RU186760U1 - INCUBATOR HOUSEHOLD "SPECTR-84" - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to such a field of agriculture as poultry farming, namely to the device of a two-chamber automatic household incubator, intended for the withdrawal of poultry in a personal household. The incubator includes a housing 1 and a cover 2. In the housing two chambers are arranged one below the other, which are separated by a horizontal partition 6 installed with a gap relative to the opposite walls of the housing. Inside the upper chamber, in two tiers, incubation trays 7 for laying eggs are placed, connected with the rotary mechanism 8, and inside the lower chamber there is a water bath, fan 11 and heater 12 connected to the power and control unit 13. In the lower chamber, between the above walls a vertical partition 14 with a fan 11 built into it is installed, opposite which a heater 12 is located. In the lower part of the incubator body, a vent for air intake is formed on the side of the fan 11. In the lid 2 of the incubator, a ventilation opening for ejection of air is formed, which is regulated by means of a rotary damper 17 of an involute shape. The technical result of the utility model is to increase the percentage of yield of young poultry by creating in the incubation chamber an optimal microclimate evenly distributed over temperature and humidity.

Description

The utility model relates to such an area of agriculture as poultry farming, namely, to the device of a two-chamber automatic household incubator, intended for the output of such poultry as chicken, duck and quail in the personal household.

A household incubator is known, containing a three-chamber housing, in one chamber of which there are trays for egg incubation, a bath with water and heating elements connected to a power and control unit located in another chamber. The third chamber is retractable, placed in the lower part of the body and is designed for hatched chickens (RU 2188541, class A01K 41/00, published on 09/10/2002).

An incubator containing a case with a door is also known, chosen as the closest analogue, inside which a chamber is formed, in the upper part of which there are egg trays connected to their rotation mechanisms, and in the lower part there are heating, maintenance and humidity control devices and a fan ( RU 133386, class A01K 41/00, published October 20, 2013).

The main disadvantage of both known solutions is the location in one volume of the fan, heater and chicken compartment, as a result of which the air flow coming out of the fan, designed to circulate air inside the incubator, only partially warms up, touching the heating element. The main part of the stream circulates without heating, which creates a large volumetric temperature difference at different points in the chick incubation compartment. Under such conditions, the development of embryos proceeds unevenly, which reduces the percentage of yield and the quality of young animals.

The technical result of the utility model consists in increasing the percentage of yield of young farm poultry by creating an optimal uniformly distributed microclimate in temperature and humidity in the incubation chamber, the temperature spread in which does not exceed 0.3 ° C.

The specified technical result is achieved in a utility model using the following features.

The household incubator contains a housing and a cover. Two chambers are formed in the housing, located one below the other, which are separated by a horizontal partition installed with a gap relative to the opposite walls of the housing (front and rear).

Inside the upper chamber, there are incubation trays for laying eggs connected with a rotary mechanism, and inside the lower chamber there is a water bath, fan and heater connected to the power and control unit.

In the lower chamber in the gap between the above walls of the casing, a vertical partition is installed with a fan built into it, opposite which a heater is located.

In the lower part of the incubator body on the fan side, ventilation openings are formed for fresh air intake.

In the lid of the incubator, an air vent is formed that is adjustable in cross section by means of a rotary shutter of an involute shape.

Mostly egg-laying trays are located in the upper chamber of the casing in two tiers.

A divider is installed on the inside of the incubator lid to distribute the air flow between the upper and lower tiers of the egg trays.

The back wall of the case and the incubator cover have an arcuate curved shape to direct the air flow.

The water bath is made with autonomous compartments.

A utility model is illustrated in the drawing, where in FIG. 1 schematically shows an incubator device; in FIG. 2 - scheme of the incubator; in FIG. 3 - a flap located outside the cover; in FIG. 4 - inside lid; in FIG. 5 - bathtub for water.

The household incubator (Fig. 1) is made in the form of a folding modular design enclosed in a housing 1 and provided with a lid 2 with rounded corners on top. The incubator body is mounted on four supports 3. This product implements a two-chamber layout of the incubator design with a horizontal arrangement of chambers, where the upper chamber 4 is designed for incubation of eggs and hatching, and the lower chamber 5 located underneath is used to prepare the air mixture. The cameras are separated by a horizontal shielding partition 6 (Fig. 1, 2).

Inside the upper chamber 4, incubation trays 7 for laying eggs are placed in two tiers, each of which is connected with a rotary mechanism 8. The upper tray is installed in the incubator body with four removable supports 9, and the lower one on the screening partition 6.

The chamber 5, intended for the preparation of the air mixture, includes a bath 10 for filling water, a fan 11 and a heater 12 connected to an external power and control unit 13.

In the lower chamber between the side walls of the housing there is a vertical partition 14 with a fan 11 built into it, opposite which a heater 12 is located (Figs. 1, 2).

In the lower part of the incubator body, on its side wall located on the side of the fan 11, ventilation openings 15 are formed for fresh air intake (Fig. 2).

In the cover 2 of the incubator, a ventilation hole 16 is made for discharging air, the cross-section of which is regulated by the rotary flap 17 located outside the cover in the form of an involute disk (Fig. 3), which allows precise control of the ventilation intensity and humidity in the incubator.

On the inner side of the cover 2 of the incubator behind the hole 16 for the discharge of air, a partition 18 is made (Fig. 4), in front of which during operation of the device a pressure zone is formed that provides forced ventilation.

