RU183953U1 - DEVICE FOR REPAIR OF ASPHALT CONCRETE COATINGS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is aimed at improving the quality and reducing the labor costs of selective repair of asphalt concrete pavements with small maps. The indicated technical result is achieved using the hot regeneration method as applied to small cards.

Currently, there are several ways to repair asphalt concrete pavements.

The traditional method boils down to removing the defective area with various mechanical tools, filling the resulting recess with a fresh mixture and compacting it. The main disadvantages of the method are that the old coating must be disposed of, it is necessary to deliver a new mixture, the temperature regime is regulated by the rules for working with asphalt concrete. In addition, a monolithic coating does not form, cracks form at the joints with the old coating over time. It is very difficult to achieve uniform compaction, and hence the strength of the coating.

The method using cast asphalt differs slightly from the previous one in that a cast mixture is used, which allows laying at a slightly lower temperature, compared to a conventional mixture, and there is no need for compaction. The main disadvantages of the method are that the old coating must be disposed of, it is necessary to deliver a new mixture. In addition, the requirement to repair the material with equal strength is violated, which leads to the rapid destruction of the junction of the new and old coatings.

The method of air spray consists in blowing off the base from dust, priming the defect with a binder based on bitumen and filling it with a fraction of fine gravel, by blowing it. The main disadvantages of the method are that the structure of the repaired area is very different from the main coating, providing only the absence of a depression and its waterproofing. In addition, it is very difficult to ensure even coverage.

For continuous repair of coatings, the method of hot coating regeneration is known and widely used. The essence of the method is heating the coating, milling it, mixing it with an additive mixture and special additives that restore the properties of the binder, and laying it on standard laying equipment.

There are the following disadvantages that impede its implementation for small card repairs:

 a large width of the working bodies, which leads to an unreasonable increase in the area of repair;

 to “start the installation” a certain volume of mixture is required to fill the mixer, that is, to start laying it is necessary to mill a sufficiently large area of the coating, which again leads to an unreasonable increase in the repair area;

 at the end of the grab, a roller of material remains in front of the screed, which must be removed manually or using a separate piece of equipment.

The proposed utility model is devoid of these drawbacks. This is justified by the fact that the mixing of old and new materials takes place directly in the chamber, and the rear wall of the chamber at the end of the capture is used as the movable jaw of the bucket, picking up the remains of the asphalt mix. In this case, the working bodies are made of small width, it is also possible to compose them from sections, allowing directly to add or remove sections at the object, changing the width.

Description

The technical solution relates to auxiliary devices for the construction, repair, restoration or breaking out of road or similar pavements, in particular to repair and restoration means for asphalt concrete pavements, and can be used in the field of road facilities.

The well-known "Method of repair of asphalt concrete and cement concrete coatings" (patent RU 2178476 C1). Repair is carried out by creating a recess in the defective coating zone by milling and removing the damaged layer, filling the created recess with the repair mixture and sealing it.

The disadvantages of the method include the device of a cold joint in an asphalt concrete coating, cracks below the cut layer are not eliminated.

A known method for patching asphalt concrete paving (application 2017103890 dated 02/06/2017), which consists in the fact that the repair site is cleaned of contamination by blowing with a compressed air stream and filled with hot repair material consisting of silicate melt of a mixture of natural sand and crushed stone. The melt is obtained by melting the mixture with low-temperature plasma in a melting device mounted on a patching machine

The disadvantages of the method include the complexity of the equipment, the need for disposal of the material of the destroyed coating and the need for new material in the full volume of the repaired area. In addition, recommendations for repairing coatings with a material similar in strength to the coating material are violated, which will lead to accelerated destruction of the coating in the area where the new and old materials are mated.

A known method of repairing pavement (patent RU 98110320 A), including milling of old asphalt concrete in places of its deformation, crushing the resulting scrap scrap, preparing a mixture for repair by mixing aggregate, crushed scrap scrap with a binder, laying it, compaction by vibration under load with profiling to the level of coverage. As a binder, a mixture of cement binder, phosphogypsum and liquid glass is proposed, and fine dispersed waste from the production of silicon ferments as an accelerator osplavov.

