RU186018U1 - THE LINK OF THE FLOATING STRUCTURE - Google Patents

Abstract

A useful model relates to ferry and bridge means, in particular to folding ferries and floating bridges, which are used to move transport equipment through water obstacles in the absence of capital bridges. The link of the floating structure is made in the form of a pontoon with inter-pontoon butt devices located on the deck and bottom. The bottom intercontinental butt devices are made in the form of an ear and a plug with a locking pin. The locking pin is equipped with a lever-screw drive. The utility model provides increased reliability and safety of operation.

Description

.A useful model relates to ferry and bridge means, in particular to folding ferries and floating bridges, which are used to move transport equipment through water obstacles in the absence of capital bridges.

So, from the prior art it is known folding pontoon link, which has a built-in roadway and contains butt joints (RF patent No. 2109102, E01D15 / 14, published on 04/20/1998).

Also known from the prior art is the pontoon link, which is folding, has a carriageway built into the deck and contains inter-link butt assemblies in the form of an ear and a plug with a movable pin for pairwise linking the links together in floating bridges and ferries with a drive (RF patent No. 2454350, E01D 15/14, B63B 35/36, published 02/10/2012).

For the closest analogue to the patented solution, a river link was made containing the lower and upper inter-link butt nodes, while the lower inter-link butt nodes are made in the form of an ear and a plug with a locking pin, equipped with a drive in the form of a rack-and-pinion mechanism (Guide for a pontoon-bridge park GGMP, military publishing house of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR, Moscow, 1965, pp. 22-23.)

The main disadvantage of the closest analogue is the insufficient reliability of the coupled links due to the insufficient generated force on the locking pins of the inter-link butt joints, which is necessary in extreme operating conditions, for example, in winter conditions, ice freezing and ice drift to unlock the inter-link butt joints and disconnect the links of the floating structure . During winter operation, ice freezes in the gaps between the ear, plug and locking pins of the butt devices, which requires corresponding efforts when unlocking, and the flooding of adjacent pontoons leads to an increase in the friction forces in the ear - plug - locking pin joints and, as a result, makes it difficult or the inability to unlock the inter-link butt nodes when replacing the pontoons. This drawback is due to the design of the locking pin drive. In the known design, it is necessary to exert great efforts to unlock the inter-link butt joints, since the choice of the diameter of the pinion gear is structurally limited, and the gear ratio of the pinion pin – pin rack is much lower than the gear ratio of the screw pair of the claimed mechanism, and in extreme conditions the applied forces are not enough for unlocking butt devices.

In addition, the design of the pontoon does not provide compartments filled, if necessary, with water, which reduces the operational capabilities of the crossing-bridge means, since there is no possibility of withdrawing a link or section of the bridge from its structure, for example, for passing ships, due to its flooding.

The technical problem of the claimed utility model is the creation of a link of a floating structure with the possibility of forming a continuous strip of a floating bridge from these links and building ferries, reducing labor costs for delivering links to the point of crossing, assembling and dismantling the bridge or ferry, ensuring the withdrawal of an emergency link or section of the bridge for passing ships on the ship, to increase the reliability of the butt devices of these links, by creating the necessary effort on the locking pins of the interblock butt nodes necessary for unlocking them under extreme conditions during winter operation, under ice-freezing conditions, before ice drift and during emergency replacement of a flooded link, ensuring linking of the links regardless of the direction of the “bow-feed”, which allows you to organize the unfastening of the crossing by anchors in any situation and wind load, and expanding the operational capabilities of floating structures.

The technical result achieved by the implementation of this utility model is to increase the reliability of the link as part of a floating structure in extreme operating conditions, in particular during winter operation, in the spring-autumn period, as well as during docking-undocking under ice-free conditions and before ice drift due to the creation of the necessary effort on the locking pins of the inter-link butt joints.

The specified technical result is achieved in the link of the floating structure, made in the form of a pontoon with intercontinental butt devices located on the deck and bottom, and the bottom intercontinental butt devices are made in the form of an ear and a plug with a locking pin equipped with a lever-screw drive.

