WO2024037320A1

WO2024037320A1 - Independent gas distribution in-cylinder direct combustion circumferential stroke internal combustion engine and circumferential stroke steam turbine

Info

Publication number: WO2024037320A1
Application number: PCT/CN2023/110116
Authority: WO
Inventors: 谢明海
Original assignee: 北京旋环科技有限公司
Priority date: 2022-08-15
Filing date: 2023-07-31
Publication date: 2024-02-22
Also published as: CN115306541B; CN115306541A

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention are an independent gas distribution in-cylinder direct combustion circumferential stroke internal combustion engine and a circumferential stroke steam turbine. The internal combustion engine comprises an annular cylinder assembly, a main shaft, and a combustion gas distribution unit. The annular cylinder assembly comprises a stator ring, a rotor ring, and a stator piston; a cavity between the rotor ring and a stator end cover forms a closed annular cylinder; the peripheral surface of the rotor ring has a protruding portion as a rotor piston; a stator piston, the combustion gas distribution unit, and an exhaust gas emission port are arranged on the inner wall of the stator ring, the stator piston and the rotor piston accordingly rotate in cooperation, so as to divide the annular cylinder into two independent channels which change by equal proportion along with rotation of the main shaft and a stator piston shaft; and the combustion gas distribution unit sprays compressed air and fuel into the annular cylinder and ignites same, a deflagration mixture enables the rotor piston to rotate, the annular cylinder is disconnected in the moving process, and exhaust gas is forcibly exhausted out of the annular cylinder by the rotor piston via the exhaust gas emission port, so that working and emission are synchronously achieved.

Description

Independently equipped with in-cylinder direct-fired circular stroke internal combustion engine and circular stroke steam turbine

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of independent gas-distribution internal combustion engines, and specifically to a direct-fired circular-stroke internal combustion engine and a circular-stroke steam turbine with independent gas distribution in cylinders.

Background technique

The vast majority of existing internal combustion engines are four-stroke gasoline and diesel internal combustion engines, with a very small number of Wankel triangular rotor engines. The basic mechanical mechanism of traditional gasoline and diesel internal combustion engines is a piston-connecting rod-crankshaft structure. The mechanical structure is complex, the reciprocating motion of the piston has large mechanical friction losses, and the mechanical efficiency is low. Therefore, the internal combustion engine has the disadvantages of low thermal efficiency, high fuel consumption, high cost, and high failure rate.

CN104806350A discloses a circular rotor internal combustion engine, which includes a center rotor, 2N air-sealed rotors, a main shaft gear, air-sealed rotor gears with the same number as the air-sealed rotors, and pistons with the same number of air-sealed rotors. The device compresses the air External.

CN110145396A discloses a concentric circumferential rotor engine. The cylinder is connected to the rotor chamber with an air passage. The rotor takes the center of the rotor shaft as the center and rotates in a circle in the rotor chamber. After three strokes of intake, power and exhaust, a work is completed. cycle. Although this device has few components, it is not easy to implement.

To this end, a simple structure, a large expansion ratio, a long stroke, and a high thermal efficiency independent direct-fired circular-stroke internal combustion engine and a circular-stroke steam turbine are needed.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an independently equipped direct-fired circular stroke internal combustion engine and a circular stroke steam turbine in the cylinder. The circular stroke internal combustion engine can be a single annular cylinder internal combustion engine or a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine; The annular cylinder is composed of a concentrically arranged stator ring and a cavity inside the rotor ring. The annular cylinder is divided into two relatively independent and airtight spaces by the stator piston and the rotor piston; the combustion gas distribution unit is arranged close to the stator piston. , forming a combustion chamber between the stator piston and the rotor piston, and the deflagration pressure drives the rotor piston to operate and exhausts the exhaust gas out of the cylinder at the same time. At the same time, a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine with multiple annular cylinder assemblies coaxially connected in series can also be used. The circumferential stroke steam turbine uses a similar structure to the above-mentioned internal combustion engine, except that there is no combustion valve unit.

