RU184446U1 - Surgical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to medical instruments and can be used in exochleation (removal) of bone tumors and tumor-like lesions of the bones to reduce the possibility of fracture of the operated bone, to ensure a minimum degree of trauma to adjacent healthy tissues when removing pathological tissue at different depths of the bone, effective removal of diseased tissues in the depth of the focal wall, reducing the loss of a "healthy bone layer" when removing minor, small foci of pathological tissue per second the fact that the bone spoon contains a handle that goes to the end of a spoon-shaped shape with a working surface, the edge of which is serrated, with the teeth located at an angle to the working surface, characterized in that the teeth are located along the entire edge of the working surface, the teeth are made with different heights, the width and angle of inclination to the working surface, the teeth can be placed on the working surface with alternating unequal teeth between each other. 1 C.p. f-ls, 1 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to medical instruments and can be used in exochleation (removal) of bone tumors and tumor-like bone lesions.

At present, Volkman and Bruns' medical spoon is used to exclude (remove) bone tumors and tumor-like bone lesions.

This device is a bone spoon containing a handle that goes to the end of a spoon-shaped shape, the working surface of which is made with smoothly sharpened edges (see CN 205569030 U 09/14/2016, CN 205198078 U 05/04/2016, CN 2016684 U 15.12.2010, WO 2015188734 A December 17, 2015, WO / 1987/001575 03/26/1987). Moreover, the execution of the edges of the spoon of Volkman and Bruns smoothly sharpened leads to the fact that during the operation on the bones, for more thorough removal of the pathological tissue, significant efforts of the surgeon are required. In addition, due to the uneven depth of bone tissue damage, when removing pathological foci, trauma to nearby healthy tissues occurs and a pathological fracture of the operated bone is then possible. So, the smoothly sharpened edge of the instrument does not allow “loosening” the bone tissue, but rather “smoothes” it, which leads to ineffective removal of the affected tissue in the depths of the focal wall.

A nozzle for an ultrasonic bone cutter is also known in the art (WO 2015188734 A1 12/17/2015). This nozzle contains a handle that goes into the working end of the cutter, on the front part of which there are teeth located at an angle to it. A well-known incisor is used to cut both bone and soft tissues. However, this device cannot be used for local removal of pathological foci of bone tissue, namely: exochleation of bone tumors and tumor-like bone lesions.

The closest analogue of the proposed medical tool is a spoon known from patent RU 2164092 C2 03/20/2001. This solution is characterized by the presence of a handle, the end of a spoon-shaped shape into which the handle passes, with a working surface, the edge of which is serrated, with an angle of inclination of the teeth to the working surface of 45 °.

Known from patent document RU 2164092 has a number of significant disadvantages. The device at the closest analogue is implanted badly in dense bone tissue, requires the application of significant forces of a surgeon's doctor, which ultimately can lead to a pathological fracture. In addition, when processing bone, by removing pathological tissue at different depths of the bone, a spoon of this design injures adjacent healthy tissue. It should also be noted that the known bone spoon is not intended to remove small, minor foci of affected tissue. Since, together with the lesion, it removes a large “layer” of healthy bone tissue. In this case, the spoon according to patent document RU 2164092 is intended for use in otorhinolaryngology and the angle of inclination of its teeth to the working surface does not allow its use in the removal of bone tumors and tumor-like lesions of bones.

Thus, the claimed solution is aimed at achieving the following technical results: - reducing the possibility of fracture of the operated bone; - the minimum degree of trauma to adjacent healthy tissues when removing pathological tissue at different bone depths; - effective removal of affected tissue deep in the walls of the focus; - reduction of the loss of a “healthy bone layer" when removing minor, small foci of pathological tissue.

To achieve the above results, the proposed bone spoon contains a handle that goes to the end of a spoon-shaped form with a working surface, the edge of which is serrated, with the teeth located at an angle to the working surface, characterized in that the teeth are located along the entire edge of the working surface, the teeth are made with different the height, width and angle of inclination to the working surface, the teeth are placed on the working surface with alternating unequal teeth between each other, while the angle of inclination of the teeth to the working surface and is 60 ° or 90 °, and the length of the teeth is changed from 0.75 mm to 1.7 mm and a width of 1.5 mm to 2.0 mm.

In the claimed bone spoon, the angle of sharpening of the teeth is made with laser control of the angles of sharpening and tilt.

In addition, in the manufacture of the proposed solution, the teeth of the working surface are subjected to additional hardening.

The bone spoon consists of a handle 1, tapering downward and passing into the working end 2 of a spoon-shaped shape with a working surface located along its edge. The teeth 3 are located along the entire working surface. In addition, the implementation of the teeth with different widths, heights, and an angle of inclination to the working surface determines that they are unequal in their geometric dimensions.

Preferred options for implementing the proposed solution is the following teeth:

- with a height of 1.3 mm, a width of 1.5 mm and with an angle of inclination to the working surface of 60 °;

- with a height of 0.75 mm, a width of 1.5 mm and with an angle of inclination to the working surface of 90 °;

- with a height of 1.7 mm, a width of 2.00 mm and with an angle of inclination to the working surface of 60 °;

- with a height of 1.0 mm, a width of 2.00 mm and an angle of inclination to the working surface of 90 °.

The claimed solution is used as follows. During a bone operation, the surgeon, holding the tool by the handle 1, cuts off the bone to the desired level in accordance with the applied force by cutting movements on itself with the working surface of the working end 2.

The bone spoon is made of hard alloys of stainless metal.

Claims (2)

1. A bone spoon containing a handle that goes to the end of a spoon-shaped with a working surface located along its edge, on which the teeth are located at an angle to the working surface, characterized in that the teeth are located along the entire working surface, the teeth are made with different heights, widths and the angle of inclination to the working surface, the teeth are placed on the working surface with alternating unequal teeth between each other, while the angle of inclination of the teeth to the working surface is 60 ° or 90 °, and the length of the teeth varies from 0.75 mm to 1.7 mm, and Irina from 1.5 mm to 2.0 mm. 2. A bone spoon according to claim 1, characterized in that the teeth are made subjected to additional hardening.