The implementation of the link of the floating structure in the form of a pontoon with intercontinental butt devices located on the deck and bottom, and the implementation of the bottom intercontinental butt devices in the form of an ear and a plug with a locking pin equipped with lever-screw drive, allows you to create the necessary effort on the locking pins of the inter-link butt nodes for their unlocking in extreme operating conditions, in particular during winter operation, in the spring-autumn period, as well as during docking-undocking in conditions of freezing and before ice Odom.

In the particular case of implementation, the link of the floating structure is made with ballast tanks for flooding the link when passing ships.

The inter-pontoon butt devices are located cross-symmetrically, which ensures linking of the links regardless of the direction of the anchor device of the links up or upstream.

In the particular case of implementation, the link of the floating structure is made with the possibility of folding with the adjacent link to simplify their transportation. The links in the folded position do not have obstacles when transporting by road, as they fully correspond to the dimensions for highways.

The link of the floating structure can be equipped with an anchor device with a winch, necessary to secure the floating structure.

In particular, the link of the floating structure is equipped with a carriageway, on both sides of the carriageway there are pedestrian decks fenced from the carriageway with lights with extended leers, which ensures pedestrian safety and preventing vehicles from moving to dangerous banks of the bridge or ferry.

The link of the floating structure can be equipped with steps - recesses, sockets for installing lighting and signal supports with lightning traps, switchboards and cable laying places - cable channels, which increases the safety of operation of bridges and ferries assembled from the declared link.

The lever-screw drive of the locking pin of the plug contains a screw with a nut fixed on the pontoon by means of an axle assembly, the screw is pivotally connected to a lever pivotally mounted on the fork of the interconnect butt device, the lever, in turn, is integral with the other end and is integral with the locking pin located in the sleeve with the longitudinal a cutout for the passage of the lever, for moving the locking pin along the sleeve with the possibility of locking and unlocking the inter-butt joints.

The claimed utility model in the particular case of its implementation is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a General view of the interlinked two links of a floating structure.

In FIG. 2 - a link to a floating structure, front view.

In FIG. 3 - the link of the floating structure in the folded position.

In FIG. 4 is a general view of the coastal link of a floating structure.

In FIG. 5 is a side view of a link of a floating structure.

In FIG. 6 - lever-screw drive of the lower intercontinental butt devices.

In FIG. 7 - the lower part of the lever-screw drive.

In FIG. 8 - trunnion node lever-screw drive.

In FIG. 9 is a general view of a ferry assembled from river and coast links.

According to the figures, the link of the floating structure 1 is made in the form of a pontoon with deck 2, bottom 3, sides 6 and end faces 7. At the ends of the pontoons, ballast water compartments are blocked out 19 - ballast tanks (Fig. 5) for flooding of the links at the ends of the lead part of the bridge ship passes. On the opposite end sides of the 7th link of the floating structure 1 in the form of a pontoon, bottom 4 are located in the area of the bottom 3 and deck 5 intercontral butt devices are located in the deck area. The bottom butt devices are made in the form of an ear 20 and a plug 21 with locking pins 22.

The bottom 4 intercontrol butt joints are made with lever-screw drives 15, which create significant forces for opening, closing the locking pins 22, which are necessary in extreme operating conditions, for example, during winter operation, docking-undocking under ice conditions and before ice drift, during emergency replacement flooded link.

The forks 21 of the bottom intercontral butt devices are located cross-symmetrically relative to the deck 2 and are equipped with lever-screw drives 15. The fork 21 is made in the form of a double eye with a sleeve 26 adjacent its end to the hole of one of the eyes located on the same axis with the holes of the eyes. In this case, the sleeve 26 is made with a longitudinal cutout (groove) 32 and two brackets 27 in the form of flat plates located along the longitudinal cutout and connected to the sleeve, for example, by welding. A locking pin 22 is provided inside the sleeve 26 with the possibility of longitudinal movement, which is a locking element for connecting the plug 21 to the ear 20. The locking pin 22 is inseparably connected with the lever 23. The lever 23 is made in the form of an angular element, the central part of which is pivotally connected 28 to the brackets 27 (with the ends of the brackets not welded to the sleeve 26), one end of the lever 23 passes through the longitudinal cutout 32 of the sleeve 26 and is inserted into the groove 34 made in the locking pin 22, with the possibility of moving the locking pin 22 along the sleeve 26 and the eyelets flanges 21. The length of the longitudinal cutout 32 allows the locking pin 22 to move longitudinally to lock and unlock the ear 20 and plug 21 of the inter-butt joints. The other end of the lever 23 is pivotally 33 connected to the eye of a vertical screw 22 perpendicularly oriented relative to the locking pin 22 of the screw 24. The screw 24 is mounted on the end face 7 of the pontoon using a trunnion assembly 25 with the possibility of translational movement of the screw 24 when rotating the nut 35 made on the free end of the screw 24 with a square for the drive key, for opening and locking the bottom intercontinental butt devices 4. The nut 35 is made elongated. At the end of the nut 3 5, which is included in the trunnion assembly 25, shoulder pads 36 are made.