A direct-fired circular stroke internal combustion engine with an independent cylinder, including an annular cylinder assembly, a main shaft and a combustion gas distribution unit. The annular cylinder assembly includes a stator ring, a rotor ring and a stator piston; the stator ring and the rotor ring are coaxially arranged, and two stator end caps are respectively arranged on the sides of the stator ring and the rotor ring, and the The stator ring, the rotor ring The cavity between the stator end cover and the stator end cover forms a sealed annular cylinder; the outer circumferential surface of the rotor ring has a protrusion serving as a rotor piston, and the end surface of the rotor piston abuts against the stator ring inner circumferential surface of the stator ring. superior;

The inner wall of the stator ring is provided with a first groove, a second through hole and an exhaust gas outlet. The first groove is used to partially insert the stator piston, and a part of the stator piston extends into the annular cylinder, and The outer circumferential surface of the stator piston is tangent to the outer circumferential surface of the rotor ring; the stator piston has a matching groove from its outer circumferential surface in the direction of the central axis for the rotor piston to pass;

The main shaft serves as a power output shaft and is fixed inside the rotor ring and is driven by the rotor ring to rotate axially. The stator piston shaft is fixed inside the stator piston and can drive the stator piston to rotate axially; The rotation directions of the main shaft and the stator piston shaft are opposite; the stator piston and the rotor piston rotate correspondingly, thereby dividing the annular cylinder into two independent and disconnected functional sections, namely the combustion power section and the exhaust section. , the combustion power section and the exhaust section are two functional sections that change in the same proportion, and their space size changes in proportion with the rotation of the rotor piston.

The second through hole penetrates the side wall of the stator ring to serve as a mounting hole and working slot for the combustion gas distribution unit, and the second through hole and the exhaust gas outlet are located on both sides of the first groove, respectively. The burned exhaust gas is forcibly discharged through the exhaust port;

The combustion gas distribution unit is installed outside the stator ring and communicates with the annular cylinder, and is used to inject compressed air and fuel into the annular cylinder and ignite it;

At the moment when the rotor piston passes through the working groove of the combustion gas distribution unit, the combustion gas distribution unit injects compressed air and fuel into the annular cylinder and ignites combustion; the combustion work section and combustion of the annular cylinder between the stator piston and the rotor piston The working groove of the gas distribution unit forms a combustion chamber. The pressure of the explosively expanded oil and gas mixture acts on the stress surface of the rotor piston under the action of the stator piston, causing the rotor piston to rotate. The exhaust gas after the last combustion is forced to pass through the exhaust gas by the rotor piston. The exhaust port discharges the annular cylinder, thereby achieving simultaneous work and exhaust.

Further, the rotor piston is fixedly installed on the outer peripheral part of the rotor ring and can rotate with the rotor ring, or the rotor piston and the rotor ring are integrally formed.

Further, when the internal combustion engine is running, the angular speeds of the stator piston and the main shaft are consistent to ensure that the main shaft and the stator piston rotate synchronously, so that the rotor piston passes through the stator piston when rotating.

Further, the combustion gas distribution unit includes a gas distribution gas storage bin, a compressed air inlet valve, a compressed air outlet valve, a fuel injector and an igniter; the compressed air inlet valve is used to use the compressed air from the air compressor Entering the gas distribution and gas storage bin, the outlet of the compressed air outlet valve, the injector nozzle of the fuel injector and the end of the igniter all extend out of the bottom of the gas distribution and gas storage bin and are located in the working tank of the combustion gas distribution unit and do not Protruding from the inner circumferential surface of the stator ring, the working groove of the combustion gas distribution unit is formed by the gas distribution storage The bottom of the air chamber is composed of the second through hole close to the side wall of the annular cylinder.

Further, a main shaft bearing sleeve is fixedly installed on the stator end cover, and the main shaft passes through the main shaft bearing sleeve and is fixed in the rotor ring, so that it is driven by the rotor ring to rotate axially. One end of the main shaft is equipped with a main shaft synchronization gear, which is linked with the stator piston synchronization gear; a stator piston bearing sleeve is also fixedly installed on the stator end cover, and the stator piston shaft passes through the stator piston bearing sleeve and is fixed on the stator piston bearing sleeve. The stator piston bearing sleeve drives the stator piston to rotate axially. One end of the stator piston shaft is fixed on the stator end cover, and the other end is fixed with a stator piston synchronization gear.

Further, when the main shaft rotates clockwise, the stator piston shaft rotates counterclockwise, and the second through hole is located at the lower part of the first groove, thereby forming a combustion chamber between the stator piston and the rotor piston.

