the lower part, the allocation of a small fraction of the material through grooves of a groove-shaped shape, therefore, the quality of fractionation of the crushed material increases and the overgrinding decreases.

Claims (2)

1. Vertical multi-stage roll crusher, including loading and unloading devices, a working body in the form of a pair of vertical rolls in the form of identical truncated cones with diameters decreasing to the loading device, and supporting plates fixed on both sides on the inner surface of the housing, characterized in that the working body is equipped with additional pairs of coaxial vertical rolls placed along the height, while the lower pair of rolls has a cylindrical shape, and the gap between the cylindrical the rolls of the lower stage is equal to the gap between each of them and the inner cylindrical surface of the housing, and the supporting plates are fixed on the transition between the pairs of rolls, in addition, grooves are made on the surface of the rolls of all steps located along a helix at an angle of at least 50 °, and a width equal to the distance between the cylindrical surfaces of the working bodies. 2. Vertical multi-stage roller crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that the grooves of the trough-like shape have a low-friction anti-adhesive coating.

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