The trunnion assembly 25 consists of a cradle 30 fixedly mounted on the end face 7 of the pontoon and a trunnion 29 installed therein. The trunnion 29 is pivotally connected to the cradle 30 to compensate for the changing shoulder of the lever 23 during its rotation relative to the hinge 28 to open and close the locking pin 22.

The pin 29 is made with a cover 37, and the nut 35 with the shoulders 36 is located in the pin and is limited from axial movement by the thrust bearings 31, the cover 37 and the shoulders 36, leaving the screw 24 the possibility of axial movement along the thread of the nut 35, while the rotation of the screw 24 is prevented by its mating with a lever 23 with a fork with a hinge 33. The nut 35 is fixed in the pin 29 by bearings 31 above and below the shoulders 36 and the cover 37 can only rotate around its axis and rotate together with the pin 29 in the cradle 30 by an angle corresponding to the current value of the lever arm when you turn it. The rotation of the nut 35 imparts a translational motion to the screw 24 (axial, along its axis). Thus, the movable elements in the drive structure are: nut 35 — rotational movement, screw 24 — axial displacement, lever around the hinge 28, and locking pin 22.

The ear 20 is made in the form of a single eye with an opening for positioning in the plug 21 and locking with a locking pin 22. The single eyes of the bottom intercontinental butt devices are located cross-symmetrically relative to deck 2.

The deck-based intercontrol butt devices 5 are made in the form of cheeks and earrings with locking pins (not shown in the figures) located cross-symmetrically relative to deck 2.

In the particular case of implementation, the link of the floating structure is made with the possibility of folding with the adjacent link to simplify their transportation. The links in the folded position do not have obstacles when transporting by road, as they fully correspond to the dimensions for highways (Fig. 3).

The link of the floating structure can be equipped with an anchor device with a winch 14, necessary for securing the floating structure.

In particular, deck 2 of the link of the floating structure 1 is equipped with a carriageway 16, on both sides of the carriageway 16 along the sides 6 of the pontoon, pedestrian decks 10 are made, fenced off from the carriageway by wheel breakers 9 with extended leeers 8, outside are located on the sides of the sides of the deck leera 18, which ensures the safety of pedestrians and preventing the displacement of vehicles to dangerous banks of the bridge or ferry.

The deck deck of a floating structure can be equipped with steps - recesses, sockets for installing lighting and signal poles 11 with lightning catchers 12, switchboards 13 and places for laying cables - cable channels, which increases the safety of operation of bridges and ferries assembled from the declared links.

The link of the floating structure is also made with the possibility of connecting with the coastal link (Fig. 4) to form a continuous strip of the floating bridge and to build ferries, forming loading and unloading ramps (entrance ramps from the bridge). The coastal link on the transom side of the floating structure link is made with adjustable screw stops and screw hoists to establish normal entry angles of the ferry equipment exit, as well as transitional shields for closing the gap between the coastal link and the link of the floating structure.

The inter-pontoon butt devices 4, 5 are located cross-symmetrically, which ensures the linking of the links 1 regardless of the direction of the anchor device of the links up or downstream.

In the particular case of implementation, the end compartments 19 of the link of the floating structure (Fig. 5) are made with drainage necks with plugs 17 and are ballast tanks for flooding the link when passing ships.