Further, each annular cylinder is equipped with at least one combustion gas distribution unit, and multiple combustion gas distribution units are arranged on the same side of the stator piston.

Further, the air compressor is one or more independent or connected air compressors, and the air compressed by the independent or connected air compressor enters the air distribution and storage bin.

Further, the internal combustion engine is equipped with a cooling system, a lubrication system and a corresponding control system.

Further, the direct-fired circumferential stroke internal combustion engine with independent cylinders includes annular cylinder components coaxially connected in series; the rotor pistons and stator pistons of adjacent annular cylinders adopt a symmetrical layout.

Further, the fuel in the injector is selected from the following: gasoline and diesel, natural gas, methanol or hydrogen.

The invention also discloses a circumferential stroke steam turbine, which includes an annular cylinder assembly and a main shaft; the annular cylinder assembly includes a stator ring, a rotor ring and a stator piston; the stator ring and the rotor ring are coaxially arranged, and the two stators End covers are respectively provided on the sides of the stator ring and the rotor ring, and the cavity between the stator ring, the rotor ring and the stator end cover forms a closed annular cylinder; the outer circumferential surface of the rotor ring has A protruding portion serves as a rotor piston, and the end surface of the rotor piston abuts the inner circumferential surface of the stator ring of the stator ring;

The main shaft serves as a power output shaft and is fixed inside the rotor ring and is driven by the rotor ring to rotate axially. The stator piston shaft is fixed inside the stator piston and can drive the stator piston to rotate axially; The rotation directions of the main shaft and the stator piston shaft are opposite; the stator piston and the rotor piston rotate correspondingly, thereby dividing the annular cylinder into into two relatively independent and disconnected functional sections, namely the power section and the exhaust section. The power section and the exhaust section are two functional sections that change in the same proportion, and their space size changes in proportion with the rotation of the rotor piston. ;

The second through hole penetrates the side wall of the stator ring and is used to inject steam or compressed air into the annular cylinder;

When the rotor piston passes through the second through hole, the steam or compressed air is sprayed into the second through hole; the pressure of the compressed air acts on the force-bearing surface of the rotor piston under the reaction of the stator piston, causing the rotor piston to rotate. The remaining steam or exhaust gas from the previous stroke is forced by the rotor piston to be discharged from the annular cylinder through the exhaust port, thus achieving simultaneous power generation and exhaust gas.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects and significant improvements of the embodiments of the present invention are:

The independent-cylinder direct-fired circumferential stroke internal combustion engine of the present invention may be a single annular cylinder internal combustion engine or a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine. The annular cylinder of the internal combustion engine is composed of a concentric stator ring and a cavity inside the rotor ring, and the annular cylinder is divided into two relatively independent and airtight spaces by the rotor piston;

The combustion gas distribution unit is placed close to the stator piston, so that a combustion chamber is formed between the stator piston and the rotor piston. The deflagration pressure drives the rotor piston to run and exhaust the exhaust gas out of the cylinder.

When the multi-cylinder type is selected, multiple annular cylinder assemblies are coaxially connected in series, which increases the power of the internal combustion engine in a very simple way, while reducing manufacturing costs and increasing application scenarios.

The invention's independent valve mechanism and annular cylinder technology have ultra-high expansion ratio, ultra-long stroke, ultra-high thermal efficiency, better weight-to-power ratio, better liter-to-power ratio, wider and more flexible air-fuel ratio, and can burn from Various fuels including gasoline, diesel, natural gas, methanol to hydrogen. The in-cylinder direct-fired circular stroke internal combustion engine is the best alternative technology and product to traditional technologies and products. At the same time, the above structure can also be applied to steam turbines.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a direct-fired circular stroke internal combustion engine with independent cylinders according to the present invention;

Figure 2a shows a perspective view of the annular cylinder assembly; Figure 2b shows a schematic structural diagram of the stator ring; Figure 2c shows a front view of the stator ring;

Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the stator end cover;

Figure 4 shows a schematic assembly diagram of the stator piston, stator shaft and stator piston synchronization gear;

Figure 5 shows a schematic assembly diagram of the stator piston and stator ring;

Figure 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of the rotor ring and rotor piston;

Figure 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of the rotor ring and rotor piston;

Figure 8 shows a schematic structural diagram of the main shaft and the main shaft synchronization gear;

Figure 9 shows a schematic structural diagram of the combustion gas distribution unit;

Figures 10a-10c show schematic diagrams of the rotor piston passing through the stator piston.