A divider 19 is installed on the inside of the incubator cover 2, which optimally distributes air flows between the upper and lower tiers of the egg trays.

The rear (opposite the wall with the power supply and control unit 13) wall of the housing 1 and the cover 2 of the incubator are arcuate, thereby being guides 20 for air flow (Fig. 2)

The bath 10 for filling the water is divided by partitions 21 (Fig. 5) into six autonomous compartments 22, in each of which the water is poured separately by hand using a tube with a funnel. At the bottom of the compartments are tubular bosses 23, the openings of which serve to ventilate and remove excess water in the event of overflow. Such a bath device allows you to adjust the percentage of humidity inside the incubator in a wide range by filling the desired number of bath compartments.

More precise humidity control is provided by a rotary damper 17 located outside the incubator cover (Fig. 3).

The design of the incubator provides a removable grill 24 (Fig. 1). After removing the trays 7 for laying eggs from the moment of pasting, the incubator is transformed into a brooder, providing optimal conditions for the exit of chicks.

The design elements of the incubator are made of durable food-grade polymer material, and the body is made of translucent material, which provides visual control of the water level in the bath and monitoring the operation of the device. The modular collapsible design of the incubator allows for convenient cleaning and disinfection of its internal space after each chick hatching cycle, which will also contribute to an increase in the percentage of hatchability.

The incubator has the following overall dimensions in length, width and height: 462 × 396 × 391 mm. It allows you to load 84 pieces of chicken eggs, 72 pieces of ducklings and 288 pieces of quail eggs. To breed different types of birds, trays with different cell sizes for eggs are used.

In FIG. 2, the arrows show the direction of the air flow starting from the openings 15 for fresh air intake, through the fan 11 and the heater 12 located perpendicular to the air flow, due to which there is turbulence in the flow, which ensures maximum uniform mixing of the air masses through the first hole formed between the partition 6 and the rear the wall of the incubator body into the upper chamber 4 and then part of the flow from the divider 19 falls into the gap between the two tiers of the trays 7, part of the flow goes out Erez outlet 16 and another portion is returned through a second opening formed between the partition 6 and the front wall of the incubator housing to the lower chamber 5.

The heater 12 is controlled using a proportional-integral-differentiating system of the control unit 13, which ensures its constant temperature. The specified system turns on when the temperature reaches 37.6 ° C. The operation of this system allows you to slow down the heating process, providing smooth control with a temperature spread inside the incubator to 0.3 ° C. The air temperature in the lower chamber 5 is recorded using a high-precision sensor 25.

Humidity in the incubator is measured using a sensor 29 (Fig. 2) and maintained within 55-70%. The required percentage of moisture can be increased by adding water to the compartments 22 of the bath 10, and to reduce humidity by reducing the number of filled water compartments of the bath.

More precise humidity control is due to increased ventilation intensity.

The set temperature and humidity are the main conditions affecting the hatching of the chicks.

In the incubator, automatic rotation of the trays 7 for laying eggs is provided by introducing into the control unit of the controller the function of a programmable automatic rotation of these trays by a set angle of approximately 90 ° every two hours.

The control panel of the controller 26 (Fig. 1) has four displays on which the temperature in ° C, humidity in%, the time after which the next turn of the trays, and the number of days of incubation are displayed.

The control panel has a power switch and the output of two cords of the main 27 with a plug - power from the mains 220 V and emergency 28 with clamps for power from a 12 V battery. Switching the power from the main to emergency and vice versa occurs automatically when the mains voltage appears. This function allows you to exclude the death of the nestling chicks during a temporary disconnection of the voltage in the network.

The electronic temperature controller of the controller with high accuracy monitors the temperature sensor and turns on or off the heaters, providing the optimal microclimate inside the incubator. A decrease in humidity of less than 45 percent and the need to add water to compensate is signaled by an audible signal.

The proposed incubator ensures the successful removal of chicks thanks to a carefully thought-out and experimentally confirmed air flow distribution system that ensures uniform heating of eggs on the lower and upper tiers of the incubator. The environmentally friendly materials used for its manufacture provide the most suitable microclimate for hatching.

The developed incubator design ensures hatching of nestlings of at least 85% of the fertilized eggs while observing the incubation regimes.

Claims (8)

1. A household incubator containing a housing with a lid and two chambers located in the housing one below the other, separated by a horizontal partition installed with a gap relative to the opposite walls of the housing, while inside the upper chamber there are incubation trays for laying eggs connected with a rotary mechanism, and inside bottom - a bath for water, a fan and a heater connected to the power supply and control unit, and in the lower chamber in the gap between the specified walls of the casing there is a vertical partition and with a built-in fan her, in front of which there is a heater. 2. The incubator according to claim 1, characterized in that in the lower part of the housing on the fan side there are formed ventilation openings for intake of fresh air. 3. The incubator according to claim 1, characterized in that a lid is formed in the lid for air discharge. 4. The incubator according to claim 3, characterized in that the cross section of the air discharge opening is made adjustable by means of a rotary shutter of an involute shape. 5. The incubator according to claim 1, characterized in that the trays for laying eggs are located in two tiers. 6. The incubator according to claim 5, characterized in that the lid on the inside is made with a divider for distributing air flow between the upper and lower tiers of the egg-laying trays. 7. The incubator according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear wall of the housing and the cover are made arcuate curved to direct air flow. 8. The incubator according to claim 1, characterized in that the water bath is made with autonomous compartments.

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