The claimed device operates as follows. The pairwise folded pontoons of the links of the floating structure are removed by crane from the vehicle, placed on the water, opened and fixed among themselves by bottom butt devices. The links are connected to each other with the help of bottom-plate and deck butt joints with the necessary location for subsequent unfastening (upstream or downstream anchor devices). They form a ferry or several ferries, depending on the width of the water barrier, which line up along the coast. Further, the ferries are sequentially launched by boats in the bridge line, are interconnected by means of inter-pont docking devices and are unfastened by upper and lower anchors. Coast links are docked to the terminal ferries.

The construction of the ferry is carried out in a similar way and differs by the number of links of a floating structure necessary from the condition of carrying capacity. Ferries are towed by boat or winches along a tensioned cable.

Locking and unlocking the inter-butt joints by means of a lever-screw drive is as follows.

To lock the intercontinental butt devices, the nut 35 is rotated by means of a drive wrench, while the nut 35 is prevented from axial movement through the shoulders 36, bearings 31, the cap 37 of the pin 29 and the cradle 25 and the rotation of the nut 35 converts the translational movement of the screw 24. The lever 23 is pivotally 33 connected at one end with a screw 24, pivotally connected at the middle 28 to the brackets 27 of the yoke 21 and the other end to the locking pin 22, is moved, driving the locking pin 22 along the sleeve 26. In the extreme position when locking, the locking pin 22 passes dit through the sleeve, the dropout 21 and the ear 20. In the extreme position when unlocking the locking pin 22 back into the sleeve 26.

An example of the device .;

The link of the floating structure is a finished section of a 60-ton bridge 2.45 m long, with a total deck width of 8.0 m, a carriageway of 4.5 m. The width of the pedestrian deck is 0.9 m, the height of the built-in rails is 0.9 m, the height of the rails on the outside is -1.1 m. The coastal link in the open position is a finished section of a 60-ton bridge with a length of 4.495 m and a roadway width of 4.5 m.

The stroke of the locking pin from the closed position to the open position is 175 mm. The transmission with the pin mechanism according to the closest analogue opens (or closes) the locking pin in one revolution. A screw pair with a step of 10 mm travels a distance of 175 mm in 17.5 revolutions. Thus, the gear ratio of the screw pair at a step of 10 mm exceeds the gear ratio of the pin mechanism by 17.5 times. The pitch can be selected from standard trapezoidal thread steps. The maximum design force on the pin in this case can reach 1000 kg.

Thus, the formation of a continuous strip of the floating bridge from the indicated links and the construction of ferries is ensured, labor costs for delivering the links to the point of crossing, installation and dismantling of the bridge or ferry are reduced, the link (emergency) or section of the bridge is removed for passing ships on the ship, increasing reliability butt devices of the indicated links, including, under extreme operating conditions, ensuring docking of the links regardless of the direction of the link with the anchor device up or downstream, which allows in any situation to organize the unfastening of the crossing by anchors during and from the wind load.

Claims (8)

1. A link of a floating structure containing a pontoon with intercontinental butt devices located on the deck and bottom, while the bottom intercontinental butt devices are made in the form of an ear and a plug with a locking pin, characterized in that the locking pin is equipped with a lever-screw drive. 2. The link of the floating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made with ballast tanks for flooding the link when passing ships. 3. The link of the floating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the inter-pontoon butt devices are located cross-symmetrically. 4. The link of the floating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made with the possibility of folding with an adjacent link. 5. The link of the floating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with an anchor device with a winch. 6. The link of the floating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the deck of the link is equipped with a carriageway, on both sides of which pedestrian decks are made, fenced off from the carriageway by wheel breakers with extended leeers. 7. The link of the floating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with steps for installing lighting and signal poles with lightning catchers, switchboards and places for laying cables - cable channels. 8. The link of the floating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the lever-screw drive of the locking pin of the plug contains a screw with a nut attached to the pontoon by means of an axle assembly, the screw is pivotally connected to a lever pivotally mounted on the plug of the docking device, the lever in turn inseparably connected to the locking pin located in the sleeve with a longitudinal cutout for the passage of the lever moving the locking pin along the sleeve with the possibility of locking and unlocking the inter-butt joints.

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