In the picture:

2: Stator ring

3: Stator piston

6: Fitting slot

7: Stator piston shaft

8: Stator piston bearing sleeve

9: Stator piston synchronization gear

10: Stator end cover

11: Spindle bearing sleeve

13: Rotor ring

14: Rotor piston

15: Stress surface of rotor piston

16: Rotor piston top

20: Spindle

21: Main shaft synchronization gear

22: Ring cylinder

27: Inner circumferential surface of stator ring

28: Rotor ring outer surface

29: Burning power section

30: Exhaust section

31: Combustion gas distribution unit

33: Exhaust exhaust port

34: Gas distribution and storage bin

35: Second through hole

36: Compressed air intake valve

37: Compressed air outlet valve

38: Fuel injector

39: Igniter

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions, beneficial effects and significant progress of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings provided in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, all the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementations obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts Examples, all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stipulated and limited, the terms "installation", "fixing", "connection" and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or a movable connection, or But become one; can It can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediary or an invisible signal connection, or an internal connection between two elements or an interactive relationship between two elements; unless otherwise clearly limited, for ordinary people in the art For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. in the description and claims of the present invention are only used to distinguish different objects, rather than describing a specific sequence.

It should also be noted that the following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, a single-cylinder independent cylinder direct-fired circular stroke internal combustion engine includes an annular cylinder assembly, a main shaft 20 as a power output shaft, a combustion valve unit 31 and an external air compressor. As shown in Figures 2a-2c, the annular cylinder assembly includes a stator ring 2, a rotor ring 13 and a stator piston 3. The stator ring 2 and the rotor ring 13 are coaxially arranged. Rotor sealing rings are provided at both ends of the rotor ring. The rotor sealing ring and the rotor ring are arranged in a concentric structure. The main shaft 20 passes through the two ends. The rotor sealing ring is fixed to the rotor ring. Two stator end covers 10 are respectively provided on the sides of the stator ring 2 and the rotor ring 13. The outer peripheral surface of the stator ring 2 and the outer contour of the stator end cover are adapted to form a shell; the stator Both sides of the ring 2 and the rotor ring 13 are against the wall of the stator end cover 10 , so that the stator ring inner circumferential surface 27 of the stator ring 2 and the rotor ring outer circumferential surface of the rotor ring 13 The cavity between 28 and the stator end cover forms a sealed annular cylinder 22. The outer circumferential surface of the rotor ring 13 has a protrusion as the rotor piston 14. As shown in Figure 7, the end surface of the rotor piston 14 (as the rotor piston top 16) is pressed against the stator ring of the stator ring 2. On the circumference 27. The rotor piston 14 can be fixedly installed on the outer circumference of the rotor ring 13 and can rotate with the rotor ring 13, or it can be integrally formed with the rotor ring 13, and the height and width of the rotor piston are consistent with the cross section of the annular cylinder. The height and width are the same.

As shown in Figure 2a, a main shaft bearing sleeve 11 is fixedly installed on the stator end cover 10. The main shaft 20 passes through the main shaft bearing sleeve 11 and is fixed in the rotor ring 13, so that the main shaft 20 is fixed in the rotor ring 13. Driven to rotate axially, one end of the main shaft 20 is connected to the main shaft of the vehicle's gearbox, and the other end is equipped with a main shaft synchronization gear 21 (as shown in Figure 8). The main shaft synchronization gear 21 meshes with the stator piston synchronization gear 9.

As shown in Figure 2b, the inner wall of the stator ring 2 is provided with a first groove, a second through hole 35 and an exhaust gas outlet 33, and a cylindrical stator piston 3 is partially placed in the first groove. And the outer surface of the stator piston 3 is adapted to the shape of the first groove so that when the stator piston rotates, its outer surface is always in contact with the inner wall of the first groove. A part of the stator piston 3 extends into the annular cylinder, and the stator piston 3 The outer peripheral surface of the piston 3 is tangent to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor ring 13 and forms a seal. As shown in the picture As shown in 5, the stator piston 3 has a fitting groove 6 from its outer circumference in the direction of the central axis for the rotor piston 14 to pass, and the surface profile of the fitting groove 6 is not smaller than the outer surface profile of the rotor piston 14. This facilitates the passage of the rotor piston 14 . Moreover, when the internal combustion engine is running, the angular velocities of the stator piston 3 and the main shaft 20 are consistent, ensuring that the main shaft 20 and the stator piston 3 rotate synchronously, so that the rotor piston 14 passes through the stator piston 3 when rotating.