The disadvantages of the method include the formation of cold seams, cracks below the cut layer are not eliminated. In addition, recommendations for repairing coatings with a material similar in strength to the coating material are violated, which will lead to accelerated destruction of the coating in the area where the new and old materials are mated.

A known method of repairing pavement (patent RU 2338027 C1), including grinding the material of the upper part of the pavement with preheating, introducing plasticizing substances and additional material into the road-building mixture with mixing, leveling and compacting the resulting mass.

The disadvantages of the method include manual loosening of the material, which requires labor, and cannot provide the proper quality of mixing. In addition, the heterogeneity of the material and the inconsistency of the compacted layer do not allow uniformly and efficiently compacting the restored area.

As a prototype, the method of hot regeneration by one mechanism was selected. This method is implemented by Wirtgen. The essence of the method is to cut the heated layer of the coating with a cutter under a certain profile, select the cut material and feed it into the mixer, where it is mixed with additional material. From the mixer, the material is fed into a standard device for laying asphalt concrete mix from the auger of the distributor and vibration-compacting and smoothing equipment.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the purpose of the machine to repair areas of large area and length, the minimum width is often larger than the size of a single defect, which will lead to an unreasonable economic increase in the area of repair. In addition, to start laying, it is necessary to fill the feed conveyors, mixer and screw chamber. When the machine stops, the mixture roller, manually removed, or another separate mechanism, remains in front of the screed.

The objective of the technical solution is to provide comprehensive mechanization of the repair process of asphalt concrete pavement, reducing labor costs, with frequent stopping of the mechanism at the borders of small maps, ensuring the quality of work performed.

The problem is solved due to the fact that: 1) the device for the hot regeneration of asphalt concrete pavements, of small width, consists of a block of coating heaters, an additional material distributor, a milling drum, sealing and smoothing equipment, as well as a material selection mechanism at the end of the grab, the material distributor, the milling drum and the sealing equipment are closed on each side with cheeks preventing lateral leakage of material from the milling chamber, in which the mechanism for selecting excess mothers Ala at the end of the grasp is made in the form of a jaw grasp placed in front of the sealing equipment, the front jaw of which acts as the rear wall of the milling chamber. This device allows the preliminary compaction of the coating, and mechanically select the majority of the excess material necessary for the operation of the sealing equipment;

2) When the device is designed so that the distributor block, milling drum, sealing and smoothing equipment are made of sections that allow you to change the width of the working body by installing or removing sections, it becomes possible to change the width of the working bodies, and not affect undamaged areas;

3. When installing an inclined mesh (screen), it is limited that large debris of the coating gets to the sealing organs, which, by gravity, returns to the milling chamber for grinding, which ensures greater uniformity of the coating;

4. When installing between the heater and the distributor of additional material the distributor of the reunifier (reducing agent of the properties of bitumen), the properties of the old coating material are improved, and as a result mixed with the additive mixture of material;

5. When equipping the device with leveling systems of the working bodies of building machines, they ensure evenness and corresponding transverse slopes, if necessary, several parallel passages in case of damage to the coating with a width greater than the width of the working body.

Unlike the prototype, the material of the old coating and the additive mixture are mixed by the milling drum, directly in the milling chamber, from where the mixture enters the roller in front of the vibratory beam. Also, with a special device, it is assumed that 90-95% of the material is selected from the roller formed in front of the plate at the end of the capture.

Between the totality of the essential features of the claimed object and the achieved technical result, there is a causal relationship, namely loosening and simultaneous mixing of the material with a milling cutter requires less gripping along the length in order to accumulate the required amount of material for the operation of vibration sealing equipment. In addition, the jaw grip, performing the selection of the main part of the roller allows you to virtually eliminate manual labor for cleaning this roller, as well as attracting an additional mechanism for these purposes. The technical solution in comparison with the prototype allows you to:

- carry out repairs with cards as close as possible to the size of the defect;

- minimize labor costs for cleaning material residues at the end of the grab;

The technical nature of the proposed technical solution is illustrated by drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 Diagram of the device (during operation on the capture) FIG. 2 Device diagram (when selecting material at the end of the grab) The proposed device for repairing asphalt concrete coatings consists of: a / b coating heater (1), side cheeks (2) that keep the mixture from falling out of the material, additive distributor (3), the milling drum (4), the rear wall of the milling chamber (5), which functions as the movable jaw of the grip, the second jaw of the grip (6), a vibratory beam with a drive mechanism (7), a smoothing plate (8).

