RU182290U1 - ROTARY INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of technology, namely to engine building. In a rotary internal combustion engine, a cylindrical rotor is located in the stator cavity. Pistons, including those made of composite materials, move in the grooves of the rotor, made in the form of an equilateral triangle inscribed in the circumference of the rotor. The pistons are flat, have a thickening in the head and are thinner at the stem. The rod also performs the function of a piston. In the stator, symmetrically, in four sectors on each side are a spark plug, an air supply nozzle, a fuel mixture nozzle, a cooling hole, an exhaust hole is located in the cavity. The technical result is to simplify the design, increase the number of engine revolutions, reduce vibration and noise, as well as increase engine efficiency. 7 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of technology, namely to engine building, and is intended to increase the number of revolutions of existing piston and rotary piston engines, simplify their design, as well as improve operational characteristics, increase efficiency and engine efficiency.

Known 4-stroke piston internal combustion engine (Technical literature edited by AS Orlin, MG Kruglov, “Internal combustion engines”. - M .: Mechanical Engineering, 1990), containing a cylinder, piston, connecting rod, crankshaft, intake and exhaust valves, spark plug, etc. The rotation of the crankshaft in it occurs due to the combustion of the fuel mixture in the cylinder between its bottom and piston. The piston moves downward by rotating the crankshaft through the connecting rod. A full cycle takes place in two revolutions of the crankshaft (four cycles). The disadvantage of piston engines is the reciprocating movement of the pistons during operation, which limits the number of revolutions of the crankshaft, as well as the reliability of the system. Rotary engines are largely devoid of the disadvantages of piston engines. Their history began with the invention of the Wankel engine (Technical literature edited by AS Orlin, MG Kruglov “Internal Combustion Engines.” - M .: Mechanical Engineering, 1990), which is a piston-rotor in the form of a triangle, placed in case, where with the help of a special eccentric he makes a complex epicyclic movement. The working process is carried out in a four-cycle cycle due to the combustion of the fuel mixture in volumes limited by the inner surface of the housing and each side of the piston-rotor. The proposed design of the utility model is also a rotary engine, so the Wankel engine can be taken as an analog. Significant disadvantages of the Wankel engine are the problem of sealing the internal working volume of the engine and the low compression ratio of the fuel mixture.

Known rotary engine Kuznetsov (RF Patent No. 2074967, F02B 53/00, 10.03.97), which contains a cylinder with exhaust and bypass valves, a piston with a crank mechanism, a stator with combustion chambers, candles and a nozzle for the release of burnt gases, a rotor with cavities placed in it, end caps. The rotation of the rotor is provided due to the energy of the gas flow of the burnt fuel-air mixture in the combustion chambers occurs alternately in one of them. This invention will be chosen as a prototype for the proposed utility model.

The disadvantages of the prototype.

1. The rigid connection of the piston system and the rotor limits the increase in the number of revolutions of the engine, reduces its mechanical reliability and, accordingly, reduces the efficiency.

2. There is no forced cleaning of the combustion chamber of burnt gases, which reduces the amount of incoming fresh charge of the fuel mixture, therefore, less useful work will be obtained per cycle, and hence lower efficiency.

The indicated purpose of the utility model is achieved by introducing into the design of the utility model pistons located directly in the rotor and nozzles of forced air supply (including oxygen).

A rotary internal combustion engine contains a stator, a rotor, spark plugs, air supply nozzles, fuel mixture nozzles, engine cooling holes, exhaust openings, and comprises grooves in the rotor at an equidistant distance in the form of an equilateral triangle in which pistons are arranged to be moved.

The proposed utility model design is a diagram of a rotary free piston internal combustion engine shown in FIG. 1. The fixed part of the engine is a stator 1 in the form of a cylinder with a cavity 13 in which exhaust openings 6 are made (Fig. 2). The rotor 2 is fixed on the axis. In order to increase wear resistance, increase the number of engine revolutions, and reduce mechanical losses due to the crank-crank mechanism, freely moving pistons are placed directly on the rotor. To do this, grooves are made in the rotor - working chambers 9 (Fig. 3) at an equidistant distance in the form of an equilateral triangle, along which three pistons 3 move. Pistons are flat, solid (or composite), have a thickening in the head and are thinner at the stem. The rod also performs the function of a piston. The piston may also be made of composite materials. This arrangement of the pistons allows the use of gas, including hydrogen, as a fuel mixture. In the stator, equally spaced, in 4 sectors there are spark plugs 5, nozzles for supplying air (or oxygen, when using hydrogen as a fuel mixture) 7 and a fuel mixture (or hydrogen) 8, cooling holes for the engine 12, there are exhaust holes in the cavity 6.

The principle of operation of a rotary internal combustion engine.

A voltage is applied to the spark plug 5-1 (FIG. 1). There is a discharge and ignition of the compressed fuel mixture in the combustion chamber 11-1. From the gas pressure, the piston 3-1 begins to move, transmitting a force impulse to the rotor 2 by compressing the air in the damping chamber 10-1 of the rotor 2. The rotor starts to rotate clockwise (Fig. 4). At the same time, the exhaust opening 6 of the stator 1 opens, exhaust gases exit. At the same time, the piston 3-3 opens and, under the action of gas pressure, starts to move counterclockwise, compressing the fuel mixture received in the working chamber 9-3 in front of the piston. At the same time, the fuel mixture located behind the piston rod 3-1 in the working chamber 9-1 begins to compress. Further, the rotor rotates a few degrees clockwise (Fig. 5). The air nozzle 7-1 opens. In the remaining working chambers 9-1, 9-3, the fuel mixture is compressed. Further, the rotor rotates a few degrees clockwise (Fig. 6). The exhaust opening 6 of the stator 1 is blocked. The air nozzle 7-1 is shut off. The fuel mixture injector 8-1 opens. The rotor still rotates (Fig. 7), the nozzle for supplying the fuel mixture 8-1 is blocked, the pistons 3-2 and 3-3 approach the combustion chamber 11-4 and the spark plug 5-4. Further, there is a discharge and ignition of the compressed fuel mixture in the combustion chamber 11-4. The piston 3-3 starts to move clockwise. The cycle repeats.

The advantage of the design of the rotary engine is that it does not have “dead spots” characteristic of piston engines. The lack of conversion of one type of movement to another (for example, reciprocating into rotary) allows the engine to operate at high speeds not available to conventional piston engines, the high compression ratio of the fuel mixture makes the rotary engine presented more economical than Wankel engines. All this increases the efficiency of the presented rotary engine.

Claims (2)

1. A rotary internal combustion engine comprising a stator, a rotor, spark plugs, air supply nozzles, fuel mixture nozzles, engine cooling holes, exhaust openings, characterized in that it further comprises grooves in the rotor at an equidistant distance in the form of an equilateral triangle, in which located pistons that can move. 2. The rotary internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the pistons are flat, have a thickening in the head and a thinning at the rod, and the rod is a continuation of the head.

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