The stator piston bearing sleeve 8 is also fixedly installed on the stator end cover 10. The stator piston shaft 7 passes through the stator piston bearing sleeve 8 and is fixed in the stator piston bearing sleeve 8, thereby driving the stator piston 3 axis. To rotate, one end of the stator piston shaft 7 is fixed on the stator end cover 10, and the other end is fixed with a stator piston synchronization gear 9 (as shown in Figure 4). The stator piston synchronization gear 9 is connected with the main shaft synchronization gear. Engagement. As shown in Figure 3, the stator end cover 10 has two holes, the diameters of which are respectively adapted to the diameters of the stator piston bearing sleeve 8 and the main shaft bearing sleeve 11, for passing through the Stator piston bearing sleeve 8 and main shaft bearing sleeve 11.

The main shaft 20 and the stator piston shaft 7 have the same axial direction, and their axis centers are located on the same horizontal line. The main shaft 20 and the stator piston shaft 7 rotate in opposite directions, that is, when the main shaft 20 rotates clockwise, the stator piston shaft 7 drives the stator piston 3 to rotate counterclockwise, so that the stator piston 3 and the rotor piston 14 cooperate accordingly. The annular cylinder 22 is rotated to divide the annular cylinder 22 into two independent and disconnected sections, namely the combustion power section 29 and the exhaust section 30. The size of the space changes proportionally with the rotation of the rotor piston 14.

The second through hole 35 penetrates the side wall of the stator ring 2 as a mounting hole and working slot for the combustion gas distribution unit 31, and the second through hole 35 is located below the first groove and close to the first groove. A groove; the exhaust gas exhaust port 33 is located above and close to the first groove, and the burned exhaust gas is forcibly discharged through the exhaust gas exhaust port 33. According to actual needs, the combustion gas distribution unit 31 may be one or multiple; when multiple combustion gas distribution units 31 are selected, the combustion gas distribution units 31 are all located below the first groove. The exhaust gas exhaust port 33 may be one or multiple. The number of the second through holes 35 is the same as the number of the combustion gas distribution units 31 . As shown in Figure 9, the combustion gas distribution unit 31 includes a gas distribution gas storage bin 34, a compressed air inlet valve 36, a compressed air outlet valve 37, a fuel injector and an igniter 39. The gas distribution gas storage bin The top of 34, that is, the end away from the annular cylinder, is provided with a fuel injector and an igniter 39. One end of the igniter 39 is connected to a circuit, and the other end extends from the bottom of the gas distribution and gas storage bin 34 to reach the inside of the annular cylinder; One end of the fuel injector is connected to the oil pump, and the other end extends from the bottom of the gas distribution and gas storage bin 34 to reach the inside of the annular cylinder. One end of the compressed air inlet valve 36 is connected to the air outlet of a peripheral device or a built-in air compressor, and the other end extends from the side wall of the air distribution and air storage bin 34 into the interior of the air distribution and air storage bin 34 for injecting air from The compressed air from the air compressor enters the air distribution and storage bin 34, and the compressed air inlet valve 36 is located outside the annular cylinder. The outer wall of the gas distribution and storage bin 34 and the inner wall profile of the second through hole 35 are adapted to be fixed on part of the inner wall of the second through hole, and The bottom of the gas distribution and gas storage bin 34 and the second through hole 35 close to the side wall of the annular cylinder 22 form a working groove of the combustion gas distribution unit (also a part of the annular cylinder 22). The end of the igniter 39 The ends of the fuel injector 38 and the compressed air outlet valve 37 are located in the working groove of the combustion gas distribution unit, that is, they extend into the annular cylinder and do not protrude from the inner circumferential surface 27 of the stator ring so that the rotor can Piston 14 passes. Among them, the working groove of the combustion gas distribution unit and the combustion working section 29 together form a combustion chamber.