The heater of an a / b coating can be gas, diesel, electric or other type, which maintains the temperature and the surface of the roadway that does not allow significant burning of bitumen. The side cheeks are installed in such a way as to move along the surface of the coating without affecting the position of the working bodies, with the exception of exposure through the automatic leveling system, if any. The distributor of additional material by moving in a vertical plane produces the distribution of the material in the desired layer. The milling drum is equipped with carbide cutters, made of materials that do not lose their strength characteristics when heated to operating temperature.

The drum can be made of individual sections in width, with the aim of changing its width. Cutters on the drum are mounted with tool holders of any known design. The rear wall of the milling drum is mounted in a manner that provides surface tracking. Vibratory beam and screed are used in any known construction, can be equipped with heating equipment. They can be made of separate sections, with the aim of being able to vary in width.

The process of operation of the technical solution described above is carried out as follows.

The installation is set so that the start of the capture is under the heating block. After heating the coating and softening it, the movement of the machine begins. The speed of movement is determined taking into account the fact that after passing through the heater, the coating is heated enough to soften. When approaching the beginning of the repair zone, the side cheeks fall to the surface of the coating, the dispenser of the additive mixture is installed at the required level and the additive is fed in front of the distributor. When approaching the beginning of the capture of the milling drum, it is lowered, while lowering the rear wall of the milling chamber. At the same time, the drum captures simultaneously the material of the existing coating and the new material, mixing them in front of the rear wall of the chamber. As the mechanism moves forward and the milling chamber is filled with cutters and toolholders, material is ejected through the rear wall of the milling chamber and accumulates in front of the shutter, which rises when the start of the gripper is reached, while lowering the vibration and smoothing equipment. At the end of all these processes, the position of all parts of the installation corresponds to that depicted in FIG. one

When the installation reaches the end of the gripper, the supply of additional material is stopped in advance, the distributor of the additional material rises at the end of the gripper, then as the milling drum moves, the rear wall of the milling drum passes the material accumulated in the milling chamber underneath. When the vibratory beam reaches the end of the gripper, the rear jaw of the gripper is lowered, after which the material is selected by closing the jaws. This position corresponds to FIG. 2. A complete lift of all parts of the installation, and moving to the next capture. The captured material is removed to a special hopper, or can be returned to the hopper from which additional material is dispensed.

The final compaction of the repaired area is carried out by any known method, any type of rollers and vibrating plates. The choice is determined by the achievement of the necessary coefficient of compaction of the site.

The technical and economic indicators of this installation will be higher compared to traditional repair methods, since the need for new materials is reduced, there is no need to dispose of the debris of the old coating, reduce manual labor for the preparation of the repaired area and direct repair. In addition, the mechanized distribution of the mixture and its compaction provide a higher quality coating than manual laying, and the presence of a hot base and mates provide good adhesion of the material to the old coating. The above leads to an increase in the service life of the repaired area, an increase in turnaround times and maintenance costs.

Claims (5)

1. A device for the hot regeneration of asphalt concrete pavements of small width, consisting of a block of coating heaters, a distributor of additional material, a milling drum, sealing and smoothing equipment, as well as a mechanism for selecting material at the end of the grab, while the material distributor, milling drum and sealing equipment are closed on the sides with cheeks preventing lateral leakage of material from the milling chamber, in which the mechanism for selecting excess material at the end of the grab is made in the form of a placed before the sealing jaw gripping equipment, the front jaw which performs the function of the rear wall of the milling chamber. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the distributor unit, milling drum, sealing and smoothing equipment are made of sections that allow you to change the width of the working body by installing or removing sections. 3. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that an inclined mesh (screen) is installed, restricting large debris from entering the sealing bodies, through which, under the influence of gravity, they return to the milling chamber for grinding. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that between the heater and the dispenser of the additional material, a distributor of a reunitor (a reducing agent for the properties of bitumen) is installed. 5. The device according to any one of paragraphs. 1-4, characterized in that it is equipped with leveling systems of the working bodies of construction vehicles.

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