Wherein, the air compressor is one or more independent or conjoined air compressors. The air compressed by the independent or conjoined air compressor enters the air distribution and air storage bin 34. The air distribution and air storage bin 34 It is connected with the annular cylinder 22 through the compressed air outlet valve 37, and the compressed air is sent into the annular cylinder 22 through the compressed air outlet valve 37 according to the working conditions.

As needed, the internal combustion engine is equipped with a cooling system, a lubrication system and a corresponding control system.

As shown in Figures 10a-10c, the working process of the independently equipped cylinder direct-fired circular stroke internal combustion engine is as follows:

When in use, the compressed air from the external device or the built-in air compressor enters the gas distribution and gas storage bin 34 through the pipeline through the compressed air inlet valve 36; the internal combustion engine burns the gas distribution unit when the rotor piston 14 works. When in the groove, the combustion working section 29 of the annular cylinder 22 between the stator piston 3 and the rotor piston 14 and the working groove of the combustion valve unit form a combustion chamber. According to the needs of different fuels, the ECU control of the internal combustion engine extends into the combustion valve. The compressed air outlet valve 37, the fuel injector 38 and the igniter 39 of the working tank of the gas unit inject compressed air and fuel sequentially into the annular cylinder, and ignite and burn them simultaneously. The high pressure of the oil and gas mixture after the explosion and expansion acts on the stress-bearing surface 15 of the rotor piston 3 under the action of the stator piston 3 (as shown in Figure 6), causing the rotor piston to rotate clockwise, pushing the rotor ring to rotate and perform work, and the chemical combustion of the fuel is Mechanical energy that can be converted into work in an internal combustion engine. Since the rotor piston 14 is fixed on the rotor ring and rotates with the rotor ring, it disconnects the annular cylinder 22 during movement and simultaneously realizes the functions of power generation and emission; the rotor ring and the rotor piston form the rotor of the circumferential stroke internal combustion engine.

The main shaft 20 rotates clockwise, and the stator piston shaft 7 drives the stator piston 3 to rotate counterclockwise. Therefore, the stator piston 3 and the rotor piston 14 rotate correspondingly, so that the annular cylinder 22 is divided into the stator piston 3 and the rotor piston 14. There are two independent, disconnected and constantly changing functional sections, namely the combustion power section 29 and the exhaust section 30. Their space changes proportionally with the rotation of the main shaft 20 and the stator piston shaft 7. In the combustion power section 29, the combustion work section At the same time, the last combustion exhaust gas is forced by the rotor piston 14 to be discharged from the annular cylinder 22 through the exhaust port 33 .

Example 2

A multi-cylinder independent cylinder direct-fired circular stroke internal combustion engine is composed of one or more annular cylinder assemblies similar to those in Embodiment 1, which are coaxially connected in series. Only the distinguishing features are described below: the rotor piston and stator piston of the adjacent annular cylinder 22 adopt a symmetrical layout, that is, the stator piston in the adjacent annular cylinder assembly is installed 180 degrees opposite to the rotor piston. The rotor piston 14 on 12 is also installed 180 degrees oppositely.

Moreover, the stator piston synchronization gear 9 is connected to the main shaft synchronization gear through a gear, chain or gear belt.

At the same time, the structure of Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 can also be applied to a circular stroke steam turbine. When used as a circular stroke steam turbine, since combustion work is not required, the combustion gas distribution unit 31 is not placed in the second through hole 35, but is passed through steam or compressed air. A position sensor is provided on the rotor piston. When the rotor piston 14 passes through the second through hole 35, the ECU controls the second through hole 35 to inject steam from the boiler or compressed air from the air compressor; the steam or compressed air The pressure acts on the force-bearing surface 15 of the rotor piston 14, causing the rotor piston 14 to rotate. The remaining exhaust gas from the previous stroke is forced by the rotor piston 14 to be discharged from the annular cylinder 22 through the exhaust gas exhaust port 33, thereby achieving simultaneous power generation and exhaust.

The above embodiments and specific cases are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that it still The technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced, and these modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. , non-essential improvements, adjustments or substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the contents of this specification, all fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

A direct-fired circular stroke internal combustion engine with independent cylinders, characterized by including an annular cylinder assembly, a main shaft (20) and a combustion gas distribution unit (31); the annular cylinder assembly includes a stator ring (2), a rotor ring (13) and The stator piston (3); the stator ring (2) and the rotor ring (13) are arranged in a concentric shaft structure, and two stator end covers (10) are respectively arranged on the stator ring (2) and the rotor ring (13). ), and the cavity between the stator ring (2), the rotor ring (13) and the stator end cover forms a closed annular cylinder (22); the outer peripheral surface of the rotor ring (13) There is a protruding part as the rotor piston (14), and the end surface of the rotor piston (14) abuts against the stator ring inner peripheral surface (27) of the stator ring (2);

The inner wall of the stator ring (2) is provided with a first groove, a second through hole (35) and an exhaust gas outlet (33). The first groove is used to partially insert the stator piston (3). A part of the stator piston (3) extends into the annular cylinder (22), and the outer peripheral surface of the stator piston (3) is tangent to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor ring (13); the stator piston (3) faces from its outer peripheral surface There is a fitting groove (6) in the direction of the central axis for the rotor piston (14) to pass;

The main shaft (20) serves as a power output shaft and is fixed inside the rotor ring and is driven by the rotor ring to rotate axially. The stator piston shaft (7) is fixed inside the stator piston (3) and can The stator piston (3) is driven to rotate axially; the main shaft (20) and the stator piston shaft (7) rotate in opposite directions; the stator piston (3) and the rotor piston (14) rotate correspondingly, thereby The annular cylinder (22) is divided into two relatively independent and disconnected functional sections, namely a combustion power section (29) and an exhaust section (30). The combustion power section (29) and the exhaust section (30) They are two functional sections that change in the same proportion, and their space size changes in proportion with the rotation of the rotor piston (14);

The second through hole (35) penetrates the side wall of the stator ring (2) to serve as a mounting hole and working slot for the combustion gas distribution unit (31), and the second through hole (35) is connected to the exhaust gas outlet. (33) are respectively located on both sides of the first groove, and the burned exhaust gas is forcibly discharged through the exhaust port (33);

The combustion gas distribution unit (31) is installed outside the stator ring and communicates with the annular cylinder (22), and is used to inject compressed air and fuel into the annular cylinder (22) and ignite it;

When the rotor piston (14) passes through the working groove of the combustion gas distribution unit (31), the combustion gas distribution unit (31) injects compressed air and fuel into the annular cylinder and ignites the combustion; the stator piston (3) and the rotor The combustion section (29) of the annular cylinder (22) between the pistons (14) and the working groove of the combustion valve unit form a combustion chamber. The pressure of the explosively expanded oil and gas mixture acts on the stator piston (3) under the reaction of the stator piston (3). The force-bearing surface (15) of the rotor piston causes the rotor piston (14) to rotate, and the exhaust gas after the last combustion is forced by the rotor piston (14) to be discharged from the annular cylinder (22) through the exhaust gas exhaust port (33), thereby synchronously achieving work and emissions.
The direct-fired circular stroke internal combustion engine with independent cylinders according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotor piston (14) is fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the rotor ring (13) and can rotate with the rotor ring (13), or the rotor piston (14) is The rotor piston (14) and the rotor ring (13) are integrally formed.
The direct-fired circular stroke internal combustion engine in an independent cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that when the internal combustion engine is running, the angular speeds of the stator piston (3) and the main shaft (20) are consistent to ensure that the main shaft (20) and the stator The pistons (3) rotate synchronously so that the rotor piston (14) rotates past the stator piston (3).
The direct-fired circular stroke internal combustion engine with independent cylinder configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that the combustion gas distribution unit (31) includes a gas distribution gas storage bin (34), a compressed air intake valve (36), a compression Air outlet valve (37), fuel injector (38) and igniter (39); the compressed air inlet valve (36) is used to enter the compressed air of the air compressor into the air distribution and air storage bin (34), so The outlet of the compressed air outlet valve (37), the nozzle (38) of the fuel injector and the end of the igniter (39) all extend out of the bottom of the gas distribution and gas storage bin (34) and are located at the working end of the combustion gas distribution unit. In the groove and not protruding from the inner circumferential surface of the stator ring (27), the working groove of the combustion gas distribution unit is close to the annular cylinder (35) from the bottom of the gas distribution gas storage bin (34) and the second through hole 35. 22) side wall composition.
The direct-fired circular stroke internal combustion engine with an independent cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that a main shaft bearing sleeve (11) is fixedly installed on the stator end cover (10), and the main shaft (20) passes through the The main shaft bearing sleeve (11) is fixed in the rotor ring (13) so as to rotate axially driven by the rotor ring. One end of the main shaft (20) is equipped with a main shaft synchronous gear (21). The synchronization gear (21) is linked with the stator piston synchronization gear (9); a stator piston bearing sleeve (8) is also fixedly installed on the stator end cover (10), and the stator piston shaft (7) passes through the stator piston bearing sleeve (8) and is fixed in the stator piston bearing sleeve (8), thereby driving the stator piston (3) to rotate axially, and one end of the stator piston shaft (7) is fixed on the stator end cover (10) On the other end, the stator piston synchronization gear (9) is fixedly installed.
The direct-fired circular stroke internal combustion engine with independent cylinders according to claim 1, characterized in that when the main shaft (20) rotates clockwise, the stator piston shaft (7) rotates counterclockwise, and the second through hole is located at the first The lower part of the groove forms a combustion chamber between the stator piston (3) and the rotor piston (14).
The direct-fired circumferential stroke internal combustion engine in an independent cylinder according to claim 1, wherein each annular cylinder is equipped with at least one combustion gas distribution unit 31, and a plurality of the combustion gas distribution units 31 are provided in the Same side of the stator piston.
The direct-fired circular stroke internal combustion engine with independent cylinders according to claim 4, wherein the air compressor is one or more independent or conjoined air compressors. compressed air Enter the gas distribution and storage bin (34).
The direct-fired circular stroke internal combustion engine with independent cylinders according to claim 1, characterized in that there are multiple annular cylinder assemblies, and each of the annular cylinder assemblies is coaxially connected in series; wherein adjacent annular cylinders (22) The rotor piston and stator piston adopt a symmetrical layout.
A circumferential stroke steam turbine, characterized in that it includes an annular cylinder assembly and a main shaft (20); the annular cylinder assembly includes a stator ring (2), a rotor ring (13) and a stator piston (3); the stator ring (2) ) and the rotor ring (13) are coaxially arranged, two stator end covers (10) are respectively arranged on the sides of the stator ring (2) and the rotor ring (13), and the stator ring (2) , the cavity between the rotor ring (13) and the stator end cover (10) forms a sealed annular cylinder (22); the outer circumferential surface of the rotor ring (13) has a protruding portion as the rotor piston (14) ), the end surface of the rotor piston (14) abuts the stator ring inner peripheral surface (27) of the stator ring (2);

The inner wall of the stator ring (2) is provided with a first groove, a second through hole (35) and an exhaust gas outlet (33). The first groove is used to partially insert the stator piston (3). A part of the stator piston (3) extends into the annular cylinder (22), and the outer peripheral surface of the stator piston (3) is tangent to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor ring (13); the stator piston (3) faces from its outer peripheral surface There is a fitting groove (6) in the direction of the central axis for the rotor piston (14) to pass;

The main shaft (20) serves as a power output shaft and is fixed inside the rotor ring and is driven by the rotor ring to rotate axially. The stator piston shaft (7) is fixed inside the stator piston (3) and can The stator piston (3) is driven to rotate axially; the main shaft (20) and the stator piston shaft (7) rotate in opposite directions; the stator piston (3) and the rotor piston (14) rotate correspondingly, thereby The annular cylinder (22) is divided into two relatively independent and disconnected functional sections, namely the power section and the exhaust section (30). The power section and the exhaust section (30) are two functional sections that change year-on-year. , the space size changes proportionally with the rotation of the rotor piston (14);

The second through hole (35) penetrates the side wall of the stator ring (2) and is used to inject steam or compressed air into the annular cylinder (22);

When the rotor piston (14) passes through the second through hole (35), steam or compressed air is injected into the second through hole (35); the pressure of the compressed air acts on the rotor piston (3) under the reaction of the stator piston (3). The force-bearing surface (15) of 14) causes the rotor piston (14) to rotate, and then the remaining steam or exhaust gas from the previous stroke is forced by the rotor piston (14) to be discharged from the annular cylinder (22) through the exhaust gas exhaust port (33). In this way, work and exhaust can be realized simultaneously.